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Which octogenarian patients are at higher risk after cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone disease? A single center cohort study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第24期10卷 8556-8567页

作者： Fabrizio D'Acapito Leonardo Solaini Daniela Di Pietrantonio francesca Tauceri Maria Teresa Mirarchi ElenaAntelmi francesca Flamini Alessio Amato Massimo Framarini Giorgio Ercolani Department of General and Oncologic Surgery Morgagni-Pierantoni HospitalAUSL RomagnaForlì47121Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40126Italy

BACKGROUND Incidence of gallstones in those aged≥80 years is as high as 38%-53%.The decision-making process to select those oldest old patients who could benefit from cholecystectomy is *** To assess the risk of morbidity of the“oldest-old”patients treated with cholecystectomy in order to provide useful data that could help surgeons in the decision-making process leading to surgery in this *** A retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and *** variables were collected and compared between patients who had postoperative complications.A model was created and tested to predict severe postoperative *** The 269 patients were included in the study(193 complicated).The 9.7%of complications were grade 3 or 4 according to the Clavien-Dindo *** levels were lower in patients who did not have any postoperative *** Society of Anesthesiologists scale 4 patients,performing a choledocholithotomy and bilirubin levels were associated with Clavien-Dindo>2 complications(P<0.001).The decision curve analysis showed that the proposed model had a higher net benefit than the treating all/none options between threshold probabilities of 11%and 32%of developing a severe *** Patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists scale 4,higher level of bilirubin and need of choledocholithotomy are at the highest risk of a severely complicated postoperative *** endoscopic or percutaneous treatments should be considered in this subgroup of octogenarians.

关键词： Cholecystitis Gallstones Choledocholithotomy Elderly Post-operative complications

Aberrant Notch signaling in gliomas: a potential landscape of actionable converging targets for combination approach in therapies resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第4期5卷 939-953页

作者： Maria D’Amico francesca De Amicis Department of Pharmacy Health and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia P.BucciRende 87036Italy Health Center University of CalabriaVia P.BucciRende 87036Italy.

The current therapeutic protocols and prognosis of gliomas still depend on clinicopathologic and radiographiccharacteristics. For high-grade gliomas, the standard of care is resection followed by radiotherapy plustemozolomide chemotherapy. However, treatment resistance develops due to different mechanisms, among whichis the dynamic interplay between the tumor and its microenvironment. Different signaling pathways cause theproliferation of so-called glioma stem cells, a minor cancer cell population with stem cell-like characteristics andaggressive phenotype. In the last decades, numerous studies have indicated that Notch is a crucial pathway thatmaintains the characteristics of resistant glioma stem cells. Data obtained from preclinical models indicate thatdownregulation of the Notch pathway could induce multifaceted drug sensitivity, acting on the expression of drugtransporterproteins, inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and shaping the tumor microenvironment. Thisreview provides a brief overview of the published data supporting the roles of Notch in drug resistance anddemonstrates how potential novel strategies targeting Notch could become an efficacious action to improve thetherapy of high-grade glioma to overcome drug resistance.

关键词： Tumor microenvironment notch inhibitors stem cells brain tumors drug resistance

Viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma:From molecular pathways to the role of clinical surveillance and antiviral treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第21期28卷 2251-2281页

作者： Leonardo Stella Francesco Santopaolo Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili francesca Romana Ponziani Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Hepatology UnitFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a global health *** to the high prevalence in low-income countries,hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus infections remain the main risk factors for HCC occurrence,despite the increasing frequencies of non-viral *** addition,hepatitis D virus coinfection increases the oncogenic risk in patients with HBV *** molecular processes underlying HCC development are complex and various,either independent from liver disease etiology or *** reciprocal interlinkage among non-viral and viral risk factors,the damaged cellular microenvironment,the dysregulation of the immune system and the alteration of gutliver-axis are known to participate in liver cancer induction and *** mechanisms and pathways change throughout the natural history of viral hepatitis with the worsening of liver *** high risk of cancer incidence in chronic viral hepatitis infected patients compared to other liver disease etiologies makes it necessary to implement a proper surveillance,both through clinical-biochemical scores and periodic ultrasound *** review aims to outline viral and microenvironmental factors contributing to HCC occurrence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and to point out the importance of surveillance programs recommended by international guidelines to promote early diagnosis of HCC.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis D virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Liver

On the horizon:Hedgehog signaling to heal broken bones

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Bone Research 2022年第1期10卷 20-30页

作者： Stephanie T.Kuwahara Shuwan Liu Andrew Chareunsouk Maxwell Serowoky francesca V.Mariani University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineLos AngelesCA 90033USA

