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Bioclimate-Vegetation Interrelations along the Pacific Rim of North America

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第10期3卷 1430-1450页

作者： manuel peinado Gustavo Díaz José Delgadillo francisco manuel ocana-peinado Miguel Angel Macías Juan Luis Aguirre Alejandro Aparicio Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Estudios Norteamericanos“Benjamin Franklin” Universidad de AlcaláAlcaláde HenaresSpain Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaEnsenadaMexico Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Universidad de GranadaGranadaSpain Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales Universidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajaraMexico

This study was designed to examine relationships between climate and vegetation of the Pacific rim of North America, from the Mediterranean deserts of California to Alaska’s boreal taiga. Relations were inferred from temperature and rainfall data recorded at 457 weather stations and by sampling the vegetation around these stations. Climate data were used to construct climatograms, calculate forty one variables and detect main latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. In order to identify the best functions able to relate our variables, polynomial and non-polynomial regressions were performed. The k-means algorithm was the clustering method used to validate the variables that could best support our bioclimatic classification. The variable that best fitted our classification was finally used to prepare a discriminatory key for bioclimates. Across this extensive area three macrobioclimates were identified, Mediterranean, Temperate and Bo- real, within which we were able to distinguish nine bioclimates. Finally, we relate the different types of potential natural vegetation to each of these bioclimates and describe their floristic composition and physiognomy.

关键词： Bioclimatology Boreal Forests Mediterranean Vegetation Plant Formations Temperate Rainforests Zonobiomes

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Conservative management of a recurrent puerperal uterine inversion with bakri<sup>®</sup>balloon tamponade

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第4期1卷 197-201页

作者： Jesús Joaquín Hijona Elósegui francisco Javier Frutos Arenas Antonio Carballo García Juan Antonio López López Gabriel Castilla peinado peinado Juan manuel Torres Martí 不详

Puerperal Uterine Inversion (PUI) is a rare but potentially life-threatening delivery complication in which the uterine fundus collapses within the endometrial cavity. This “glove-finger” introflexion of uterine walls generally occurs as an immediate postpartum complication and is responsible of different degrees of vaginal bleeding, shock and hypogastric pain that can cause serious maternal complications, including death. There are few reports of recurrent postpartum uterine inversion like the one we present here, and its causes remain unclear. Early diagnosis of this complication is crucial as it is the only one measure that can allow a successful and conservative treatment: an inverse relationship between the time that uterus keeps inverted and the probability of repositioning has been firmly established. This case report describes the exceptional and innovative use of the SOS Bakri? balloon (Cook Medical Incorporated) in the management of a recurrent puerperal uterine inversion. To our knowledge it is one of the first reports in the world of this procedure, perhaps the second one after Soleymani’s et al description;and the first one in a third degree recurrent puerperal uterine inversion.

关键词： Balloon Tamponade Intrauterine Management Postpartum Haemorrhage Uterine Inversion Review Treatment

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