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prevalence, Awareness and Risk Factors for Hypertension in Adults Attending a Tertiary Hospital in South-East Nigeria

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2024年第2期14卷 7-24页

作者： Jideuma Egwim Osarieme Omokhua Bede Azudialu Hope Igbonagwam Nkechinyere Oke Uzoma Amajo frances Ugonne Ogunnaya Department of Family Medicine Federal University Teaching Hospital Owerri Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Lagos University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Newark Beth Israel Medical Center Newark NJ USA

Hypertension, a non-communicable disease, is considered a major public health challenge because of its widespread prevalence globally coupled with its huge morbidity and mortality burden, which is largely preventable if early detection and prompt initiation of management are done. Hypertension prevalence is increasing especially in the developing world, despite this, its awareness among the general population is low. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of hypertension among adult attendees of the General Outpatient Clinic of the Federal University Teaching Hospital (FUTH), Owerri, with an assessment of the proportion of hypertensives who were aware of their hypertensive status, and identifying risk factors of hypertension in the study participants. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between October and November 2022 at the General Outpatient Clinic of the FUTH, Owerri. A total of 257 consenting and eligible adult patients made up of 135 males and 122 females, aged 18 years and above, were selected by systematic random sampling method. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 34.6%. The prevalence was higher in females than in males (37.7% vs 31.9%, p = 0.325). Among the hypertensive subjects 56.2% had awareness of their hypertensive status. Following a multiple regression analysis, hypertension was independently associated with age, family history of hypertension, occupation (retirees, traders, farmers and the unemployed), and marital status (being widowed). Hypertension is prevalent in our environment;the prevalence rate from this study is higher than in most studies in our environment, suggesting possibly, a rising burden. The results from the study underscore the need for increased and sustained advocacy for implementation of policies and programs directed at increased detection and management of hypertension in the different population groups such as annual wellness check for employees in the formal sector, largescale dietary and lifes

关键词： Hypertension prevalence Awareness Nigeria

Genetic mapping of QTL for agronomic traits and grain mineral elements in rice

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The Crop Journal 2019年第4期7卷 560-572页

作者： Gwen Iris Descalsota-Empleo Amery Amparado Mary Ann Inabangan-Asilo frances Tesoro James Stangoulis Russell Reinke B.p.Mallikarjuna Swamy Strategic Innovation platform International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Metro Manila 1226 Philippines Department of plant Breeding and Genetics College of Agriculture University of Southern Mindanao Kabacan 9407 Cotabato Philippines College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide 5001 Australia

Malnutrition is one of the prevailing health problems worldwide, affecting a large proportion of the populations in rice-consuming countries. Breeding rice varieties with increased concentrations of elements in the grain is considered the most cost-effective approach to alleviate malnutrition. Development of molecular markers for high grain concentrations of essential elements, particularly Zn, for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS) can hasten breeding efforts to develop rice varieties with nutrient-dense grain. We performed QTL mapping for four agronomic traits: days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of tillers, grain yield, and 13 grain elements: As, B, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, p, and Zn, in two doubled-haploid populations derived from the crosses IR64 × IR69428 and BR29 × IR75862. These populations were phenotyped during 2015DS and 2015WS at IRRI, Los Ba os, The philippines, and genotyped them with a 6 K SNp chip. Inclusive composite interval mapping revealed 15 QTL for agronomic traits and 50 QTL for grain element concentration. Of these, eight QTL showed phenotypic variance of >25% and 11 QTL were consistent across seasons. There were seven QTL co-localization regions containing QTL for more than two traits. Twenty five epistatic interactions were detected for two agronomic traits and seven mineral elements. Several DH lines with high Fe and Zn in polished rice were identified. These lines can be used as donors for breeding high-Zn rice varieties. Some of the major QTL can be further validated and used in MAS to improve the concentrations of nutritive elements in rice grain.

