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Modula.ion of the in vitro Oxida.ive Stress a.d Erythrocyte Cell Membra.e Integrity Using a.ueous, Hydroetha.olic a.d Etha.olic Stem-Ba.ks Extra.ts of Greenwa.odendron sua.eolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc

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Pha.ma.ology & Pha.ma.y 2024年第3期15卷 39-61页

作者： Pa.rick Hervé Diboue Betote Mousta.ha.Ga.bo a.doula.e francis Ngolsou Esther Del Florence Ndedi Moni a.eline Sa.ine Fa.ta.Ya.a.g Fidel Ca.tro La. Weyepe Ga.riel a. a.bor Nga.Nna.ga.Ma.imilienne a.cension Nyegue La.ora.ory of Pha.ma.ology a.d Drugs Discovery Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon La.ora.ory of Microbiology Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Multidisciplina.y La.ora.ory Department of Galenical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Law Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Depa.tment of Physicochemica. a.d Pha.ma.eutica. Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Depa.tment of Pha.ma.eutica. a.d Biologica. Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon La.ora.ory of Pha.ma.eutica. Technology Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon

Pneumonia. a.respira.ory infection induces a.ute or chronic infla.ma.ion, cha.a.terized by increa.ed a.tivity of lymphocytes a.d neutrophils, thus genera.ing oxygen-free ra.ica.s tha. decrea.e the endogenous a.tioxida.ts defence system. The a.m of this experimenta. study focused on the ca.a.ity of nontoxic a.ueous, hydroetha.olic a.d etha.olic extra.ts of Greenwa.odendron sua.eolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. subsp. sua.eolens to regula.e free rea.tive species a.d protein infla.ma.ion genera.ed by infectious disea.e. The phytochemica. screenings of G. sua.eolens extra.ts were ca.ried out a.cording to precipita.ion a.d colorimetric methods. The tota. a.tioxida.t a.d fla.onoid contents were determined by the Folin-Cioca.teu a.d a.uminium Chloride etha.olic methods. The efficiency of G. sua.eolens extra.ts on free ra.ica.s wa. eva.ua.ed using DPPH•, a.TS+•, a.d FRa. methods. The a.ti-infla.ma.ory properties of extra.ts were eva.ua.ed a.cording to in vitro protein (BSa. dena.ura.ion, Proteina.e Inhibitory a.tion, a.d Red Blood Cell Membra.e sta.iliza.ion a.sa.s. The G. sua.eolens a.ueous, hydroetha.olic a.d etha.olic extra.ts were used for the a.ute toxicity a.sessment a.cording to the OECD protocol. The obta.ned results showed the presence of fla.onoids, phenols, polyphenols, ta.nins, a.thocya.ins, a.ka.oids, terpenoids, a.d sterols a. seconda.y meta.olites fa.ilies in G. sua.eolens extra.ts. The highest contents of tota. a.tioxida.ts a.d fla.onoids were highlighted in the hydroetha.olic extra.t. However, it’s the G. sua.eolens a.ueous extra.t tha. showed the best free ra.ica. DPPH• a.d a.TS+• sca.enging a.tivities (SC50) of 11.06 μg/mL a.d 15.16 μg/mL respectively. The highest ferric-reducing a.tivity wa. found in G. sua.eolens etha.olic extra.t with 866.23 μg EGa.mg of dry weight. The hydroetha.olic extra.t ha. shown a.high a.ti-infla.ma.ory a.tivity through BSa.dena.ura.ion a.d erythrocyte membra.e ha.molysis with i

关键词： Greenwa.odendron sua.eolens Seconda.y Meta.olites Oxida.ive Stress a.tioxida.t a.tivity a.ti-Infla.ma.ory Properties a.d Ora. a.ute Toxicity

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Sea.ona. Sodium Percenta.e (%Na., a.sorption Ra.io (Sa.) a.d Irriga.ion Wa.er Qua.ity Index (IWQI) Determina.ion for Irriga.ion Purposes a.ong River Ethiope, Southern Nigeria

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Journa. of Wa.er Resource a.d Protection 2024年第7期16卷 523-537页

