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Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value of Agro-Industrial By-Products in Ruminant Nutrition

2007年

作者： francis D. k. Ching

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2017年第1期7卷 8-18页

作者： Eyob Haile francis k. Njonge Goitom Asgedom Mathew Gicheha Department of Animal Sciences Hamelmalo Agricultural College Keren Eritrea Department of Animal Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

This study was carried out to determine the chemical composition and in situ degradability of agro-industrial by-products found in Eritrea. Three categories of by-products were evaluated and were the milling industry (wheat bran;WB, short;WS, and middling;WM), brewery (brewers’ dry grain;BDG, hops;BDH, and yeast;BDY) and sesame cakes (sesame cake machine extracted;SCM and manually extracted;SCT). The dry matter (DM) varied between 88.46% in BDY to 92.39% in SCT. The lowest (P kg DM with the BDH recording the lowest value (P The sesame cakes (SCM and SCT) recorded higher values of 11.17 and 11.18 MJ per kg DM respectively. The SCT recorded the highest ash content at 10.93% followed by BDY at 10.16% with the least being obtained from WM at 2.48%. The ether extract and acid detergent lignin contents were generally low in all cases for all the by-products. Generally, the results indicated that there was no clear pattern in terms of nutrients content amongst the by-products. The in situ DM, organic matter (OM) and CP degradability differed amongst and within the sesame cakes, milling and brewery by-products. The wide variation in chemical composition, DM, OM, CP degradability, and ME obtained from this study offer farmers huge flexibility in formulating rations according to the productive performance of target animals.

关键词： Chemical Composition Nutritional Value Agro-Industrial By-Products

Determining Nutritive Value of Cereal Crop Residues and Lentil (<i>Lens esculanta</i>) Straw for Ruminants

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2017年第1期7卷 19-29页

作者： Eyob Haile Mathew Gicheha francis k. Njonge Goitom Asgedom Department of Animal Sciences Hamelmalo Agricultural College Keren Eritrea Department of Animal Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The chemical composition and in situ dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) degradability of seven different cereal crop residues were evaluated in this study. They included the Sorghum stovers (SS) and its threshed head residues (STH), millet stovers (MS) and its threshed head residues (MTH), corn stover (CS), wheat (WS) and barley (BS) straws. A legume crop residue (lentil, Lens esculanta, straw;LS) was included for comparison with the cereal crop residues. The CS was high (P crude protein (CP) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) and the lowest (P < 0.05) in Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) when compared to the amounts in SS and MS. It was found out that LS had higher (P < 0.05) CP, ADL, ME and low (P < 0.05) NDF and ADF than the cereal crop residues. There were differences in digestible DM (DMD) at various incubation times both between and within the feed samples. The DM and OM a, c fraction were highest (P < 0.05) for LS when compared to all the cop residues evaluated. The BS and MS had the lowest effective degradability (ED) DM at 0.02 and 0.05 (P < 0.05) rates of passage, while the LS had the highest. The chemical composition and degradability of different crop residues found in Eritrea indicate the potential the residues have in supplementing grazing animals.

关键词： Cereal Crop Residues Chemical Composition Degradability Nutritive Value

Quasi-Degenerate Neutrino Masses with Normal and Inverted Hierarchy

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Journal of Modern Physics 2011年第11期2卷 1280-1284页

作者： Ng. k. francis N. Nimai Singh 不详

The effects of CP-phases on the three absolute quasi-degenerate Majorana neutrino (QDN) masses are studied with neutrino mass matrices obeying μ – τ symmetry for normal as well as inverted hierarchical mass patterns. We have made further investigations on 1) the prediction of solar mixing angle which lies below tri-bimaximal mixing value in consistent with neutrino oscillation observational data, 2) the prediction on absolute neutrino mass parameter (mee) in 0νββ decay, and 3) cosmological bound on the sum of the three absolute neutrino masses . The numerical analysis is carried out through the parameterization of neutrino mass matrices using only two unknown parameters (ε, η) within μ – τ symmetry. The results show the validity of QDN mass models in both normal and inverted hierarchical patterns. These models are far from discrimination and hence not yet ruled out. The results presented in this article are new and have subtle ef- fects in the discrimination of neutrino mass models.

