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Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors in neurological diseases:clinical applications based on preclinical findings

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 16-21页

作者： Marika Alborghetti Edoardo Bianchini Lanfranco de Carolis Silvia Galli francesco E.Pontieri domiziana Rinaldi Neurology Unit NESMOS DepartmentFaculty of Medicine&PsychologySapienza-University of RomeSant’Andrea University HospitalRomeItaly department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology IRCCS-Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly

Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's *** drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced stages of the *** is also evidence suppo rting the benefit of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,such as mood deflection,cognitive impairment,sleep disturbances,and *** studies indicate that type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors hold a strong neuroprotective potential in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases for reducing oxidative stress and stimulating the production and release of neurotrophic factors,particularly glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,which suppo rt dopaminergic ***,safinamide may interfere with neurodegenerative mechanisms,countera cting excessive glutamate overdrive in basal ganglia motor circuit and reducing death from *** to the dual mechanism of action,the new generation of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,including safinamide,is gaining interest in other neurological pathologies,and many supporting preclinical studies are now *** potential fields of application concern epilepsy,duchenne muscular dystrophy,multiple scle rosis,and above all,ischemic brain *** purpose of this review is to investigate the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide in Parkinson's disease and beyond,focusing on possible future therapeutic applications.

关键词： glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GdNF) glutamate neurological disorders neuroprotection Parkinson's disease preclinical studies rasagiline safinamide selegiline type-B monoamine oxidase(MAO_(B))inhibitors

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Hazelnut mapping detection system using optical and radar remote sensing:Benchmarking machine learning algorithms

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第2期12卷 97-108页

作者： daniele Sasso francesco Lodato Anna Sabatini Giorgio Pennazza Luca Vollero Marco Santonico Mario Merone department of Engineering Research Unit of Computer Systems and BioinformaticsUniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaviaÁlvaro del PortilloRome 00128Italy department of Science and Technology for Sustainable development and One Health Research Unit of Electronics for Sensor SystemsUniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaviaÁlvaro del PortilloRome 00128Italy department of Engineering Research Unit of Electronics for Sensor SystemsUniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaviaÁlvaro del PortilloRome 00128Italy department of Biology University of Naples FedericoⅡNaples 80138Italy

Mapping hazelnut orchards can facilitate land planning and utilization policies,supporting the development of cooperative precision farming *** present work faces the detection of hazelnut crops using optical and radar remote sensing data.A comparative study of Machine Learning techniques is *** system proposed utilizes multi-temporal data from the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 datasets extracted over several years and processed with cloud *** provide a dataset of 62,982 labeled samples,with 16,561 samples belonging to the‘hazelnut’class and 46,421 samples belonging to the‘other’class,collected in 8 heterogeneous geograph-ical areas of the Viterbo *** different comparative tests are conducted:firstly,we use a Nested 5-Fold Cross-Validation methodology to train,optimize,and compare different Machine Learning algorithms on a single *** a second experiment,the algorithms were trained on one area and tested on the remaining seven geo-graphical *** developed study demonstrates how AI analysis applied to Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data is a valid technology for hazelnut *** the results,it emerges that Random Forest is the classifier with the highest generalizability,achieving the best performance in the second test with an accuracy of 96%and an F1 score of 91%for the‘hazelnut’class.

关键词： Remote sensing Crop detection Hazelnut Machine learning Classification

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Stem cell technology for antitumor drug loading and delivery in oncology

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Oncology Research 2024年第3期32卷 433-437页

作者： francesco PETRELLA ENRICO MARIO CASSINA LIdIA LIBRETTI EMANUELE PIRONdINI FEdERICO RAVEGLIA ANTONIO TUORO department of Thoracic Surgery Fondazione IRCCSS an Gerardo dei TintoriMonza20900Italy

The main aim of antineoplastic treatment is to maximize patient benefit by augmenting the drug accumulation within affected organs and tissues,thus incrementing drug effects and,at the same time,reducing the damage of non-involved tissues to cytotoxic *** stromal cells(MSC)represent a group of undifferentiated multipotent cells presenting wide self-renewal features and the capacity to differentiate into an assortment of mesenchymal family *** the last year,they have been proposed as natural carriers for the selective release of antitumor drugs to malignant cll,s thus optimizing cytotoxic action on cancer cll,while significantly reducing adverse side efect on healthy *** chemotherapeutic drug loading and delivery is an encouraging new area of cell therapy for several tumors,especially for those with unsatisfactory prognosis and limited treatment options *** some experim ental models have been sucesfuly developed,phase I dinical studies are needed to confirm this potential application of cell therapy,in particular in the case of primary and secondary lung cancers.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cell drug loading drug delivery Mesothelioma Melanoma Glioblastoma Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Multiple myeloma

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Tribological behavior of shape-specific microplate-enriched synovial fluids on a linear two-axis tribometer