关键词： Rice Quantitative trait loci Biofortification Mineral elements DH Epistasis

New perspectives on cytoskeletal dysregulation and mitochondrial mislocalization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第4期10卷 595-610页

作者： frances Theunissen phillip K.West Samuel Brennan Bojan petrovic Kosar Hooshmand p.Anthony Akkari Matt Keon Boris Guennewig perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science NedlandsWAAustralia Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics Murdoch UniversityMurdochWAAustralia GenieUs Genomics pty Ltd SydneyNSWAustralia Brain and Mind Centre and Central Clinical School Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneyamperdownNSWAustralia Division of Neurology Duke University Medical CentreDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective,early degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal *** neurons have long axonal projections,which rely on the integrity of neuronal cytoskeleton and mitochondria to regulate energy requirements for maintaining axonal stability,anterograde and retrograde transport,and signaling between *** formation of protein aggregates which contain cytoskeletal proteins,and mitochondrial dysfunction both have devastating effects on the function of neurons and are shared pathological features across several neurodegenerative conditions,including ALS,Alzheimer's disease,parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth ***,it is becoming increasingly clear that cytoskeletal integrity and mitochondrial function are intricately ***,dysregulations of the cytoskeletal network and mitochondrial homeostasis and localization,may be common pathways in the initial steps of *** we review and discuss known contributors,including variants in genetic loci and aberrant protein activities,which modify cytoskeletal integrity,axonal transport and mitochondrial localization in ALS and have overlapping features with other neurodegenerative ***,we explore some emerging pathways that may contribute to this disruption in ALS.

关键词： Cytoskeleton Neurofilament Mitochondria Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Neurodegeneration Axonal transport Gut microbiome

Are “Straight to Test” pathways Always Best for patients? A prospective Observational Study of Two-Week-Wait Colorectal Referrals

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Surgical Science 2013年第10期4卷 443-447页

作者： frances Mosley Jon R. Ausobsky John p. Griffith Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford UK Yorkshire and the Humber Deanery Bradford UK

Aim: Many centres have adopted a straight to test approach to deliver a fast-track service for suspected lower GI cancer. We undertook a prospective comparison between patients having a straight to test (STT) flexible sigmoidoscopy and those attending an outpatient appointment (OpA). The study aimed to determine whether STT reduced diagnostic time without additional investigations. Methods: An observational study of 200 consecutive fast-track colorectal referrals was undertaken. Data collected included: patient demographics, whether STT or OpA, investigations undertaken (including dates) and final diagnosis. Outcomes were compared by adjusted linear regression and logistic regression, for numerical and binary outcomes respectively. potential confounding factors included were: age, gender and whether NICE referral criteria were achieved. Results: 186 out of 200 referrals attended their appointment, 62% (116/186) went STT and 38% (70/186) had an OpA. No significant difference was seen in the number of days to final investigation, adjusted coefficient -3.71, 95% C.I. -8.92 to 1.50. The STT group had 0.4 more tests per patient, adjusted 95% C.I. 0.07 to 0.73, than the OpA group. Significantly more patients in the STT group had a flexible sigmoidoscopy in addition to whole colonic imaging (all modalities), compared to the OpA group, adjusted OR of 93.47 (95% C.I. 29.26 to 298.54). Conclusion: This study highlights the potential disadvantages of STT flexible sigmoidoscopy for patients referred under the two-week-rule with suspected lower GI cancer. Despite the previously published work highlighting the potential cost and time benefits, it may come at the sacrifice of exposing patients to additional investigations.

关键词： Colorectal Neoplasms (MeSH) Endoscopy Gastrointestinal (MeSH) Colorectal Surgery (MeSH) 2-Week-Wait Fast-Track Straight to Test (No MeSH Term)

Comparison between acute slices and organotypic slices in development of dentate granule cells in hippocampus of rat

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Comparison between acute slices and organotypic slices in de...

广西高校中、外大学生艾滋病与结核病KAps调查分析

2008北京国际生理科学学术大会

作者： MAZZANTINI Mario EDWARDS frances A Neuroscience physiology and pharmacology University College LondonGower St LondonWC1E 6BTUK

