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Maxillofacial and concomitant serious injuries： An eight-year single center experience

Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2017年第1期20卷 4-8页

作者： Fausto Fama Marco Cicciu Alessandro Sindoni Enrico Nastro-Siniscalchi Roberto Falzea Gabriele Cervino francesca polito Francesco De Ponte Maria Gioffre-Florio Department of Human Pathology University Hospital of Messina 98125 Messina Italy Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences Morphological and Functional Images University Hospital of Messina 98125 Messina Italy Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University Hospital of Messina 98125 Messina Italy

OBJECTIVE:Maxillofacial injuries are frequently associated with multiple trauma and can determine functional and aesthetic bad outcomes. The severity of maxillofacial injuries may be considerable and can divert clinicians' attention from other concomitant injuries which is less evident but potentially life-threatening. The aim of this study was to find out the concomitant injuries in patients referred to the Emergency Department (ED) of the University Hospital of Messina (North-East Sicily, Italy) for maxillofacial traumas.;METHODS:We retrospectively evaluated data of 240,833 patients admitted at the ED of the University Hospital of Messina from January 2008 to December 2015 because of maxillofacial injuries leading to hospitalization and surgical treatment. Patients who primarily received treatment care at different institutions, pediatric trauma patients and adult patients who were transferred in accordance with pre-existing agreements in case of paucity of beds were excluded. Finally we included 447 (0.2%) patients over the 8 years. Data were evaluated with emphasis on epidemiology (age, gender, mechanism of trauma), primary survey and abnormalities and pattern of trauma.;RESULTS:The most frequent cause of maxillofacial trauma was road accidents (319 patients, 71.4%), among which motorcycle ones were prevalent. The maxillofacial injured who presented major lesions were 98 patients and minor lesions occurred in 349 patients; 443 (99.1%) patients underwent maxillofacial surgery, immediate or delayed depending on the severity of concomitant injuries (χ = 557.2, p < 0.0001). Five concomitant neglected lesions were found to be associated with severe maxillofacial traumas (χ = 17.13, p < 0.0001 vs minor lesions). All of the neglected lesions occurred in paucisymptomatic patients who showed painless abdomen, no hemodynamic instability, no signs of hematoma of anterior and posterior abdominal wall or other suspicious clinical signs and symptoms.;CONCLUSIONS:Among the pat

关键词： Concomitant lesions Emergency department Maxillofacial injuries Multiple trauma

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Reconfigurable elastomeric graded-index optical elements controlled by light

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 964-972页

作者： Angelo Angelini Federica Pirani francesca Frascella Emiliano Descrovi Department of Applied Science and Technology(DISAT) Politecnico di TorinoC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino IT-10129Italy Center for Sustainable Future Technologies@polito Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaC.so Trento 21Torino IT-10129Italy

In many optical applications,there is an increasing need for dynamically tunable optical elements that are able to shape the wavefront of light‘on demand’.In this work,an elastomeric easy-to-fabricate optical element whose transmission functions can be reversibly phase configured by visible light is *** light responsivity of proper azopolymers incorporated within an elastomeric matrix is exploited to induce a light-controlled graded refractive index(GRIN)distribution within the bulk *** induced refractive index distribution is continuous and conformal to the intensity profile of the illumination at moderate power.A 100mW doubled-frequency Nd:YAG Gaussian beam focused to a 650μm waist is shown to induce a maximum relative refractive index change of~0.4%in the elastomeric matrix,with an approximately parabolic *** restoring characteristics of the elastomeric matrix enable full recovery of the initial homogeneous refractive index distribution within a few seconds when the incident laser is switched *** an exemplary application,the configurable GRIN element is used in a microscope-based imaging system for light control of the effective focal length.

关键词： optical switched index

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