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Fekete-Gauss Spectral Elements for Incompressible Navier-Stokes Flows:The Two-Dimensional Case

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第5期13卷 1309-1329页

作者： Laura Lazar Richard Pasquetti francesca Rapetti Lab.J.A.Dieudonne UMR 7351 CNRS UNSUniversite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis06108 Nice Cedex 02France

Spectral element methods on simplicial meshes,say TSEM,show both the advantages of spectral and finite element methods,i.e.,spectral accuracy and geometrical *** present a TSEM solver of the two-dimensional(2D)incompressible Navier-Stokes equations,with possible extension to the 3D *** uses a projection method in time and piecewise polynomial basis functions of arbitrary degree in *** so-called Fekete-Gauss TSEM is employed,i.e.,Fekete(***)points of the triangle are used as interpolation(***)*** the sake of consistency,isoparametric elements are used to approximate curved *** resolution algorithm is based on an efficient Schur complement method,so that one only solves for the element boundary ***,the algebraic system is never assembled,therefore the number of degrees of freedom is not *** accuracy study is carried out and results are provided for classical benchmarks:the driven cavity flow,the flow between eccentric cylinders and the flow past a cylinder.

关键词： Spectral elements simplicial meshes Fekete-Gauss approximation Navier-Stokes equations projection methods domain decomposition

Dual role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in dementia-related neurodegenerative disorders: cargo of disease spreading signals and diagnostic-therapeutic molecules

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 161-177页

作者： francesca Natale Salvatore Fusco Claudio Grassi Department of Neuroscience UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore00168 RomeItaly Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS 00168 RomeItaly.

Neurodegenerative disorders are one of the most common causes of disability and represent 6.3%of the global burden of *** them,Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases cause cognitive decline,representing the most disabling symptom on both personal and social *** molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of dementia are still poorly understood,and include secretory factors potentially affecting differentiated neurons,glial cells and neural stem cell *** the last decade,much attention has been devoted to exosomes as novel carriers of information exchanged among both neighbouring and distant *** vesicles can be generated and internalized by different brain cells including neurons,neural stem cells,astrocytes,and microglia,thereby affecting neural plasticity and cognitive functions in physiological and pathological ***,we review data on the roles of exosomes as carriers of bioactive molecules potentially involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders and detectable in biological fluids as biomarkers of *** also discuss the experimental evidence of the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived vesicles in experimental models of neurodegeneration-dependent cognitive decline.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles Neurodegenerative diseases Stem cells Biomarkers Cognitive decline

Is GDNF to Parkinson’s disease what BDNF is to Huntington’s disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 973-974页

作者： francesca R.Fusco Emanuela Paldino Laboratory of Neuroanatomy Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS HospitalRomeItaly

Neurotrophic factors,or neurotrophins,are a group of molecules supporting the growth,survival,and differentiation of developing and mature *** their role in the survival of neurons,and often of specific subsets of bra... 详细信息

关键词： Huntington supporting degenerative

Does kinship affect spatial organization in a small and isolated population of a solitary felid: The Eurasian lynx?

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第5期11卷 334-349页

作者： Krzysztof SCHMIDT francesca DAVOLI Rafał KOWALCZYK Ettore RANDI Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of SciencesBiałowieżaPoland Laboratory of Genetics Institute for Environmental Protection and ResearchOzzano EmiliaItaly Aalborg University Department of BiotechnologyChemistry and Environmental EngineeringAalborgDenmark

Social organization in wild carnivores is mostly determined by patterns of family bonds,which may shape the degree of relatedness among individuals in the *** studied kinship in a small and isolated population of a solitary carnivore,the Eurasian lynx(Lynx lynx)to evaluate its effect on spatial distribution of *** investigated the relationship between spatial location and pair-wise kinship among 28 lynx individuals identified in 2004-2011 by telemetry,non-invasive sampling and genotyping with the use of 12 autosomal microsatellites in the Białowieża Primeval Forest,*** average relatedness of the lynx population was relatively low(Lynch and Ritland’s R=0.03).Females were significantly more related to each other than males with other *** inferred pedigree showed that the population was dominated by only 2 familial *** did not find significant correlations between the relatedness and the extent of home range overlap or the straight-line distances between the home ranges’central *** results suggest that the dynamics of kinship in this solitary felid may not differ from the random mating processes described in social *** the chances of random mating could be limited to a few resident males and females,the presence of unrelated floaters may provide a“breeding buffer”that may prevent an increase of relatedness and likely inbreeding in the pop*** system is likely to fail in preserving genetic diversity in small,highly isolated populations;therefore,restoring habitat connectivity is crucial to ensure sufficient immigration from neighboring populations.