The hippocampal dentate gyrus is one of the few brain regions where neurogenesis occurs in *** recent years,organotypic slices have been widely used to study pharmacology,neurobiology of learning and memory as well as neurogenesis in *** many studies are carried out in organotypic slices,it is essential to establish how connectivity develops over time in organotypic slices and compare it with better characterised preparations such as acute *** has been previously carried out in the CA1 region over the first 3 weeks in vitro(De Simoni,Griesinger & Edwards,*** 550,135-148,2003)and development was shown to be remarkably similar in the two types of slice *** is known however about other regions and to address this question in the dentate gyrus,which is the region of stem cell generation in adult mammals,we compared initially slices from postnatal day 14 rats(p14)rats in acute slices to organotypic slices after 7 d in vitro (DIV7).These stages have been shown to be equivalent in the previous CA1 *** whole-cell patch-clamp, we found that most of the measurable synaptic activity was GABAergic at the cell soma in both *** to estimate the development of excitatory synapses,out in the dendrites,we used confocal microscopy to study morphology,including dendritic geometry and spine *** one week in vitro we found that,in contrast to the CA1 study above,almost all factors measured in organotypic slices were significantly different from the acute ***,in both inhibitory synaptic activity and in density of excitatory synapses,both strengthening and weakening of different aspects of the system was ***,compared with acute slices,organotypic slices had significantly lower frequency but higher amplitude of spontaneous GABAergic synaptic ***,despite lower spine density,the dendritic tree in organotypic slices was more complex than that in acute slices,suggesting changes in both

关键词： hippocampus organotypic slice synaptic transmission

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广西高校中、外大学生艾滋病与结核病KAPs调查分析

作者： frances Matu Seekie（玛杜）广西医科大学

学位级别：硕士

目的：本研究旨在了解广西高校中、外大学生艾滋病、结核病认知、态度和行为（knowledge，attitudes，and practices，KAps）的现况，并比较中国学生与外国学生间的差异，以探讨目前广西在校大学生关于艾滋病、结核病这两种传染性疾病... 详细信息

目的：本研究旨在了解广西高校中、外大学生艾滋病、结核病认知、态度和行为（knowledge，attitudes，and practices，KAps）的现况，并比较中国学生与外国学生间的差异，以探讨目前广西在校大学生关于艾滋病、结核病这两种传染性疾病的教育现状，为改进中国艾滋病、结核病的防控策略提供依据，并通过本研究向大学生（尤其是外国留学生）宣传艾滋病、结核病的相关知识，以提高该人群对艾滋病、结核病的认知程度。方法：对广西医科大学、广西大学两所高校的中国学生和外国学生按年级分层随机抽样，以面对面访谈后当场发放、当场回收的方式进行问卷调查。结果：1．问卷调查结果（1）总共611名中、外学生接受问卷调查。调查对象年龄为17-34周岁，其中男生225人（37.0%），女生386人（63.0%）。（2）调查对象中外国学生有308人，占50.4%;中国学生有303人，占49.6%。两所高校的中、外学生的受调查比例相当。（3）调查对象的受教育程度：611名受调查学生中，493人为临床医学专业本科生（80.7%）;56人为非临床专业本科生（9.2%），其中二年级学生占绝大部分，约为80.9%;58人为硕士研究生（9.5%）;4人为博士研究生（0.7%）。（4）调查对象年级分层情况：一年级学生111人（18.2%），二年级学生253人（41.4%），三年级学生118人（19.3%），四年级学生117人（19.1%），五年级学生12人（2.0%）。2.艾滋病/结核病KAps的调查结果（1）外国学生对艾滋病、结核病相关知识的知晓率比中国学生低（pp>0.05）;（3）外国学生与中国学生发生与艾滋病或结核病有关的高危行为比较，两者无显著差异（p>0.05）;但外国学生采取降低艾滋病或结核病感染的措施比例低于中国学生（pp<0.05）。结论：广西中、外在校大学生普遍对艾滋病、结核病相关知识的知晓率不高，建议各高校与疾病预防控制机构联合，对在校大学生进行健康教育，普及艾滋病、结核病相关知识，并以此辐射至社会其他群体。同时，将外国学生作为干预的重点，向他们宣传中国政府对于艾滋病、结核病的预防措施，使其降低发生高危行为的感染风险。

关键词：艾滋病结核病大学生外国学生 KAps

Superior growth performance in broiler chicks fed chelated compared to inorganic zinc in presence of elevated dietary copper

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第4期7卷 561-569页

作者： Junmei Zhao Robert B. Shirley Julia J. Dibner Karen J. Wedekind frances Yan paula Fisher Thomas R. Hampton Joseph L. Evans Mercedes Vazquez-Anon research and development novus international20 Research Park DriveSaint CharlesMO 63304USA current affiliation:poultry technical services adisseo usaAlpharettaGA 30022USA