作者： Ochuko Ushurhe Fa.ous Oza.or Wekpe Vremudia.Onyea.a.a.Obisesa. a.ekunle Ifuwe Chineme Christa.el Dibosa.francis Chike Depa.tment of Environmenta. Ma.a.ement a.d Toxicology Dennis Osadebay University Asaba Nigeria School of Environment Geography and Geosciences University of Portsmouth Portsmouth United Kingdom Ma.isel Tra.ing a.d Construction Compa.y Limited Portharcourt Nigeria Depa.tment of Surveying a.d Geo-Informa.ics Dennis Osadebay University Asaba Nigeria Depa.tment of Urba. a.d Regiona. Pla.ning Dennis Osadebay University Anwai Asaba Nigeria

The improvement of a.riculture through irriga.ion fa.ming is now of grea. need in the country Nigeria.a.d Delta.Sta.e. The country is going through a.pha.e of fa.ine a.d food insecurity ca.sed by clima.e cha.ge a.d ra.n dependent a.ricultura. pra.tices. The a.m of the study therefore, wa. to eva.ua.e the qua.ity of wa.er from River Ethiope in Southern Nigeria.for irriga.ion a.riculture purposes using the percenta.e sodium (%Na., sodium-a.sorption ra.io (Sa.) a.d irriga.ion-wa.er qua.ity index (IWQ1) techniques. The study deployed the experimenta. design a.d wa.er sa.ples were collected from different segments of the Ethiope River. a.tota. of 144 wa.er sa.ples were collected a.d a.a.ysed for physicochemica. pa.a.eters qua.ity (EC, HCO3, Cl−, Na., Mg2+, Ca.+ a.d K+) from Ja.ua.y to December, 2022. The results showed tha. a.l the ca.cula.ed va.ues for %Na.were within the cla.sified ra.ing of 20 a.d 60 a.≤ 80;while Sa. were within the ra.ge of 0 a. ≤ 10. The recorded va.ues of IWQI were within the ra.ge of 70 - 55 a.d 55 - 40. This implies tha. the wa.er is good to doubtful for %Na. excellent for Sa. a.d of modera.e a.d high restrictions for IWQI. Wa.er wa. a.judged to be good for irriga.ion a.tivities, a.d should be a.plica.le in a.ea. with modera.e a.d high soil permea.ility. The routine testing of the wa.er to a.certa.n physicochemica. pa.a.eters qua.ity regula.ly, in order not to a.fect its use for irriga.ion wa. a.ong the recommenda.ions. This finding herein sha.l be of use to Wa.er Resources a.d a.riculture ministries in Nigeria.

关键词： Eva.ua.ion Irriga.ion-a.riculture IWQI River-Ethiope Sa. %Na

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DNa.Ba.coding of Insects a.d Its Direct a.plica.ion for Pla.t Protection

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Open Journa. of a.plied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 676-686页

作者： Peter Qua.da.or Iddrisu Ya.a.a.francis Kusi Issa. Sugri Julius Yirza.la.a.dul Ka.im a.ha.sa. Jerry a. Nboyine George Y. Ma.a.a.Godwin Opoku Moha.med Mujita.a.Da.uda.a.ieku Ya.a.a.Theophilus Kwa.la.Tengey Rofela.Combey John a.ra.a. CSIR-Sa.a.na.a.ricultura. Resea.ch Institute Tamale Ghana Fa.ulty of a.riculture Food and Consumer Science University for Development Studies Tamale Ghan Depa.tment of Conserva.iona. Biology a.d Entomology School of Biological Sciences University of Cape Coast Ghana

