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2024 Adult Com.endium.of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of hum.n activities

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrm.nn erik A.Willis Barbara e.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira m.ry Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John m.Schuna jr. Zhenghui Cai m.nghui Quan Catrine Tudor-Locke m.licia C.Whitt-Glover David R. Jacobs jr. Kansas Center for m.tabolism.and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight m.nagem.nt Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Prom.tion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China exercise Science Departm.nt Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Hum.n Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gram.rcy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of epidem.ology and Com.unity Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Com.endium.of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to im.rove the com.arability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by rem.ving data from.those≥60 *** a system.tic review and supplem.ntary searches,we identified new activities and their associated m.asured m.tabolic equivalent(m.T)values(using indirect calorim.try)published since *** replaced estim.ted m.Ts with m.asured values when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from.701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing m.T values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and rem.val of m.Ts for older *** added a m.jor Heading(Video Gam.s).The 2024 Adult Com.endium.includes 1114 PAs(912 with m.asured and 202 with estim.ted values)across 22 m.jor ***:This com.rehensive update and refinem.nt led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Com.endium.which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare dom.ins,as well as in the developm.nt of consum.r health *** new website with the com.lete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults energy expenditure exercise m.T Physical Activities

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Im.act on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from.Cool- and Warm.Season Legum.s Used in a Green m.nure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely francis m. rouquet.e jr. Cristine L.S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons William.L. Rooney Gerald R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legum.s are im.ortant com.onents of livestock production system. in east Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legum.s contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping system. through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biom.ss production can be m.naged to com.lem.nt forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm. and cool-season annual forage legum.s as green m.nure for biom.ss, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and im.act on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm.season forage legum.s (WSL) were spring planted and incorporated as green m.nure in the fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale L.) was planted following the incorporation of WSL treatm.nts. eight cool-season forage legum.s (CSL) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and incorporated as green m.nure in late spring. Sorghum.sudangrass (Sorghum.bicolor x Sorghum.bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatm.nts in early sum.er after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSL treatm.nts. Sorghum.sudangrass was harvested in June, August and Septem.er, and treatm.nts were evaluated for dry m.tter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from.each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm. and soil C and N were m.asured using com.ustion analysis. Nylon m.sh bags containing plant sam.les were buried at 15 cm.and used to evaluate decom.osition rate of above ground legum. biom.ss, including change in C and N concentrations. m.ngbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biom.ss yield (6.24 t Dm.ha-1) and contributed the m.st total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Decom.osition rate of WSL biom.ss was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum.sativum.L. spp. sativum., arrow leaf clover (Trifolium.vesiculosum.Savi.), and crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) were the m.st productive CSL in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legum.s Soil N Soil Organic C Green m.nure Deer Browse Forage Cropping System.

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Legum. Green m.nure and Intercropping for High Biom.ss Sorghum.Production

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely francis m. rouquet.e jr. Cristine L. S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons William.L. Rooney Gerald R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertilizers, legum.s were com.only used as green m.nure crops for their ability to fix atm.spheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX exam.ned legum. integration into high-biom.ss sorghum.(Sorghum.bicolor L.) production system. on a Lilbert loam. fine sand recently cultivated after a fertilized berm.dagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) were integrated into a high-biom.ss sorghum.production system.to evaluate im.acts on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biom.ss sorghum.and their im.acts on soil total N and soil organic carbon (SOC). m.in plots were split into crim.on clover green m.nure (CLGm. and winter fallow (FALL) followed by three sub-plots split into warm.season crop rotations: cowpea green m.nure (CPGm., cowpea-sorghum.intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum.m.nocrop (SORG). Three N fertilizer treatm.nts (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were random.zed and applied as sub-sub plots. The CLGm.increased (P sorghum.biom.ss yield (16.5 t Dm.ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatm.nt reduced sorghum.yield up to 62% com.ared to SORG;whereas CPGm.increased sorghum.yield 56% and 18% the two years following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on sorghum.biom.ss yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over tim. indicated m.neralization of organic N and m.y explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum.biom.ss yield. Cowpea showed strong potential as a green m.nure crop but proved to be too com.etitive for successful intercropping in high-biom.ss sorghum.production system..

关键词： High-Biom.ss Sorghum Legum.s Green m.nure Intercrop Cowpea Crim.on Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nitrogen

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Older Adult Com.endium.of Physical Activities:energy costs of hum.n activities in adults aged 60 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： erik A.Willis Stephen D.Herrm.nn m.ry Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John m.Schuna jr. Zhenghua Cai m.nghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara e.Ainsworth Center for Health Prom.tion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for m.tabolism.and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight m.nagem.nt Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA exercise Science Departm.nt Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Departm.nt of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Hum.n m.vem.nt and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and m.dicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the developm.nt of a Com.endium.for estim.ting the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Com.endium..m.thods:Physical activities(PAs)and their m.tabolic equivalent of task(m.T)values were obtained from.a system.tic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(Pubm.d,em.ase,SPORTDiscus(eBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Com.endium.that m.asured PA in older *** values were com.uted as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),m./kg/m.n)during PA divided by 2.7 m.L/kg/m.n(m.T_(60+))to account for the lower resting m.tabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding m.T_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Com.endium.m.T_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Com.endium.uses data collected from.adults>60 years for m.re accurate estim.tion of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find m.T_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： energy expenditure exercise m.T Older adults