关键词： genetic variability inbreeding mating system relatedness social organization

Prediction of Weyl semimetal and antiferromagnetic topological insulator phases in Bi_(2)MnSe_(4)

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 867-873页

作者： Sugata Chowdhury Kevin F.Garrity francesca Tavazza Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute for Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Three-dimensional materials with strong spin–orbit coupling and magnetic interactions represent an opportunity to realize a variety of rare and potentially useful topological phases with broken time-reversal *** this work,we use first principles calculations to show that the recently synthesized material Bi_(2)MnSe_(4) displays a combination of spin–orbit-induced band inversion,also observed in non-magnetic topological insulator Bi2PbSe4,with magnetic interactions,leading to several topological *** bulk form,the ferromagnetic phase of Bi_(2)MnSe_(4) has symmetry protected band crossings at the Fermi level,leading to either a nodal line or Weyl semimetal,depending on the direction of the *** to the combination of time reversal symmetry plus a partial translation,the ground state layered antiferromagnetic phase is instead an antiferromagnetic topological *** surface of this phase intrinsically breaks time-reversal symmetry,allowing the observation of the half-integer quantum anomalous Hall ***,we show that in thin film form,for sufficiently thick slabs,Bi_(2)MnSe_(4) becomes a Chern insulator with a band gap of up to 58 *** combination of properties in a stoichiometric magnetic material makes Bi_(2)MnSe_(4) an excellent candidate for displaying robust topological behavior.

关键词： topological insulator symmetry

The epigenetics of autoimmunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 226-236页

作者： francesca Meda Marco Folci Andrea Baccarelli Carlo Selmi Department of Medicine and Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Unit IRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasRozzanoMilanItaly Department of Translational Medicine University of MilanRozzanoMilanItaly Harvard School of Public Health ExposureEpidemiology&Risk ProgramBostonMAUSA

The etiology of autoimmune diseases remains largely *** rates in monozygotic twins are lower than 50% while genome-wide association studies propose numerous significant associations representing only a minority of *** lines of evidence strongly support other complementary mechanisms involved in the regulation of genes expression ultimately causing overt *** in the post-translational modification of histones and DNA methylation are the two major epigenetic mechanisms that may potentially cause a breakdown of immune tolerance and the perpetuation of autoimmune *** recent years,several studies both in clinical settings and experimental models proposed that the epigenome may hold the key to a better understanding of autoimmunity initiation and *** specifically,data support the impact of epigenetic changes in systemic lupus erythematosus,rheumatoid arthritis,multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases,in some cases based on mechanistical *** herein discuss what we currently know and what we expect will come in the next ***,epigenetic treatments already being used in oncology may soon prove beneficial also in autoimmune diseases.

关键词： DNA methylation histone modification microRNA tolerance breakdown

Light and heavy clusters in warm stellar matter

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第12期29卷 89-95页

作者： Helena Pais francesca Gulminelli Constanca Providencia Gerd Ropke CFisUC Department of Physics University of Coimbra3004-516 Coimbra Portugal LPC (CNRS/ENSICAEN/Universite de Caen Normandie) UMR6534 14050 Caen Cedex France Institut f'tir Physik Universitat Rostock 18051 RostockGermany National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI) MoscowRussia 115409

Light and heavy clusters are calculated for warm stellar matter in the framework of relativistic mean-field models, in the single-nucleus approximation. The cluster abundances are determined from the minimization of the free energy. In-medium effects of light cluster properties are included by introducing an explicit binding energy shift analytically calculated in the Thomas–Fermi approximation, and the coupling constants are fixed by imposing that the virial limit at low density is recovered. The resulting light cluster abundances come out to be in reasonable agreement with constraints at higher density coming from heavy-ion collision data. Some comparisons with microscopic calculations are also shown.