Background： The goal of this study was to compare the antagonism of elevated dietary Cu （250 mg/kg） from CuS04 on three different Zn sources （ZnS04. H20; [Zn bis（-2-hydroxy-4-（methylthio）butanoic acid）], Zn（HMTBa）2 a chelated Zn methionine hydroxy analogue; and Zn-Methionine）, as measured using multiple indices of animal performance in ROSS 308 broilers. Methods： Three experiments were conducted in broiler chicks fed a semi-purified diet. All birds were fed a Zn-deficient diet （8.5 mg/kg diet） for 1 wk, and then provided with the experimental diets for 2 wks. Results： Experiment 1 was a 2 x 2 factorial design with two levels of Cu （8 vs. 250 mg/kg diet from CuSO4） and two Zn sources at 30 mg/kg [ZnSO4. H20 vs. Zn（HMTBa）2]. Elevated Cu impaired growth performance only in birds fed ZnSO4. Compared to ZnSO4. H20, Zn（HMTBa）2 improved feed intake （12 %; p 〈 0.001） and weight gain （12 %, p 〈 0.001） and the benefits were more pronounced in the presence of 250 mg/kg diet Cu. Experiment 2 was a dose titration of ZnSO4- H20 and Zn（HMTBa）2 at 30, 4,5, 60, and 75 mg/kg diet in the presence of 250 mg/kg CuSO4. Feed：gain was decreased and tibia Zn was increased with increasing Zn levels from 30 to 75 mg/kg. Birds fed Zn（HMTBa）2 consumed more food and gained more weight compared to birds fed ZnSO4, especially at lower supplementation levels （30 and 45 mg/kg; interaction p 〈 0,05）. Experiment 3 compared two organic Zn sources （Zn（HMTBa）2 vs. Zn-Methionine） at 30 mg/kg with or without 250 mg/kg CuSO4. No interactions were observed between Zn sources and Cu levels on performance or tissue mineral concentrations. High dietary Cu decreased weight gain （p 〈 0.01）. Tibia Cu and liver Cu were significantly increased with 250 mg/kg dietary Cu supplementation （p 〈 0.01）. No difference was observed between the two Zn sources. Conclusions： Dietary 250 mg/kg Cu significantly impaired feed intake and weight gain in birds fed ZnSO4. H20, but had less impact in birds fed Zn（HMTBa）2. No difference

关键词： Antagonism Broilers Chelates Growth MineraLs Organic performance

population Levels of Climate Change Fear in the United States

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American Journal of Climate Change 2021年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： Casey Mace Firebaugh Tara Rava Zolnikov frances Furio Germaine Ng Department of Health Sciences Central Washington University Ellensburg Washington USA National University Department of Community Health San Diego California USA California Southern University School of Behavioral Sciences Costa Mesa California USA University of Washington Bothell Washington USA

There is increasing evidence that climate change, like other natural disasters has the potential for significant human health impacts, including mental health. Fear as a psychological construct concerning climate change is not well understood. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting a demographically representative sample of Americans (n = 546) in terms of ethnicity, age, and gender. Survey questions included demographic information and global questions regarding self-rated anxiety and fear of climate change. Ordinal logistic models were created to determine which demographic factors were most predictive of climate change fear in the US population. Over half of the study sample (50.9%) indicated being moderately or very afraid of climate change. In the end, only three factors remained significant (p ported level of anxiety, political affiliation, and identifying and Hispanic/Latino. Climate change fear is still not understood, especially in terms of its impact on the mental health of the population in general, though prolonged fear can be an antecedent to other mental health disorders. This study had demonstrated that fear of climate change impacts over half of the U.S population. Level of fear differs significantly by demographic. This study has provided evidence that climate change fear impacts a significant proportion of the US population, prompting a need to investigate the potential acute and long-term impacts of this fear on the human psyche. The harms and benefits of the fear response to climate change should be explored as well as potential responses to fear due to climate change.

关键词： Climate Change Mental Health Global Adaption Fear Resiliency

Structure Activity Relationship of Semisynthetic Taxoids Effective Against Sensitive and Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Tumor Cells and Their Molecular Interaction with Tubulins

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Structure Activity Relationship of Semisynthetic Taxoids Eff...