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Next-generation surgicalmeshes for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications:materials,design and emerging manufacturing technologies

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第2期4卷 278-310页

作者： francesca Corduas Dimitrios A.Lamprou Elena Mancuso Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre(NIBEC) Ulster UniversityJordanstown CampusNewtownabbey BT370QBUK School of Pharmacy Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT97BLUK

Surgical meshes have been employed in the management of a variety of pathological conditions including hernia,pelvic floor dysfunctions,periodontal guided bone regeneration,wound healing and more recently for breast plastic surgery after *** common pathologies affect a wide portion of the worldwide population;therefore,an effective and enhanced treatment is crucial to ameliorate patients’living conditions both from medical and aesthetic points of *** present,non-absorbable synthetic polymers are the most widely used class of biomaterials for the manufacturing of mesh implants for hernia,pelvic floor dysfunctions and guided bone regeneration,with polypropylene and poly tetrafluoroethylene being the most *** prostheses,such as surgical grafts,have been employed mainly for breast plastic surgery and wound healing *** the advantages of mesh implants to the treatment of these conditions,there are still many drawbacks,mainly related to the arising of a huge number of post-operative complications,among which infections are the most *** a mesh that could appropriately integrate with the native tissue,promote its healing and constructive remodelling,is the key aim of ongoing research in the area of surgical mesh *** this end,the adoption of new biomaterials including absorbable and natural polymers,the use of drugs and advanced manufacturing technologies,such as 3D printing and electrospinning,are under investigation to address the previously mentioned challenges and improve the outcomes of future clinical *** aim of this work is to review the key advantages and disadvantages related to the use of surgical meshes,the main issues characterizing each clinical procedure and the future directions in terms of both novel manufacturing technologies and latest regulatory considerations.

关键词： 3D printing Electrospinning Manufacturing technologies Biomaterials Drug delivery Surgical mesh implants

What good is the reserve? A translational perspective for the managing of cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1219-1220页

作者： Laura Serra francesca Gelfo Neuroimaging Laboratory IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia Department of Human Sciences Guglielmo Marconi University

The concept of reserve appears in the neurological literature in the 1940s arising from the observation that there is no linear relationship between neurological damage and severity of the clinical ***,this concept sustains that the experiences pursued during life-span enrich the brain by making it more resilient to neuronal ***,in the last three decades the reserve concept has become very popular in the scientific field,mainly associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the Alzheimer’s Disease(AD)(Serra et al.,2018;Stern et al.,2018).

关键词： reserve appears neurological literature reserve concept

Nature can still be the strongest help against aging and neurodegeneration:the sirtuins way

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1271-1272页

作者： David Della-Morte francesca Pacifici Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion San Raffaele Roma Open UniversityIRCCS San Raffaele RomaRomeItaly Department of Neurology and Evelyn F.McKnight Brain Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Unfortunately,ag ing is not a reversible phenomenon and the processes of senescence are ***,the biological effects of aging may be turned back,and with those,it can be reduced risk of all age-related illnesses,such as cardiovascular diseases,cancer,diabetes,and neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and Parkinson’s diseases(PD).In the latest decades,scientists worldwide therefore have developed several strategies,either natural or pharmacological,to counteract aging phenomena,with the final goal to improve human life *** main scientific rationale beyond these strategies focuses on the opportunity to reduce chronic low-grade inflammation(inflammaging),the increase in oxidative stress damage,and the impairment in the immune system,all typical mechanisms of senescence(Verdaguer et al.,2012).

关键词： diseases aging inflammation

Evaluating soil erosion by water in a small alpine catchment in Northern Italy: comparison of empirical models

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第4期40卷 507-524页

作者： francesca Berteni Stefano Barontini Giovanna Grossi DICATAM(Department of Civil EnvironmentalArchitectural Engineering and Mathematics)University of BresciaVia Branze 4325123 BresciaItaly

To quantify water erosion rates and annual soil loss in mountainous areas,two different empirical models were used to estimate the effects of soil erosion in a small mountain basin,the Guerna Creek watershed,located in the Central Southern Alps(Northern Italy).These two models,Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) and Erosion Potential Model(EPM),were implemented in a Geographical Information System,accounting for the geographical,geomorphological,and weather-climate parameters,which are fundamental to evaluating the intensity and variability of the erosive *** characterization was supported by laboratory *** results(computed soil loss of 87 t/ha/year and 11.1 m^(3)/ha/year,using RUSLE equation and EPM method,respectively,and sediment yield of 7.5 m^(3)/ha/year using EPM method) were compared to other studies reported in the literature for different case studies with similar topographic and climatic features,as well as to those provided by the European Soil Data Centre(ESDAC).In both cases,the agreement was satisfactory,showing consistency of the adopted procedures to the parametrization of the physical processes.