关键词： QDN Models Absolute Neutrino Masses CP-Phases

Paddy Leaf Disease Detection Using an Optimized Deep Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 1117-1128页

作者： Shankaranarayanan Nalini Nagappan krishnaraj Thangaiyan Jayasankar kalimuthu Vinothkumar Antony Sagai francis Britto kamalraj Subramaniam Chokkaligam Bharatiraja Department of Computer Science&Engineering University College of EngineeringBIT CampusAnna UniversityTiruchirappalli620024India School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering University College of EngineeringBIT CampusAnna UniversityTiruchirappalli620024India Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering SSM Institute of Engineering and TechnologyDindigul624002India Department of Mechanical Engineering Rohini College of Engineering and TechnologyPalkulam629401India Department of ECE Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore641021India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai603203India

Precision Agriculture is a concept of farm management which makes use of IoT and networking concepts to improve the *** diseases are one of the underlying causes in the decrease in the number of quantity and quality of the farming *** of diseases from the plant images is an active research topic which makes use of machine learning(ML)approaches.A novel deep neural network(DNN)classification model is proposed for the identification of paddy leaf disease using plant image *** errors were minimized by optimizing weights and biases in the DNN model using a crow search algorithm(CSA)during both the standard pre-training and fine-tuning *** DNN-CSA architecture enables the use of simplistic statistical learning techniques with a decreased computational workload,ensuring high classification *** leaf images were first preprocessed,and the areas indicative of disease were initially extracted using a k-means clustering *** was then applied to eliminate regions not indicative of ***,a set of features were extracted from the previously isolated diseased ***,the classification accuracy and efficiency of the proposed DNN-CSA model were verified experimentally and shown to be superior to a support vector machine with multiple cross-fold validations.

关键词： Leaf classification paddy leaf deep learning metaheuristics optimization crow search algorithm

Effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第31期11卷 4865-4868页

作者： Wai k Leung francis kL Chan Sara SL Fung Mei-Yin Wong Joseph JY Sung Digestive Diseases Center

AIM： To determine the effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy. METHODS： Consecutive patients who underwent capsule endoscopy during the 16-mo study period were either given 250 mg oral erythromycin, 1 h prior to swallowing the capsule endoscope or nothing. The gastric and small bowel transit time, and the small bowel image quality were compared. RESULTS： Twenty-four patients received oral erythromycin whereas 14 patients were not given any prokinetic agent. Patients who received erythromycin had a significantly lower gastric transit time than control （16 min vs70 min, P= 0.005）, whereas the small bowel transit time was comparable between the two groups （227 rain vs 183 min, P= 0.18）. Incomplete small bowel examination was found in three patients of the control group and in one patient of the erythromycin group. There was no significant difference in the overall quality of small bowel images between the two groups. A marked reduction in gastric transit time was noted in two patients who had repeat capsule endoscopy after oral erythromycin. CONCLUSION： Use of oral erythromycin significantly reduces the gastric transit time of capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Erythromycin Prokinetic

Sequence assembly using next generation sequencing data —challenges and solutions

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2014年第11期57卷 1140-1148页

作者： CHIN francis Y.L. LEUNG Henry C.M. YIU S.M. Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong

Sequence assembling is an important step for bioinformatics *** the help of next generation sequencing(NGS)technology,high throughput DNA fragment(reads)can be randomly sampled from DNA or RNA molecular ***,as the positions of reads being sampled are unknown,assembling process is required for combining overlapped reads to reconstruct the original DNA or RNA *** with traditional Sanger sequencing methods,although the throughput of NGS reads increases,the read length is shorter and the error rate is *** introduces several problems in ***,paired-end reads instead of single-end reads can be sampled which contain more *** existing assemblers cannot fully utilize this information and fails to assemble longer *** this article,we will revisit the major problems of assembling NGS reads on genomic,transcriptomic,metagenomic and metatranscriptomic *** will also describe our IDBA package for solving these *** package has adopted several novel ideas in assembling,including using multiple k,local assembling and progressive depth *** with existence assemblers,IDBA has better performance on many simulated and real sequencing datasets.