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 539-553页

作者： Agnese FRAGASSI Antonietta GRECO Martina dI francesco Luca CESERACCIU Aiman ABU AMMAR Israel dVIR Thomas Lee MOORE Haytam KASEM Paolo dECUZZI Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine Fondazione Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of GenovaGenoa 16146Italy Materials Characterization Facility Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel department of Mechanical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel

Nano-and micro-particles are being increasingly used to tune interfacial frictional properties in diverse applications,from friction modifiers in industrial lubrication to enhanced biological fluids in human osteoarthritic ***,we assessed the tribological properties of a simulated synovial fluid enriched with non-spherical,poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microparticles(μPL)that have been previously demonstrated for the pharmacological management of osteoarthritis(OA).Three different μPL configurations were fabricated presenting a 20μm×20μm square base and a thickness of 5μm(thin,5H μPL),10μm(10H μPL),and 20μm(cubical,20H μPL).After extensive morphological and physicochemical characterizations,the apparent Young’s modulus of the μPL was quantified under compressive loading returning an average value of~6 kPa,independently of the particle ***,using a linear two-axis tribometer,the static(μ_(s))and dynamic(μ_(d))friction coefficients of the μPL-enriched simulated synovial fluid were determined in terms of particle configuration and concentration,varying from 0(fluid only)to 6×10^(5) μPL/*** particle morphology had a modest influence on friction,possibly because the μPL were fully squeezed between two mating surfaces by a 5.8 N normal load realizing boundary-like lubrication ***,friction was observed to depend on the dimensionless parameterW,defined as the ratio between the total volume of the μPL enriching the simulated synovial fluid and the volume of the fluid *** coefficients of friction were documented to grow withWreaching a plateau of μ_(s)~0.4 and μ_(d)~0.15,already at Ω~2×10^(-3).Future investigations will have to systematically analyze the effect of sliding velocity,normal load,and rigidity of the mating surfaces to elucidate in full the tribological behavior of μPL in the context of osteoarthritis.

关键词： osteoarthritis microparticles tribology synovial fluid pin on plate

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Review and update on the management of triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries in professional athletes

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 110-117页

作者： Valerio Pace francesco Bronzini Giovanni Novello Giuseppe Mosillo Luca Braghiroli department of Trauma and Orthopaedics AOSP TerniTerni 05100Italy department of Trauma and Orthopaedics University of PerugiaPerugia 06100Italy department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Hand UnitAOSP TerniTerni 05100Italy

Triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries are common in amateur and professional *** injuries are mainly caused by acute or chronic repetitive axial loads on the wrist,particularly on the ulnar side and in association with rotations or radial/ulnar *** order to treat professional athletes,a detailed specific knowledge of the pathology is ***,the clinician should fully understand the specific and unique environment and needs of the athletes,their priorities and goals,the type of sport,the time of the season,and the position *** early diagnosis and appropriate management with the quickest possible recovery time are the uppermost goals for both the athlete and the surgeon.A compromise between conservative vs surgical indications,athletes’needs and expectations,and financial implications should be *** procedures should be timely planned when indicated as they could allow early diagnosis and treatment at the same *** measures are often used as first line treatment when *** lesions are treated by arthroscopic repair,whilst central lesions are treated by arthroscopic *** procedures(such as the Wafer procedure,ulnar osteotomies,etc.)have specific indications and great implications with regard to rehabilitation.

关键词： Triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries Professional athletes Ulnar sided wrist pain Wrist arthroscopy Wrist debridement

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Spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics in young leaves reveal cyclic hypoxia in plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 377-394页

作者： Paolo M.Triozzi Luca Brunello Giacomo Novi Gianmarco Ferri francesco Cardarelli Elena Loreti Mariano Perales Pierdomenico Perata PlantLab Center of Plant SciencesSant'Anna School of Advanced Studies56010 PisaItaly Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA-CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon28223 MadridSpain Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza 56017 PisaItaly Laboratorio NEST Scuola Normale SuperioreIstituto Nanoscienze-CNRPiazza S.Silvestro1256127 PisaItaly institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council56124 PisaItaly departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 Madrid.Spain

Oxygen is essential for plant growth and *** occurs in plants due to limited oxygen avail-abilityfollowing adverse environmental conditions as well inhypoxic niches in otherwisenormoxic ***,the existence and functional integration of spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics with plant development remains *** animal systems dynamic fluctuations in oxygen availability are known as cyclic *** this study,we demonstrate that cyclic fluctuations in internal oxygen levels occur in young emerging leaves of Arabidopsis *** hypoxia in plants is based on a mechanism requiring the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS type VII(ERFVII)that are central components of the oxygen-sensing machinery in *** ERFVll-dependent mechanism allows precise adjustment of leaf growth in response to carbon status and oxygen availability within plant *** study thus establishes a functional connection between internal spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics and developmental processes of plants.