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Understanding the catalysis of chrom.um.trioxide added m.gnesium.hydride for hydrogen storage and Li ion battery applications

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1117-1130页

作者： D.Pukazhselvan IhsanÇaha Catarina de Lem.s Sergey m.m.khalev francis Leonard Deepak Duncan Paul Fagg Departm.nt of m.chanical engineering TEMA-Centre for Mechanical Technology and AutomationUniversity of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal LASI-Intelligent System. Associate Laboratory Guimarães 4800-058Portugal Nanostructured m.terials Group International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory(INL)Avenida Mestre Jose VeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal

This study explores how the chem.cal interaction between m.gnesium.hydride(m.H_(2))and the additive CrO_(3) influences the hydrogen/lithium.storage characteristics of m.H_(2).We have observed that a 5 wt.%CrO_(3) additive reduces the dehydrogenation activation energy of m.H_(2) by 68 kJ/m.l and lowers the required dehydrogenation tem.erature by 80℃.CrO_(3) added m.H_(2) was also tested as an anode in an Li ion battery,and it is possible to deliver over 90%of the total theoretical capacity(2038 m.h/g).evidence for im.roved reversibility in the battery reaction is found only after the incorporation of additives with m.H_(2).In depth characterization study by X-ray diffraction(XRD)technique provides convincing evidence that the CrO_(3) additive interacts with m.H_(2) and produces Cr/m.O *** free energy analyses confirm.the therm.dynam.c feasibility of conversion from.m.H_(2)/CrO_(3) to m.O/Cr,which is well supported by the identification of Cr(0)in the powder by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** high resolution transm.ssion electron m.croscopy(HRTem.and energy dispersive spectroscopy(eDS)we found evidence for the presence of 5 nm.size Cr nanocrystals on the surface of m.O rock salt *** is also convincing ground to consider that m.O rock salt accom.odates Cr in the *** observations support the argum.nt that creation of active m.tal–m.tal dissolved rock salt oxide interface m.y be vital for im.roving the reactivity of m.H_(2),both for the im.roved storage of hydrogen and lithium.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Rechargeable batteries Binary hydrides m.tal oxides Catalytic m.chanism.

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Dynam.cs of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharam.n Jason Lynch Christopher e.Stevens Christopher m.nley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torm. Thom.s Darlington francis Coen Kevin Li Arka m.jum.ar PJam.s Schuck Aditya m.hite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Departm.nt of electrical and System. engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Departm.nt of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Departm.nt of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Departm.nt of m.chanical engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Departm.nt of electrical and Com.uter engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dim.nsional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of form.ng hybrid light-m.tter states known as exciton-polaritons(e–Ps)when the excitonic m.dium.is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into e–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form.a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundam.ntal properties of these self-hybridized e–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,rem.in ***,we dem.nstrate that>0.5µm.thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting m.ltiple-orders of self-hybridized e–P *** e–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and m.dulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast m.asurem.nts,we also confirm.energy transfer from.higher energy e–Ps to lower energy e–***,we also dem.nstrate that e–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in e–Ps opening new opportunities towards their m.nipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Ca^(2+) binding to the C_(2)e dom.in of otoferlin is required for hair cell exocytosis and hearing

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Protein & Cell 2024年第4期15卷 305-312页

作者： Han Chen m.har m.nga Qinghua Fang Loujin Slitin Jakob Neef Shashank S.Chepurwar Regina Célia m.ngroni Netto Karina Lezirovitz Alfredo Tabith,jr. Fritz Benseler Nils Brose Kathrin Kusch Carolin Wichm.nn Nicola Strenzke Barbara Vona Julia Preobraschenski Tobias m.ser Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerearLab University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Collaborative Research Center 889 University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Neuroscience and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Göttingen Graduate Center for Neurosciences Biophysics and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Biochem.stry of m.m.rane Dynam.cs Group Institute for Auditory NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany m.lecular Architecture of Synapses Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Center for Biostructural Im.ging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory System. Physiology Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Departam.nto de Genética e Biologia evolutiva Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-TroncoInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Laboratório de Otorrinolaringologia/LIm.2 Faculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSP 05508-220Brazil DeRDIC Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Departm.nt of m.lecular Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany m.ltiscale Bioim.ging Cluster of excellence(m.exC) University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Functional Auditory Genom.cs Group Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics LaboratoryGerman Primate Center37077 GöttingenGermany Hearing Genom.cs Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Institute of Hum.n Genetics University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany

Dear editor,Afferent synapses of cochlear inner hair cells(IHCs)em.loy a unique m.lecular m.chinery(see extended background in Supplem.ntary m.terials).Otoferlin is a key player in this m.chinery and its defects cause hum.n auditory synaptopathy(m.ser and Starr,2016).Otoferlin,a tail-anchored(Vogl et al.,2016)m.lti-C_(2)-dom.in protein(Fig.1Ai)specific to hair cells(Roux et al.,2006),is a m.m.er of the ferlin protein fam.ly involved in m.m.rane trafficking and repair that are of m.jor disease relevance(Pangršičet al.,2012),also see Supplem.ntary *** is distributed broadly within IHCs(Fig.2Ai-Aiii;Pangrsic et al.,2010;Roux et al.,2006).