关键词： Water erosion Alpine hydrology EPM RUSLE Soil loss Ungauged basin

A review on membrane distillation in process engineering: design and exergy equations, materials and wetting problems

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 592-613页

作者： Stefano Capizzano Mirko Frappa francesca Macedonio Enrico Drioli Institute of Membrane Technology National Research Council of ItalyRende 87036Italy Department of Environmental Engineering University of CalabriaRendeItaly Nanjing Tech University College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing 211816China

One of the problems that most afflicts humanity is the lack of clean *** stress,which is the pressure on the quantity and quality of water resources,exists in many places throughout the *** represents a valid solution to the scarcity of fresh water and several technologies are already well applied and successful(such as reverse osmosis),producing about 100 million m^(3)·d^(-1) of fresh *** advances in the field of desalination can be provided by innovative processes such as membrane *** latter is of particular interest for the treatment of waste currents from conventional desalination processes(for example the retentate of reverse osmosis)as it allows to desalt highly concentrated currents as it is not limited by concentration polarization *** perspectives have enhanced research activities and allowed a deeper understanding of mass and heat transport phenomena,membrane wetting,polarization phenomena and have encouraged the use of materials particularly suitable for membrane distillation *** work summarizes recent developments in the field of membrane distillation,studies for module length optimization,commercial membrane modules developed,recent patents and advancement of membrane material.

关键词： membrane distillation recent developments heat and mass transfer wetting membrane material

Non-toxic, high selectivity process for the extraction of precious metals from waste printed circuit boards

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 65-74页

作者： Giulia Merli Alessandro Becci Alessia Amato francesca Beolchini Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60131Italy

The work presented here focused on the extraction of gold (Au), silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) from electronic waste using a solution of ammonium thiosulfate. Thiosulfate was used as a valid alternative to cyanide for precious metal extractions, due to its non-toxicity and high selectivity. The interactions between sodium thiosulfate, total ammonia/ammonium, precious metal concentrations and the particle size of the waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) were studied by the response surface methodology (RSM) and the principal component analysis (PCA) to maximize precious metal mobilization. Au extraction reached a high efficiency with a granulometry of less than 0.25 mm, but the consumption of reagents was high. On the other hand, Ag extraction depended neither on thiosulfate/ammonia concentration nor granulometry of WPCBs and it showed efficiency of 90% also with the biggest particle size (0.50 < Ø < 1.00 mm). Pd extraction, similarly to Au, showed the best efficiency with the smallest and the medium WPCB sizes, but required less reagents compared to Au. The results showed that precious metal leaching is a complex process (mainly for Au, which requires more severe conditions in order to achieve high extraction efficiencies) correlated with reagent concentrations, precious metal concentrations and WPCB particle sizes. These results have great potentiality, suggesting the possibility of a more selective recovery of precious metals based on the different granulometry of the WPCBs. Furthermore, the high extraction efficiencies obtained for all the metals bode well in the perspective of large-scale applications.

关键词： Thiosulfate Printed circuit boards Precious metals Leaching Hydrometallurgy

Pulmonary administration of functionalized nanoparticles significantly reduces beta-amyloid in the brain of an Alzheimer＇s disease murine model

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2190-2201页

作者： Giulio Sancini Roberta Dal Magro francesca Ornaghi Claudia Balducci Gianluigi Forloni Marco Gobbi Mario Salmona francesca Re Nanomedicine Center School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca via Cadore 48 20900 Monza (MB) Italy Department ofNeuroscience IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri via La Masa 19 20159 Milano Italy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri via La Masa 19 20159 Milano Italy