The introduction of inva.ive insect pests a.ross na.iona. borders ha. become a.ma.or concern in crop production. a.cordingly, na.iona. pla.t protection orga.iza.ions a.e cha.lenge to reinforce their monitoring stra.egies, which a.e ha.pered by the weight a.d size of inspection equipment, a. well a. the ta.onomic extensiveness of interrupted species. Moreover, some insect pests tha. impede fa.mer productivity a.d profita.ility a.e difficult for resea.chers to a.dress on time due to a.la.k of a.propria.e pla.t protection mea.ures. Fa.mers’ relia.ce on synthetic pesticides a.d biocontrol a.ents ha. resulted in ma.or economic a.d environmenta. ra.ifica.ions. DNa.ba.coding is a.novel technology tha. ha. the potentia. to improve Integra.ed Pest Ma.a.ement decision-ma.ing, which is dependent on the a.ility to correctly identify pest a.d beneficia. orga.isms. This is due to some na.ura. tra.ts such a. phenology or pesticide susceptibility browbea.en by IPM stra.egies to a.ert pest esta.lishment. Specifica.ly, Deoxyribonucleic a.id (DNa. sequence informa.ion wa. a.plied effectively for the identifica.ion of some micro-orga.isms. This technology, DNa.ba.coding, a.lows for the identifica.ion of insect species by using short, sta.da.dized gene sequences. DNa.ba.coding is ba.ica.ly ba.ed on repea.a.le a.d a.cessible technique tha. a.lows for the mecha.isa.ion or a.toma.ion of species discrimina.ion. This technique bridges the ta.onomic bio-security ga. a.d meets the Interna.iona. Pla.t Protection Convention dia.nostic sta.da.ds for insect identifica.ion. This review therefore discusses DNa.ba.coding a. a.technique for insect pests’ identifica.ion a.d its potentia. a.plica.ion for crop protection.

关键词： DNa.Ba.coding Integra.ed Pest Ma.a.ement Ta.onomy Biosecurity Crop Protection

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Estima.ing the Yield Loss of Winter Whea. from Drought in the United Sta.es Southern Pla.ns Region a. Influenced by El Niño-Southern Oscilla.ion (ENSO)

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a.ricultura. Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1018-1034页

作者： Prem Woli Gera.d R. Smith Cha.les R. Long francis M. Rouquette, Jr. Texa. a.M a.riLife Resea.ch Center Overton USA

Whea. (Triticum a.stivum L.) production is a.ma.or economic a.tivity in most regiona. a.d rura. a.ea. in the Southern Pla.ns, a.semi-a.id region of the United Sta.es. This region is vulnera.le to drought a.d is projected to experience a.drier clima.e in the future. Since the intera.nua. va.ia.ility in clima.e in this region is linked to a. ocea.-a.mospheric phenomenon, ca.led El Niño-Southern Oscilla.ion (ENSO), droughts in this region ma. be a.socia.ed with ENSO. Droughts tha. occur during the critica. growth pha.es of whea. ca. be extremely costly. However, the losses due to a. impending drought ca. be minimized through mitiga.ion mea.ures if it is predicted in a.va.ce. Predicting the yield loss from a. imminent drought is crucia. for sta.eholders. One of the relia.le wa.s for such prediction is using a.pla.t physiology-ba.ed a.ricultura. drought index, such a. a.ricultura. Reference Index for Drought (a.ID). This study developed ENSO pha.e-specific, a.ID-ba.ed models for predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter whea. in this region by a.counting for its phenologica. pha.e-specific sensitivity to drought. The rea.ona.le va.ues of the drought sensitivity coefficients of the yield model for ea.h ENSO pha.e (El Niño, La.Niña. or Neutra.) indica.ed tha. the yield models reflected rea.ona.ly well the phenomena.of wa.er stress decrea.ing the winter whea. yields in this region during different ENSO pha.es. The va.ues of va.ious goodness-of-fit mea.ures used, including the Na.h-Sutcliffe Index (0.54 to 0.67), the Willmott Index (0.82 to 0.89), a.d the percenta.e error (20 to 26), indica.ed tha. the yield models performed fa.rly well a. predicting the ENSO pha.e-specific loss of whea. yields from drought. This yield model ma. be useful for predicting yield loss from drought a.d scheduling irriga.ion a.loca.ion ba.ed on the phenologica. pha.e-specific sensitivity to drought a. impa.ted by ENSO.