关键词： Arabidopsis hypoxia cyclic hypoxia leaf development oxygen-sensing mechanism ERFVII

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Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells:A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode,volume,and intensity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 484-498,F0003页

作者： francesco Bettariga dennis R.Taaffe daniel A.Galvao Chris Bishop Jin-Soo Kim Robert U.Newton Exercise Medicine Research Institute Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia London Sport Institute School of Science and TechnologyMiddlesex UniversityLondonNW44BTUK School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this *** has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer,associated with a lower risk of recur-rence and increased *** avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth,proliferation,and increased apoptosis of cancer cells,including breast,prostate,colorectal,and lung cancer,when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro(i.e.,the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting,which simpliﬁes the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses).The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors,such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines(i.e.,myokines)and ***,exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated,constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical *** date,it remains unclear what role different training modes(i.e.,resistance and aerobic training)as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-condi-tioned serum and its effects on cancer ***,the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects,while for chronic training interventions,exercise volume appears to be an inﬂuential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training *** for future research investigating training modes,volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.

关键词： Cancer cells High intensity interval training Moderate intensity continuous training Resistance training Myokines

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development of deep-learning-based autonomous agents for low-speed maneuvering in Unity

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第3期7卷 229-244页

作者： Riccardo Berta Luca Lazzaroni Alessio Capello Marianna Cossu Luca Forneris Alessandro Pighetti francesco Bellotti Electrical Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture Department(DITEN)University of GenoaGenoa 16145Italy

This study provides a systematic analysis of the resource-consuming training of deep reinforcement-learning (dRL) agents for simulated low-speed automated driving (Ad). In Unity, this study established two case studies: garage parking and navigating an obstacle-dense area. Our analysis involves training a path-planning agent with real-time-only sensor information. This study addresses research questions insufficiently covered in the literature, exploring curriculum learning (CL), agent generalization (knowledge transfer), computation distribution (CPU vs. GPU), and mapless navigation. CL proved necessary for the garage scenario and beneficial for obstacle avoidance. It involved adjustments at different stages, including terminal conditions, environment complexity, and reward function hyperparameters, guided by their evolution in multiple training attempts. Fine-tuning the simulation tick and decision period parameters was crucial for effective training. The abstraction of high-level concepts (e.g., obstacle avoidance) necessitates training the agent in sufficiently complex environments in terms of the number of obstacles. While blogs and forums discuss training machine learning models in Unity, a lack of scientific articles on dRL agents for Ad persists. However, since agent development requires considerable training time and difficult procedures, there is a growing need to support such research through scientific means. In addition to our findings, we contribute to the R&d community by providing our environment with open sources.

关键词： automated driving autonomous agents deep reinforcement learning curriculum learning modeling and simulation

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Selective internal radiation therapy segmentectomy:A new minimally invasive curative option for primary liver malignancies?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2379-2386页

作者： Riccardo Inchingolo francesco Cortese Antonio Rosario Pisani Fabrizio Acquafredda Roberto Calbi Riccardo Memeo Fotis Anagnostopoulos Stavros Spiliopoulos Unit of Interventional Radiology “F.Miulli”Regional General HospitalBari 70021Italy Interdisciplinary department of Medicine Section of Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70121Italy department of Radiology General Regional Hospital“F.Miulli”Acquaviva delle Fonti 70021Italy Unit of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery “F.Miulli”Regional General HospitalBari 70021Italy The Second Radiology department National and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari Athens 12461Greece

Transarterial radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of *** percutaneous technique involves the local,intra-arterial delivery of radioactive microspheres directly into the *** employed as a palliative measure for liver malignancies,SIRT has gained traction over the past decade as a potential curative option,mirroring the increasing role of radiation *** latest update of the BCLC hepatocellular carcinoma guidelines recognizes SIRT as an effective treatment modality comparable to other local ablative methods,particularly well-suited for patients where surgical resection or ablation is not *** segmentectomy is a more selective approach,aiming to deliver high-dose radiation to one to three specific hepatic segments,while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy *** research efforts in radiation segmentectomy should prioritize optimizing radiation dosimetry and refining the technique for super-selective administration of radiospheres within the designated hepatic segments.

关键词： Transarterial radioembolization Selective internal radiation therapy Radiation segmentectomy Hepatocellular carcinoma Primary liver malignancies Personalised dosimetry

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does mesenchymal stem cell’s secretome affect spinal sensory circuits?Implication for pain therapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 181-183页

作者： francesco Ferrini Esri H.Juárez Adalberto Merighi department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQCCanada

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical *** have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their ability to modulate the immune system and favor tissue *** enrich the medium in which they are cultivated with a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles that collectively compose the MSC *** increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest that delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,the medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.

关键词： protective clinical collective

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