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Impact of healthy plant-based diet on abdominal visceral and liver fat contents

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 136-138页

作者： Lucia Pacifico Francesco Massimo Perla Claudio Chiesa Department of Maternal and Child health Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research CouncilRomeItaly

Diet is an important modifiable risk factor for obesity and obesity-related complications,and there has been growing interest in plant-based diets,mainly defined as“vegetarian”diets,which have been associated with a lower prevalence rate of overweight/obesity as well as a lower risk of coronary heart disease,type 2 diabetes,other cardiometabolic diseases,and all-cause mortality(1).Such dietary patterns are also a major determinant of environmental sustainability(1).Of note,however,vegetarian diets can include less healthy plant foods,such as refined grains and sugar-sweetened beverages which have detrimental effects on health(2).

关键词： obesity mortality diseases

Sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a causal relationship

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第2期8卷 144-147页

作者： Lucia Pacifico Francesco Massimo Perla Claudio Chiesa Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research CouncilRomeItaly

Concurrent with the obesity epidemic,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is rapidly becoming the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide(1).NAFLD,particularly its histological phenotype non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),can progress to advanced liver disease,cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and indication for liver transplantation(2).Although remarkable advances have been made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of NAFLD,the exact mechanism of hepatic fat accumulation and the progression to NASH is not fully understood.Thus,in order to reduce the burden associated with these diseases,it is imperative that all major factors that contribute to the development of NAFLD are identified.

关键词： NAFLD becoming exact

Cardiometabolic risk factors in children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2017年第3期6卷 143-148页

作者： Caterina Anania Lucia Pacifico Francesca Olivero Francesco Massimo Perla Claudio Chiesa Policlinico Umberto Ⅰ Hospital Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

Celiac disease(CD) is an immune-mediated systemic condition evoked by gluten and related prolamines in genetically predisposed subjects. It is characterised by a variable combination of gluten-dependent clinical symptoms, CDspecific antibodies, HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy. The only therapy of CD consists of a life-long gluten free diet(GFD). Strict GFD adherence results in full clinical, serological and histological remission, avoiding long-term complications in CD patients. However, this diet is not without problems. Gluten free products have high levels of lipids, sugar and salt to improve food palatability and consistency, and subjects with CD show an excessive consumption of hypercaloric and hyperlipidic foods to compensate dietetic restriction. GFD may therefore have a negative impact on cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity, serum lipid levels, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and atherosclerosis. In adults, some studies have suggested that GFD have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular profile, whereas others have shown an atherogenic effect of GFD. In children, very few studies are available on the issue. Thus, the aim of the present narrative review was to analyze the current clinical evidence on the impact of GFD on cardiometabolic risk factors in children with CD.

关键词： Celiac disease Children Gluten free diet Cardiometabolic risk Atherosclerosis

Intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer:A doubleedged sword?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第26期17卷 3092-3100页

作者： Angelamaria Rizzo francesco Pallone Giovanni Monteleone massimo Claudio Fantini Department of Internal Medicine University of Rome "Tor Vergata"

Chronic inflammation is thought to be the leading cause of many human cancers including colorectal cancer(CRC).Accordingly,epidemiologic and clinical studies indicate that patients affected by ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease,the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease,have an increased risk of developing CRC.In recent years,the role of immune cells and their products have been shown to be pivotal in initiation and progression of colitis-associated CRC.On the other hand,activation of the immune system has been shown to cause dysplastic cell elimination and cancer suppression in other settings.Clinical and experimental data herein reviewed,while confirming chronic inflammation as a risk factor for colon carcinogenesis,do not completely rule out the possibility that under certain conditions the chronic activation of the mucosal immune system might protect from colonic dysplasia.

关键词：慢性炎症肠道疾病大肠癌溃疡性结肠炎粘膜免疫系统免疫细胞 CRC 流行病学

The role of histone lysine demethylases in cancer cells’ resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第2期2卷 326-334页

作者： Jasmine Cassar White perla Pucci francesco Crea School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences The Open UniversityWalton HallMilton Keynes MK76AAUK

Current cancer therapies are often associated with treatment failure and reduced patients’survival due to drug resistance.There are various mechanisms involved in the acquisition of cancer drug resistance,including the selection of advantageous mutations,overexpression of transporter proteins and epigenetic alterations.In this context,epigenetic alterations refer to chromatin-mediated regulation of gene expression that results in heritable changes in the cellular phenotype.There is an ever-growing body of evidence suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in bringing about drug resistance in cancer cells.While the relationship between chemotherapy and epigenetics has been widely discussed,emerging evidence indicates that specific epigenetic effectors are also crucial for the development of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).One particular gene that encodes the histone lysine demethylase KDM5A is overexpressed in several cancers.In breast cancer tissues,cells with KDM5A gene amplification were found to be more resistant to erlotinib,an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),when compared to cells without the same amplification.KDM5A was also shown to mediate resistance to a second EGFR inhibitor called gefitinib,in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cell lines.This evidence indicates that KDM5A could activate alternative survival pathways involved in overcoming EGFR inhibition.In line with these results,another histone demethylase(i.e.,KDM1A)promotes liver cancer cells’resistance to the TKI sorafenib.Current evidence provides a suitable rationale to consider the use of specific KDMs inhibitors to sensitize cells to tyrosine kinase targeted therapies and thus,presents an opportunity to prevent the further development of drug resistance.This review discusses the involvement of histone lysine demethylases in the development of resistance to TKI and highlights the importance to develop new cancer treatment regimens to counteract this phenomenon.