Treatment options for Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） are limited because of the inability of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier （BBB）. A promising strategy to overcome this obstacle is the use of nanoparticles （NPs）. Previously, we showed that intraperitoneal administration of liposomes functionalized with phosphatidic acid and an ApoE-derived peptide （mApoE-PA-LIP） reduces brain beta-amyloid （A） burden and ameliorates impaired memory in AD mice. Here, we investigated lung administration as an alternative, non-invasive NP delivery route for reaching the brain. Our results show that mApoE-PA-LIP were able to cross the pulmonary epithelium （[C]-PA permeability = 6.5 ＋ 2.0 × 10^4 cm/min） in vitro and reach the brain （up to 0.6 μg PA/g brain） following in vivo intratracheal instillations. Lung administration of mApoE-PA-LIP to AD mice significantly decreased total brain Aβ （-60%; p 〈 0.05） compared to untreated mice. These results suggest that pulmonary administration could be exploited for brain delivery of NPs designed for AD therapy.

关键词： ApoE-derived peptide lung administration nanoparticles Alzheimer's disease liposomes

Hyperkalemia in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: Clinical Use Experience with New Potassium-Binders

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 324-333页

作者： Gennaro Argentino Mario Iorio Alessandra Antonia Mele Andrea Camocardi Enrica Emanuela Cascone Maria Elena Liberti Adelia Sagliocca Andrea Pota Luigi Russo Maria Luisa Sirico Germano Terzini Michele Cavasso Chiara Mennillo francesca Nettuno Raffaele Genualdo Giuseppe Surfaro Lucia Di Micco UOC Nefrologia e Dialisi Ospedale del Mare Naples Italy UOC Chirurgia Generale Ospedale del Mare Naples Italy

Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on maintenance dialysis have a high risk of developing hyperkalemia. In addition to traditional approaches, a new option for the management of patients on dialysis includes the use of a potassium binder, sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC). We evaluated the effect and safety of SZC in patients with chronic PD. Objective: To present a case series that illustrates the real-world use of new potassium-binders in hyperkalemic patients on peritoneal dialysis. Methods: This case series collected 9 patients on PD with baseline potassium values > 5.5 mmol/l and who were treated with SZC 5 g once a day. Data were collected at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 months after initiation of treatment. Results: The median age of patients was 64.5 years and the median duration of observation was 90 ± 5 days. It was observed that median serum potassium decreased (5.8 mmol/l at baseline with a range of 5.8 mmol/L - 6.8 mmol/L versus 4.5 in the third month with a range of 3.6 mmol/L - 5.3 mmol/L) after SZC treatment. Adverse events were observed in 2 (22.2%). The unique adverse event was constipation and presented in 2 patients (22.2%). Constipation was mild and transient during the observation period. No adverse events of special interest were reported. Conclusion: Normokalemia was established and maintained in this series of patients treated with SZC. No episodes of hyper- or hypo-kalemia were observed. SCZ had a good safety profile and was well tolerated over 3 months.

关键词： SZC Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate Hyperkalaemia Peritoneal Dialysis

The phenotypic convergence between microglia and peripheral macrophages during development and neuroinflammation paves the way for new therapeutic perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 635-637页

作者： francesca Grassivaro Gianvito Martino Cinthia Farina Institute of Experimental Neurology Division of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Vita-Salute San Raffaele University MilanItaly

Microglia,the tissue resident macrophages of the brain,are increasingly recognized as key players for central nervous system development and *** are long-lived cells deriving from a transient wave of yolk-sac derived erythro-myeloid progenitors early in *** unique ontology has prompted the search for specific markers to be used for their selective investigation and *** first generation of genomewide expression studies has provided a bundle of transcripts(such as Olfml3,Fcrls,Tmem119,P2ry12,Gpr34,and Siglech)useful to distinguish microglia from peripheral ***,more recent reports have revealed that microglial phenotype is constantly shaped by the microenvironment in a time-,and context-dependent *** this article,we review data that provide additional pieces to this complex scenario and show the existence of unexpected phenotypic convergence between microglia and peripheral macrophages at certain developmental stages and under pathological *** observations suggest that the two cell types act synergically boosting their mutual activities depending on the *** novel information about the biology of microglia and peripheral macrophages sheds new light about their therapeutic potential for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： cell reprogramming cell therapy macrophages microglia neuroinflammation plasticity