关键词： a.ID Drought Drought Index ENSO El Niño Growth-Sta.e Model Phenologica.-Pha.e Prediction Semi-a.id Whea. Yield Loss

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Three-dimensiona.-printed Ni-ba.ed sca.fold design a.celera.es bubble esca.e for a.pere-level a.ka.ine hydrogen evolution rea.tion

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Interdisciplina.y Ma.eria.s 2024年第4期3卷 595-606页

作者： Jingxua. Chen Ga.gwen Fu Yu Tia. Xingchua. Li Mengqi Luo Xia.yu Wei Ting Zha.g Tia. Ga. Cheng Chen Somboon Cha.mchuen Xi Xu Xing Sun Tongle Bu francis Verpoort John Wa.g Zongkui Kou Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of a.va.ced Technology for Ma.eria.s Synthesis a.d Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina Ma.ine New Ma.eria.s a.d Equipment Technology Center Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of TechnologySanyaChina Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Institute of Flexible ElectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina Key la.ora.ory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejia.g Province Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityNingboChina School of a.trona.tics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina Depa.tment of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Na.iona. University of Singa.ore(Chongqing)Resea.ch Institute Chongqing Liang Jiang New AreaChongqingChina

a.ka.ine hydrogen evolution rea.tion(HER)for sca.a.le hydrogen production la.gely hinges on a.dressing the sluggish bubble-involved kinetics on the tra.itiona. Ni-ba.ed electrode,especia.ly for a.pere-level current densities a.d ***,3D-printed Ni-ba.ed sulfide(3DPNS)electrodes with va.ying sca.folds a.e designed a.d *** situ observa.ions a. microscopic levels demonstra.e tha. the bubble esca.e velocity increa.es with the number of hole sides(HS)in the ***,we conduct multiphysics field simula.ions to illustra.e tha. a. the hole sha.es tra.sition from squa.e,penta.on,a.d hexa.on to circle,where a.noticea.le reduction in the bubble-a.ta.hed HS length a.d the pressure ba.a.ce time a.ound the bubbles results in a.decrea.e in bubble size a.d a. a.celera.ion in the ra.e of bubble ***,the 3DPNS electrode with circula. hole configura.tions exhibits the most fa.ora.le HER performa.ce with a. overpotentia. of 297 mV a. the current density of up to 1000 ma.cm^(-2) for 120 *** present study highlights a.sca.a.le a.d effective electrode sca.fold design tha. promotes low-cost a.d low-energy green hydrogen production through the a.pere-level a.ka.ine HER.

关键词： 3D printing a.ka.ine hydrogen evolution rea.tion a.pere-level current densities bubble esca.e hole sides

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a.retrospective epidemiologica. review of ma.illofa.ia. injuries in a.tertia.y ca.e centre in Goa.India

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Chinese Journa. of Tra.ma.ology 2024年第5期27卷 263-271页

作者： Purva.Vija. Sina. Kha.depa.ker Trisha.a.Bha.a.ria.Ferna.des Vika. Dhupa. francis a.ka.a.Omka. a.a.d Shetye Ra.shit Vija. Sina. Kha.depa.ker Goa.Denta. College a.d Hospita. Bambolim 403202GoaIndia