关键词：物质温暖簇近似计算 virial 低密度相对论原子核

Treatment of hepatitis C in compensated cirrhotic patients is equally effective before and after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第21期19卷 3255-3262页

作者： francesca Romana Ponziani Eleonora Brigida Annicchiarico Massimo Siciliano francesca D'Aversa Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini UOC Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Policlinico A GemelliCatholic University of Rome00168 RomeItaly

AIM: To investigate differences in tolerability and response to treatment in compensated cirrhotic patients affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection before and after liver transplantation. METHODS: Forty-three HCV non-liver transplanted (LT) cirrhotics (mean age 55 ± 8 years, 65.1% male, Child-Pugh-A, genotype 1-4: 65.1%, 2-3: 34.9%) and 17 LT recipients with recurrent HCV-related cirrhosis (mean age 57 ± 9 years, 88.2% male, Child-Pugh-A, genotype 1-4: 76.5%, 2-3: 23.5%) were included in the analysis from retrospective series. All patients received recombinant or pegylated interferon plus ribavirin at a standard dose and duration. Adverse events were recorded and classified according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. The mean duration of follow-up was of 4.3 ± 1.8 years after the end of the treatment. RESULTS: An early virological response (EVR) was achieved in 30/43 (69.8%) non-LT and in 8/17 (47.1%) LT cirrhotics, a sustained virological response (SVR) in 18/43 (41.9%) and 5/17 (29.4 %), respectively. No sta- tistical difference was observed in EVR and SVR rates between the two groups. Among HCV non-LT cirrhotics, 6/43 (13.9%) discontinued the treatment prematurely, 11.6% of them receiving ≤ 80% of treatment; 8/17 (47%) LT cirrhotics withdrew the treatment, 35.2% of them receiving ≤ 80% of treatment. If compared with LT-ones (P = 0.015), an higher risk of treatment discontinuation could affect LT cirrhotics, who undergo more frequently ≤ 80% of treatment (P = 0.05). None of the non-LT cirrhotics died after the end of the treatment. With no regards to the achievement of SVR, LT cirrhotic patients showed a reduced survival in respect to non-LT ones (87% at 1 year, 76% at 3 and 5 years after the end of treatment).CONCLUSION: HCV antiviral treatment is equally effective in compensated cirrhotics both before and after LT, which patients show a higher risk of premature treatment withdrawal and a reduced survival, independently of the achieveme

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C virus antiviral treatment Liver cirrhosis Liver transplantation Sustained virological response, Efficacy Safety

Reconfigurable elastomeric graded-index optical elements controlled by light

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 964-972页

作者： Angelo Angelini Federica Pirani francesca Frascella Emiliano Descrovi Department of Applied Science and Technology(DISAT) Politecnico di TorinoC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino IT-10129Italy Center for Sustainable Future Technologies@PoliTo Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaC.so Trento 21Torino IT-10129Italy

In many optical applications,there is an increasing need for dynamically tunable optical elements that are able to shape the wavefront of light‘on demand’.In this work,an elastomeric easy-to-fabricate optical element whose transmission functions can be reversibly phase configured by visible light is *** light responsivity of proper azopolymers incorporated within an elastomeric matrix is exploited to induce a light-controlled graded refractive index(GRIN)distribution within the bulk *** induced refractive index distribution is continuous and conformal to the intensity profile of the illumination at moderate power.A 100mW doubled-frequency Nd:YAG Gaussian beam focused to a 650μm waist is shown to induce a maximum relative refractive index change of~0.4%in the elastomeric matrix,with an approximately parabolic *** restoring characteristics of the elastomeric matrix enable full recovery of the initial homogeneous refractive index distribution within a few seconds when the incident laser is switched *** an exemplary application,the configurable GRIN element is used in a microscope-based imaging system for light control of the effective focal length.

关键词： optical switched index