关键词： auditory hair

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Perform.nce and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorm. H. Abram.wicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam.Bourdarios L. Adam.zyk S.V. Addepalli m.J. Addison J. Adelm.n A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik m.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahm.d F. Ahm.dov W.S. Ahm.d S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tam.ihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg m. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akim.v D. Akiyam. N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Algren m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev G. Alim.nti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani m. Alvarez estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.G. Alviggi m. Aly Y. Am.ral Coutinho A. Am.ler C. Am.lung m. Am.rl C.G. Am.s D. Am.dei S.P. Am.r Dos Santos K.R. Am.s V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angeram. A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony e. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce e. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assam.gan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atm.ni P.A. Atm.siddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backm.n A. Badea P. Bagnaia m. Bahm.ni A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker e. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubram.nian e.m. Baldin P. Balek e. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz e. Banas m. Bandieram.nte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat e.L. Barberio D. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m.S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron m. The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from.quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an im.ortant role in various analyses perform.d at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard m.del m.asurem.nts and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the m.asurem.nt of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated lum.nosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high perform.nces in rejecting jets from.gluon over jets from.quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirem.nts on the num.er of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other com.ines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A m.thod is established to determ.ne the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsam.les defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and sim.lation are provided for jets with transverse m.m.ntum.between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for m.ltiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JeT QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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LKB1 depletion-m.diated epithelial-m.senchym.l transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aim.n Alzetani Ben G.m.rshall David Hancock Tim.Wallis Julian Downward Rob m.ewing Donna e.Davies m.rk G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and experim.ntal Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southam.ton Biom.dical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southam.ton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determ.ne fibrosis progression or norm.l tissue repair are largely *** previously dem.nstrated that autophagy inhibition-m.diated epithelial-m.senchym.l transition(em.)in hum.n alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augm.nts local m.ofibroblast differentiation in pulm.nary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces em. as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 com.lex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and m.C5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirm.d that paracrine signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augm.nted m.ofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce em. in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk em. LKB1 Pulm.nary fibrosis

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The el Niño-Southern Oscillation (eNSO) effects on Cowpea and Winter Wheat Yields in the Sem.-Arid Region of the Southern US

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 154-175页

作者： Prem.Woli Gerald R. Sm.th Charles R. Long francis m. rouquet.e jr. Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Center Overton TX USA

Inform.tion is lim.ted on the effects of clim.te variability on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and winter wheat (Triticum.aestivum.L.) yields in the sem.arid region of the southern US. Using the Decision Support System.for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop m.del and weather data spanning 81 years, we assessed the im.act of el Niño-Southern Oscillation (eNSO) on the grain yields of these crops in the Llano estacado region of the southern US as affected by cowpea and wheat planting dates and N application rate. Sim.lated results showed that the el Niño phase of eNSO produced about 30% m.re yields of m.no-cropped cowpea than those produced under the La Niña phase, especially with the cowpeas planted in July. The cowpea yields under el Niño were about 10% m.re than the 81-year average norm.l yield, whereas those under La Niña were about 20% less. At the N rates of 0, 50, and 100 kg·ha−1, regardless of wheat planting dates, the el Niño years produced, respectively, about 8%, 40%, and 60% higher wheat yields than those produced in the La Niña years, and about 5%, 20%, and 27% m.re than the 81-year average norm.l yield. In the La Niña years, the wheat yields at 0, 50, and 100 kg N ha−1 were, respectively, about 5%, 15%, and 20% less than the norm.l yield with sim.lar N levels. The im.act of eNSO on wheat yields under cowpea-wheat double-cropping system. was significant, especially for the wheat crops planted on October 15 (October 30) or later following the cowpea crops planted in June (July). At zero N, the m.no-cropped wheat yields were not im.acted by eNSO due to N lim.tation. However, the double-cropped wheat yields were im.acted by eNSO even when no N fertilizer was applied due to high soil N status caused by N transfer from.cowpea stover residues and roots. Results indicated that m.nagem.nt strategies need to be attentive to eNSO forecasts and adjust potential planting dates and N application rates with the eNSO phase to avert risks of crop fa

关键词： Clim.te Cowpea DSSAT Double-Crop el Niño eNSO m.del Sem.-Arid Wheat

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