Purpose:Tra.ma.a.counts for the lea.ing ca.se of morbidity a.d morta.ity worldwide in the present da. a.d ma. rightly be ca.led the new pa.demic. The prominent na.ure of the fa.e exposes it to va.ious tra.ma.ic injuries. a.timely, prompt dia.nosis a.ong with employment of correct a.d quick trea.ment grea.ly improves the outcome for these pa.ients. The a.m of this retrospective study wa. to a.a.yse the cha.a.teristics of ma.illofa.ia. injuries over a.***:The da.a.were collected ma.ua.ly from the medica. records of pa.ients who reported to the tertia.y centre from 1 Ja.ua.y 2011 to 31 December 2019. a.l injured pa.ients irrespective of a.e/gender with complete hospita. records of clinica. a.d ra.iogra.hica. dia.nosis of ma.illofa.ia. injuries were included. The demogra.hic da.a. etiology, site a.d type of injury, a.d sea.ona. va.ia.ion were a.a.yzed. Da.a.were ta.ula.ed into 6 a.e groups (0 -7 yea.s, 8 -18 yea.s, 19 -35 yea.s, 36 -40 yea.s, 41 -59 yea.s, a.d > 60 yea.s). Five etiologica. fa.tors, i.e. roa. tra.fic a.cidents, fa.ls, a.sa.lts, sports-rela.ed, a.d occupa.iona. a.cidents, were further eva.ua.ed ba.ed on genders. Fa.ia. injuries were cla.sified into 6 types: pa.fa.ia. fra.tures, ma.dibula. fra.tures (subca.egorized), midfa.e fra.tures (subca.egorized), dentoa.veola. fra.tures, denta. injuries, a.d soft tissue injuries. The monthly a.d sea.ona. va.ia.ion of the injuries wa. a.so cha.ted. Da.a.were expressed a. frequency a.d ***:a.tota. of 10,703 ma.illofa.ia. injuries were included from the tertia.y centre from the period of 2011 -2019, including 8637 ma.es a.d 2066 fema.es, with the highest occurrence in the 19 -35 yea.s a.e group. Roa. tra.fic a.cident wa. the principa. etiologica. fa.tor of ma.illofa.ia. injuries in both genders (80.5%), followed by fa.ls (9.6%), a.sa.lts (8.0%), occupa.iona. a.cidents (1.2%), a.d sporting injuries (0.7%). Midfa.e fra.tures a.counted for 52.5% (5623 fra.tures), followed by ma.dibula. fra.tures (38.

关键词： Ma.illofa.ia. injuries Epidemiology Fra.tures

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Determina.ion of Timer Error a.d Eva.ua.ion of Its Effect on Dose for OB6, Ga.ma.ea. X200 a.d X-Ra. Irra.ia.ors a. the Seconda.y Sta.da.d Dosimetry La.ora.ory in Nigeria

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World Journa. of Nuclea. Science a.d Technology 2024年第2期14卷 118-130页

作者： Olumide Ola.fe a.erele Sa.uel Mofolorunsho Oyeyemi Da.id Ola.a.mi Ola.iyi francis a.ole a.a.a.Ba.idele Musba. a.enira. La.ifa. Ronke Owoa.e Na.iona. Institute of Ra.ia.ion Protection a.d Resea.ch University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Timer error a. well a. its convention is very importa.t for dose a.cura.y during irra.ia.ion. This pa.er determines the timer error of irra.ia.ors a. Seconda.y Sta.da.d Dosimetry La.ora.ory (SSDL) in Nigeria. The irra.ia.ors a.e Cs-137 OB6 irra.ia.or a.d X-ra. irra.ia.ors a. the Protection level SSDL;a.d Co-60 irra.ia.or a. the Thera.y Level SSDL. PTW UNIDOS electrometer a.d LS01 Ioniza.ion cha.ber were used a. the Protection Level to obta.n doses for both Cs-137 OB6 a.d X-ra. irra.ia.ors while a. IBa.fa.mer type ioniza.ion cha.ber a.d a. IBa.DOSE 1 electrometer were used a. the Protection Level SSDL. Single/multiple exposure method a.d gra.hica. method were used in the determina.ion of the timer error for the three irra.ia.ors. The timer error obta.ned for Cs-137 OB6 irra.ia.or wa. 0.48 ± 0.01 s, the timer error for the X-ra. irra.ia.or wa. 0.09 ± 0.01 s while the timer error obta.ned for Ga.ma.ea. X200 wa. 1.21 ± 0.04 s. It wa. observed tha. the timer error is not a.fected by source to detector dista.ce. It wa. a.so observed tha. the timer error of Co-60 Ga.ma.X200 irra.ia.or is increa.ing with the a.e of the ma.hine. Source to detector dista.ce a.d field size do not contribute towa.ds the timer error of the irra.ia.ors. The timer error of the Co-60 Ga.ma.X200 irra.ia.or (the only irra.ia.or a.ong the irra.ia.ors with a.pneuma.ic system) increa.es with the a.e of the irra.ia.or.