Uncovering the molecular pathways that drive skeletal repair has been an ongoing challenge. Initial efforts have relied on in vitro assays to identify the key signaling pathways that drive cartilage and bone differentiation. While these assays can provide some clues, assessing specific pathways in animal models is critical. Furthermore, definitive proof that a pathway is required for skeletal repair is best provided using genetic tests. Stimulating the Hh(Hedgehog) pathway can promote cartilage and bone differentiation in cell culture assays. In addition, the application of HH protein or various pathway agonists in vivo has a positive influence on bone healing. Until recently, however, genetic proof that the Hh pathway is involved in bone repair has been lacking. Here, we consider both in vitro and in vivo studies that examine the role of Hh in repair and discuss some of the challenges inherent in their interpretation. We also identify needed areas of study considering a new appreciation for the role of cartilage during repair, the variety of cell types that may have differing roles in repair, and the recent availability of powerful lineage tracing techniques. We are optimistic that emerging genetic tools will make it possible to precisely define when and in which cells promoting Hh signaling can best promote skeletal repair, and thus, the clinical potential for targeting the Hh pathway can be realized.

关键词： healing Hedgehog horizon

Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer liver metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第1期28卷 108-122页

作者： Gianluca Rompianesi francesca Pegoraro Carlo DL Ceresa Roberto Montalti Roberto Ivan Troisi Division of Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Minimally Invasive and Robotic SurgeryDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryFederico II University HospitalNaples 80125Italy Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39ESUnited Kingdom Division of Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Minimally Invasive and Robotic SurgeryDepartment of Public HealthFederico II University HospitalNaples 80125Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignancy worldwide,with approximately 50%of patients developing colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM)during the follow-up *** of CRLM is best achieved via a multidisciplinary approach and the diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making process is *** order to optimize patients’survival and quality of life,there are several unsolved challenges which must be *** primarily include a timely diagnosis and the identification of reliable prognostic ***,to allow optimal treatment options,a precision-medicine,personalized approach is *** widespread digitalization of healthcare generates a vast amount of data and together with accessible high-performance computing,artificial intelligence(AI)technologies can be *** increasing diagnostic accuracy,reducing timings and costs,the application of AI could help mitigate the current shortcomings in CRLM *** this review we explore the available evidence of the possible role of AI in all phases of the CRLM natural *** analysis and convolutional neural networks(CNN)which combine computed tomography(CT)images with clinical data have been developed to predict CRLM development in CRC *** models have also proven themselves to perform similarly or better than expert radiologists in detecting CRLM on CT and magnetic resonance scans or identifying them from the noninvasive analysis of patients’exhaled *** application of AI and machine learning(ML)in diagnosing CRLM has also been extended to histopathological examination in order to rapidly and accurately identify CRLM tissue and its different histopathological growth *** and CNN have shown good accuracy in predicting response to chemotherapy,early local tumor progression after ablation treatment,and patient survival after surgical treatment or *** the initial enthusiasm and the accumulating evidence,AI technologies’role i

关键词： Colorectal cancer Liver metastases Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning Neural networks Radiomics

Melatonin,tunneling nanotubes,mesenchymal cells,and tissue regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 760-762页

作者： francesca Luchetti Silvia Carloni Maria G.Nasoni Russel J.Reiter Walter Balduini Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino Carlo BoUrbinoItaly Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy Long School of MedicineUT HealthSan AntonioTXUSA

Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells that reside in many human tissues and *** stem cells are widely used in experimental and clinical regenerative medicine due to their capability to transdifferentiate into various ***,when transplanted,they lose part of their multipotency and immunomodulatory properties,and most of them die after injection into the damaged *** this review,we discuss the potential utility of melatonin in preserving mesenchymal stem cells’survival and function after *** is a pleiotropic molecule regulating critical cell functions including apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and *** is also synthesized in the mitochondria where it reduces oxidative stress,the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and the downstream caspase activation,activates uncoupling proteins,and curtails the proinflammatory *** addition,recent findings showed that melatonin also promotes the formation of tunneling nanotubes and the transfer of mitochondria between cells through the connecting *** mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary cause of mesenchymal stem cells death and senescence and a critical issue for survival after transplantation,we propose that melatonin by favoring mitochondria functionality and their transfer through tunneling nanotubes from healthy to suffering cells could improve mesenchymal stem cellbased therapy in a large number of diseases for which basic and clinical trials are underway.