关键词： Epigenetics drug resistance cancer

Accurate electron beam phase-space theory for ionization-injection schemes driven by laser pulses

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 64-79页

作者： Paolo Tomassini francesco massimo Luca Labate Leonida A.Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory INO-CNRPisaItaly ELI-NP MagureleIfovRomania Maison de la Simulation CEAUSR Gif-sur-Yette France 4INFNSect.of PisaPisaltaly

After the introduction of the ionization-injection scheme in laser wake field acceleration and of related high-quality electron beam generation methods,such as two-color and resonant multi-pulse ionization injection(Re MPI),the theory of thermal emittance has been used to predict the beam normalized emittance obtainable with those schemes.We recast and extend such a theory,including both higher order terms in the polynomial laser field expansion and non-polynomial corrections due to the onset of saturation effects on a single cycle.Also,a very accurate model for predicting the cycle-averaged distribution of the extracted electrons,including saturation and multi-process events,is proposed and tested.We show that our theory is very accurate for the selected processes of Kr^(8+→10+) and Ar^(8+→10+),resulting in a maximum error below 1%,even in a deep-saturation regime.The accurate prediction of the beam phase-space can be implemented,for example,in laser-envelope or hybrid particle-in-cell(PIC)/fiuid codes,to correctly mimic the cycle-averaged momentum distribution without the need for resolving the intra-cycle dynamics.We introduce further spatial averaging,obtaining expressions for the whole-beam emittance fitting with simulations in a saturated regime,too.Finally,a PIC simulation for a laser wakefield acceleration injector in the Re MPI configuration is discussed.

关键词： field theory ionization high-quality electron beams ionization injection laser wakefield acceleration laser-plasma acceleration resonant multi-pulse ionization injection tunnel ionization two-color ionization ultraintense laser pulses

Non-invasive evaluation of arrhythmic risk in dilated cardiomyopathy:From imaging to electrocardiographic measures

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World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第7期6卷 562-576页

作者： massimo Iacoviello francesco Monitillo Cardiology Unit and Cardiothoracic Department Policlinico Consorziale University Hospital

Malignant ventricular arrhythmias are a major adverse event and worsen the prognosis of patients affected by ischemic and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.The main parameter currently used to stratify arrhythmic risk and guide decision making towards the implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator is the evaluation of the left ventricular ejection fraction.However,this strategy is characterized by several limitations and consequently additional parameters have been suggested in order to improve arrhythmic risk stratification.The aim of this review is to critically revise the prognostic significance of non-invasive diagnostic tools in order to better stratify the arrhythmic risk prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy patients.

关键词： Dilated cardiomyopathy Major ventricular arrhythmias Prognosis Ventricular repolarization Left ventricular systolic function

Common immunologic mechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease and spondylarthropathies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第20期15卷 2472-2478页

作者： massimo C Fantini francesco Pallone Giovanni Monteleone Department of Internal Medicine University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Rome 00133 Italy

Spondyloarthropathies(SpA) are commonly observed extra-intestinal manifestations of both Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC), the two major forms of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).However, the immunological link between these two clinical entities is still poorly understood.Several lines of evidence indicate that SpA may originate from the relocation to the joints of the immune process primarily induced in the gut.The transfer of the intestinal inflammatory process into the joints implicates that immune cells activated in the gut-draining lymph nodes can localize, at a certain point of the intestinal disease, either into the gut or into the joints.This is indicated by the over-lapping expression of adhesion molecules observed on the surface of intestinal and synovial endothelial cells during inflammation.Moreover bacterial antigens and HLA-B27 expression may be implicated in the reactivation of T cells at the articular level.Finally, accumulating evidence indicates that a T helper 17 cell-mediated immune response may contribute to IBD and IBD-related SpA with a crucial role played by tumor necrosis factor-α in CD and to a lesser extent in UC.

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎免疫机制炎症脊柱鸡传染性法氏囊病肠道疾病血管内皮细胞肿瘤坏死因子

History and evolution of the use of oral mucosa for urethral reconstruction

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第2期4卷 96-101页

作者： Guido Barbagli Sofia Balo francesco Montorsi Salvatore Sansalone massimo Lazzeri Centro Chirurgico Toscano ArezzoItaly Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery University of Tor VergataRomeItaly Department of Urology Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCSClinical and Research HospitalRozzanoItaly

We report here the history and evolution of the use of oral mucosa in reconstructive urethral surgery since it was first used for urethroplasty in 1894.Since that time,many authors have contributed to develop,improve and popularize the use of oral mucosa as a substitute material.Paediatric urologists should be considered pioneers on the use of oral mucosa as they used it to repair primary and failed hypospadias.The use of oral mucosa to repair penile and bulbar urethral strictures was described,for the first time,in 1993.Important evolutions in the technique for harvesting oral mucosa from the cheek were reported in 1996.Today,oral mucosa is considered the gold standard material for any type of anterior urethroplasty in a one-or two-stage repair due to its biological and structural characteristics that make it a highly versatile that is adaptable to any environment required by the reconstructive urethral surgery.As the future approaches,tissue engineering techniques will provide patients with new materials originating from the oral epithelial mucosal cells,which are cultured and expanded into a scaffold.However,the path to reach this ambitious objective is still long and many difficulties must be overcome along the way.

关键词： Oral mucosa Cheek Urethra Urethroplasty Tissue engineering Reconstructive urology