关键词： Timer Error Irra.ia.ion SSDL Irra.ia.ors Dose a.cura.y

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Estima.ing the Drought-Induced Yield Loss for Winter Whea. in a.Semi-a.id Region of the Southern United Sta.es Using a.Drought Index

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a.ricultura. Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 812-829页

作者： Prem Woli Qingwu Xue Gera.d R. Smith Cha.les R. Long francis M. Rouquette Jr. Texa. a.M a.riLife Resea.ch Center Overton Texas USA Texa. a.M a.riLife Resea.ch Center Amarillo Texas USA

The economy of most rura. loca.ions in the semi-a.id region of Lla.o Esta.a.o in the southern United Sta.es is predomina.tly ba.ed on a.riculture, prima.ily beef a.d whea. (Triticum a.stivum L.) production. This region is prone to drought a.d is projected to experience a.drier clima.e. Droughts tha. coincide with the critica. phenologica. pha.es of a.crop ca. be rema.ka.ly costly. a.though drought ca.not be prevented, its losses ca. be minimized through mitiga.ion mea.ures if it is predicted in a.va.ce. Predicting yield loss from a. imminent drought is a. importa.t need of sta.eholders. One wa. to fulfill this need is using a. a.ricultura. drought index, such a. the a.ricultura. Reference Index for Drought (a.ID). Being pla.t physiology-ba.ed, a.ID ca. represent drought-yield rela.ionships a.cura.ely. This study developed a. a.ID-ba.ed yield model for predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter whea. in this region by a.counting for its phenologica. pha.e-specific sensitivity to wa.er stress. The rea.ona.le va.ues of the drought sensitivity coefficients of the yield model indica.ed tha. it could reflect the phenomenon of wa.er stress decrea.ing the winter whea. yields in this region rea.ona.ly. The va.ues of the va.ious metrics used to eva.ua.e the model, including Willmott Index (0.86), Na.h-Sutcliffe Index (0.61), a.d percenta.e error (26), indica.ed tha. the yield model performed fa.rly well a. predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter whea.. The yield model ma. be useful for predicting the drought-induced yield loss for winter whea. in the study region a.d scheduling irriga.ion a.loca.ion ba.ed on phenologica. pha.e-specific drought sensitivity.

关键词： a.ID Drought Drought index Growth-sta.e Model Phenologica.-Pha.e Prediction Semi-a.id Whea. Yield

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Identifying Ma.a.ia.Hotspots Regions in Gha.a.Using Ba.esia. Spa.ia. a.d Spa.iotempora. Models

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Infectious Disea.es & Immunity 2024年第2期4卷 69-78页

作者： a.dul-Ka.im Iddrisu Dominic Otoo Gordon Hinneh Ya.ubu Dekongmene Ka.yiri Ka.ima. Ya.ba.Sa.uel Cecilia.Kubio francis Ba.ungna. Dha.i Veriegh Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics a.d Sta.istics University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana Depa.tment of Sta.istica. Service Ghana Statistical ServiceBono RegionSunyani 233Ghana Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics a.d ICT Gambaga College of EducationSunyani 233Ghana Huma. Resources Division University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana Depa.tment of Biologica. Science University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana.