关键词： brain ischemia cell transplantation melatonin mesenchymal stem cell mitochondria mitochondrial transplantation regenerative therapy senescence tunneling nanotubes

Left abdominal mass with carcinosis:Unusual presentation of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第4期22卷 412-414页

作者： Davide Ciardiello Filomena Urbano Giuseppe Zamboni Nicola Palladino francesca Bazzocchi Paola Parente Oncology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaViale CappucciniSan Giovanni Rotondo 71013Italy Radiology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaViale CappucciniSan Giovanni Rotondo 71013Italy Pathology Unit Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabriavai SempreboniNegrar and University of VeronaNegrar 37024VRItaly Abdominal Surgical Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaViale CappucciniSan Giovanni Rotondo 71013Italy Pathology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaViale CappucciniSan Giovanni Rotondo 71013Italy

Acinar cell carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignant epithelial neoplasm accounting for 1%-2%of all pancreatic exocrine neoplasm,affecting more frequently man with an age between 50 and 70 *** patients present with nonspecific symptoms,which may give rise to difficulties in clinical diagnosis[1].ACC can manifest with diarrhea,weight loss,abdominal pain and,in up to 10%-15%,with lipase hypersecretion syndrome,characterized by elevated lipase production,diffuse subcutaneous fat necrosis and polyarthralgia[1,2].Biliary obstruction and jaundice are infre-quent clinical manifestations,unlike ductal adenocarcinoma,due to pushing rather than infiltrating growth of ACC.

关键词： abdominal clinical elevated

From landslide characterization to nature reserve management:The“Scialimata Grande di Torre Alfina”landslide Geosite(Central Apennines,Italy)

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山地科学学报（英文） 2023年第3期20卷 585-606页

作者： Gianluca TRONTI francesca VERGARI Irene Maria BOLLATI Filippo BELISARIO Maurizio DELMONTE Manuela PELFINI Paola FREDI Earth Sciences Department"Ardito Desio" University La StataleMilan 20133(MI)Italy Monte Rufeno Nature Reserve Acquapendente 01021(VT)Italy Earth Sciences Department University La SapienzaRome 00185(RM)Italy

Italy is characterized by widespread geomorphological instability,among which landslides leave impressive marks on the ***,landslide bodies may represent key sites for thematic and educational itineraries,especially in protected areas,where their management becomes an important *** study focuses on the"Monte Rufeno Nature Reserve"(Central Apennines,Italy),where iconic landslides are ***,the"Scialimata Grande di Torre Alfina"landslide(SGTA)is listed in the regional Geosite *** work aims to propose a multiscale procedure for landslide analysis,in terms of both hazard sources but also educational and geoheritage enhancement opportunities in natural *** performing a Landslide Susceptibility conditional Analysis(LSA)for the reserve territory,attention was focused on the SGTA,to define properly its features and morphodynamics.A multi-disciplinary approach was adopted,by applying both remote sensing(UAV structure from motion,Photointerpretation)and field survey(geomorphological and GPS monitoring).From the LSA,based on drainage density,curvature,and slope triggering factors,the road and trail susceptibility maps were derived,as base tools for future risk assessments and trail paths management within the *** the SGTA scale,the monitoring showed a displacement of up to 23 m during the time interval between 2015 and *** landslide dynamics seem to be driven by alternating dry and extremely wet periods;moreover,leaks from the aqueduct in the detachment area and piping effects through clays may have also decreased the substrate *** SGTA complex influence on the Paglia River valley geometry was also hypothesized,underlining the action of landslide through different spatial scales(on-site and off-site)and on different environment features(sediment connectivity,hydrology).Finally,the SGTA appears highly representative of the geomorphic dynamics within the Nature Reserve(i.e.,scientific value)and it could be

关键词： Landslides Geoheritage Geosites Nature reserves management UAV structure from motion Landslides conditional analyses

Dendritic cell subsets in cancer immunity and tumor antigen sensing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第5期20卷 432-447页

作者： Annalisa Del Prete Valentina Salvil Alessandra Soriani Mattia Laffranchi francesca Sozio Daniela Bosisio Silvano Sozzani Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of BresciaBresciaItaly Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

Dendritic cells(DCs)exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immune *** to their ability to cross-present tumor cell-associated antigens to naïve T cells,DCs are instrumental in the generation of specific T-cell-mediated antitumor effector responses in the control of tumor growth and tumor cell *** an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,DC antitumor functions can,however,be severely *** this review,we focus on the mechanisms of DC capture and activation by tumor cell antigens and the role of the tumor microenvironment in shaping DC functions,taking advantage of recent studies showing the phenotype acquisition,transcriptional state and functional programs revealed by scRNA-seq *** therapeutic potential of DC-mediated tumor antigen sensing in priming antitumor immunity is also discussed.

关键词： Dendritic cell subsets Tumor microenvironment Migration Innate immune sensing Immune cell death Tumor-derived extracellularvesicles