关键词： genomic assembling de Bruijn graph paired-end reads next generation sequencing

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Free Convective Flow past an Infinite Vertical Porous Plate with Joule Heating

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第5期4卷 825-833页

作者： Sigey k. Johana Okelo A. Jeconia Gatheri k. francis Ngesa O. Joel Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya School of Mathematics and Statistics The Kenya Polytechnic University College Nairobi Kenya

This work addresses the problem of Magnetohydrodynamic laminar unsteady flow of an incompressible electrically conducting fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate. It investigates how joule heating affects the velocity and temperature profiles of the fluid flow subjected to transverse magnetic field. The research examines specific equations of MHD flow which are solved numerically by finite difference approximations, using computer programme. The numerical results of this study reveal that an increase in joules heating parameter causes an increase in the velocity and temperature profiles uniformly near the plate but remain constantly distributed away from the plate, implying that the flow field of the MHD free convective flow is influenced substantially by the strength of Joules heating near the wall of the plate and at the mainstream.

关键词： Incompressible Flow Electrically Conducting Joule Heating

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Design drawing

Characterization of Woody Vegetation in Different Land Uses in the Commune of Coubalan (Bignona Department, Senegal)

2011年

作者： francis D.k. Ching with Steve Juroszek.

ISBN: (数字)9781118007372

ISBN: (纸本)9780470533697

Author and architecture educator Frank D.k. Ching shares his unique command of the visual language in this revised guide to drawing principles and techniques. Design Drawing is a comprehensive introduction to drawing and moreits innovative book-plus-CD-ROM package sheds new light on the relationship between perception, drawing, and design. He unmasks the basic cognitive processes that drive visual perception and expression, incorporating observation, memory, and rendering into a creative whole. Showing how to apply "visual thinking" as a versatile tool for approaching design projects, this revised edition covers the integration of digital rendering. The companion CD-ROM has been revised with 12 new modules, and an easy-to-use interface.

关键词： Technique. Architectural drawing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1343-1359页

作者： francis Artur Gomez Ismaïla Coly Arfang Ousmane kémo Goudiaby Mohamed Ndao Agroforestry and Ecology Laboratory (LAFE) Department of Agroforestry Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal

Woody vegetation provides a number of ecosystem services, including soil protection, carbon sequestration and oxygen production. Despite its important role in maintaining ecological balance, woody vegetation is currently undergoing continuous degradation due to climatic hazards and anthropogenic actions. As a result, it is essential to gather information for the sustainable and rational management of woody formations. It is with this in mind that this study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the state of woody vegetation in the different land-use types in Basse Casamance. To this end, stratified random sampling of woody vegetation was carried out in the different land-use types (fields, fallow land and forests) of the Coubalan commune. The sampling unit for fields and fallows was a 2500 m2 plot, and for forests was a 900 m2 plot. A total of 53 species, divided into 48 genera belonging to 22 families, were inventoried in the commune. Structural parameters were higher in the forest, with 1321.3 ± 635.8 individuals/ha, 13.09 ± 0.1 m2 and 79.25% ± 21.08% respectively for observed density, basal area and cover rate. As for dendrometric parameters, they are higher in the fields, with 20.4 ± 13.6 cm and 7.4 ± 3.8 m respectively for trunk diameter and woody height. Fallow land is characterized by species with low dendrometric parameters. These results provide a useful database for rational management of the various land-use types in the commune of Coubalan.

关键词： Lower Casamance Forest Fallow Field Woody Vegetation