Ba.kground:Ma.a.ia.rema.ns a.significa.t public hea.th concern in Gha.a.with va.ying risk levels a.ross different geogra.hica. *** a.fects millions of people ea.h yea. a.d imposes a.substa.tia. burden on the hea.th ca.e system a.d *** risk estima.ion a.d ma.ping a.e crucia. for effectively a.loca.ing resources a.d implementing ta.geted interventions to identify regions with disea.e *** study a.med to identify regions exhibiting eleva.ed ma.a.ia.risk so tha. public hea.th interventions ca. be implemented,a.d to identify ma.a.ia.risk predictors tha. ca. be controlled a. pa.t of public hea.th interventions for ma.a.ia.***:The da.a.on la.ora.ory-confirmed ma.a.ia.ca.es from 2015 to 2021 were obta.ned from the Gha.a.Hea.th Service a.d Gha.a.Sta.istica. *** studied the spa.ia. a.d spa.iotempora. pa.terns of the rela.ive risk of ma.a.ia.using Ba.esia. spa.ia. a.d spa.iotempora. *** ma.a.ia.risk for ea.h region wa. ma.ped to visua.ly identify regions with ma.a.ia.*** a.d heterogeneity of disea.e risks were esta.lished using correla.ed a.d uncorrela.ed structures via.the conditiona. a.toregressive a.d Ga.ssia. models,*** estima.es from the ma.gina. posterior distribution were estima.ed within the Integra.ed Nested La.la.e a.proxima.ion using the R ***:The spa.ia. model indica.ed a. increa.ed risk of ma.a.ia.in the North Ea.t,Bono Ea.t,a.a.o,Centra.,Upper West,Brong a.a.o,a.ha.ti,a.d Ea.tern *** spa.iotempora. model results highlighted a. eleva.ed ma.a.ia.risk in the North Ea.t,Upper West,Upper Ea.t,Sa.a.na.,Bono Ea.t,Centra.,Bono,a.d a.a.o *** spa.ia. a.d spa.iotempora. models identified the North Ea.t,Upper West,Bono Ea.t,Centra.,a.d a.a.o Regions a. hotspots for ma.a.ia.*** va.ia.ions in risk were evident a.ross regions(H=104.9,Pa.though clima.ic a.d economic fa.tors influenced ma.a.ia.infection,sta.istica. significa.ce wa. not

关键词： Ma.a.ia Disea.e hotspot Ba.esia. modeling Conditiona. a.to-regressive Integra.ed Nested La.la.e a.proxima.ion Spa.ia. a.d spa.iotempora. models

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Usefulness of the Surgica. a.ga. Score to Predict the Occurrence of Ma.or Complica.ions in the Ea.ly Post-Opera.ive Period of Ma.or Surgeries: Experience of Two Second-Ca.egory Hospita.s in Ca.eroon

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Open Journa. of a.esthesiology 2024年第3期14卷 51-65页

作者： Cha.les Emma.uel Toussa.nt Bina. Bikoi francis a.eba.Ndongo Serge Vivier Nga.Nomo Édoua.d Léa.Mekoui Ze Fidèle Bina. Depa.tment of a.esthesia.a.d Intensive Ca.e University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon Ya.unde Mother a.d Child Center Chantal Biya Foundation University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Depa.tment of a.esthesia.a.d Intensive Ca.e Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon

Objective: The Surgica. a.ga. Score (Sa.) is a.tool for intra.pera.ive stra.ifica.ion of the risk of serious complica.ions in the ea.ly postopera.ive period. It va.ies from 0 to 10 points divided into three risk ca.egories (0 to 4 high, 5 to 7 modera.e, 8 to 10 low). The a.m of the study wa. to eva.ua.e its releva.ce in predicting the a.pea.a.ce of these complica.ions. Ma.eria. a.d methods: This descriptive a.d a.a.ytica. study wa. ca.ried out a. the “La.uintinie” Hospita. in Doua.a.a.d a. the Centra. Hospita. in Ya.unde, Ca.eroon. The ma.n da.a.were collected on a.popula.ion of pa.ients over 18 yea.s old a.d recorded on a.survey form. They consisted of va.ia.les of ma.n interest a.d exposure va.ia.les. Univa.ia.e a.d multiva.ia.e sta.istica. a.a.ysis using top-down logistic regression models ma.e it possible to eva.ua.e the a.socia.ion of ea.h va.ia.le of ma.n interest a.d ea.h exposure va.ia.le. The a.socia.ion wa. significa.t a. P Results: Of the 88 pa.ients studied, the Sa. wa. 3 hours. In multiva.ia.e, this link persisted only a.d strongly for the Sa. OR (IC) 0.1 (0.1 - 0.2) a.d p = 000. Conclusion: The study found a.specific a.d powerful link between the Sa. score a.d the occurrence of complica.ions in the ea.ly postopera.ive period, in fa.or of its releva.ce in predicting them.

关键词： Ea.ly Postopera.ive Complica.ions Ma.or Surgeries Surgica. a.ga. Score

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