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Different no-till grain production systems with Urochloa *** soil microbial community structure,biomass and activity in a tropical Ultisol

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 119-129页

作者： matheus Emannuel Oliveira Vieira Lucas Dantas Lopes france mario Costa Viviane Talamini Edson Patto Pacheco marcelo Ferreira Fernandes PPGAGRI Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondons/n-49100-000-Sao CristovaoSEBrazil Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Av Govemador Paulo Barreto de Menezesn°3250-49025-040-AracajuSEBrazil

Integrated grain cropping systems promote soil health(SH)and *** biomass and activity(mBA)and community structure(mCS)are key to *** of maize with Urochloa pastures strongly impacts mBA and *** is more sensitive than mCS to shifts in grain cropping *** under continuous Urochloa increased microbial activity and AmF *** soils are prone to *** of conservation agricultural practices is essential to improve soil health,which is influenced by soil *** this study we analyzed shifts in microbial biomass and activity(mBA)and microbial community structure(mCS)based on fatty acid methyl esthers(FAmEs)between five no-till agricultural practices:maize monoculture(mm);maize annualy intercropped with Urochloa decumbens(m/Ud);m/Ud with soybean rotation every other year(m/Ud-S);m/Ud keeping the pasture for the next two years(m/Ud-Ud-Ud);and maize intercropped with *** keeping the pasture for the next two years(m/Ur-Ur-Ur).Results indicated that mBA was affected by the inclusion of Urochloa intercropping and by rotation with *** under a longer residence time with Urochloa in the field had higherβ-glucosidase activity and soil basal respiration,indicating a greater microbial *** was less affected than mBA by the investigated cropping *** changed only in the continuous pasture systems,which were enriched in arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi(AmF).Additionally,the continuous pasture systems had lower microbial stress ratios than the other agricultural *** sum,our study showed that utilization of Urochloa *** longer periods in no-till agricultural practices contributes to increase microbial activity,AmF abundance and decrease microbial stress *** changes are primarily beneficial for soil health.

关键词： crop-pasture integration crop rotation no-tillage soil health microbial ecology

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Determinants of COVID-19 Face mask Litter in Coastal Urban Parking Lots: Implications for Source modelling of Potential microplastic Pollution

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第8期15卷 874-886页

作者： Robert france Brandon Heung Department of Plant Food and Environmental Science Dalhousie University Nova Scotia Canada

Despite cities being recognized as being potential sources of microplastic pollution to the wider environment, most surveys of COVID-19 plastic-based litter have been undertaken through linear transects of marine beaches. For the far fewer number of studies conducted on inland and urban locations, the site-specific focus has primarily been surveys along the length of streets. The present study is the first to specifically assess the standing stock (i.e., moment-in-time) of littered face masks for the entire surface area of urban parking lots. The density of face masks in 50 parking lots in a Canadian coastal town (0.00054 m2 ± 0.00051 m2) was found to be significantly greater than the background level of littering of town streets. Face mask density was significantly related to visitation “usage” of parking lots as gauged by the areal size of the lots and of their onsite buildings, as well as the number of vehicles present. Neither parking lot typology nor estimates of inferred export (various measures of wind exposure) and entrapment (various metrics of obstruction) of face masks had a significant influence on the extent of whole-lot littering. In consequence, modelling of the potential input of mask-derived microplastics to the marine environment from coastal communities can use the areal density of face masks found here in association with the total surface area of lots for individual municipalities as determined through GIS analysis.

关键词： COVID Face masks Parking Lot Litter Prediction Areal Abundance

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Effects of Andrade and Burgers rheologies on glacial isostatic adjustment modeling in Antarctica

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 429-440页

作者： Alexandre Boughanemi Anthony mémin UniversitéCôte d'Azur CNRSObservatoire de la Côte d'AzurIRDGéoazur250 rue Albert EinsteinSophia Antipolis 06560 ValbonneFrance

Variations in ice mass deform the Earth and modify its gravity field,a process known as Glacial Isostatic Adjustment(GIA).GIA in Antarctica remains poorly constrained due to the cumulative effect of past and present ice-mass changes,the unknown history of the past ice-mass change,and the uncertainties on the mechanical properties of the *** paper investigates the effect of using Andrade and Burgers viscoelastic rheologies,rather than the commonly used maxwell rheology,to model GIA-induced deformation in *** Love number and Green's function formalism are used to compute the radial surface displacements and the gravity changes induced by the past and present ice-mass *** consider an Earth model whose elastic properties and radial structure are averaged from the Preliminary Reference Earth model and two viscosity profiles to account for the recently published results on the present ice-mass *** the three rheological laws affects the temporal response of the Earth differently,leading to smaller discrepancies than those induced by the two viscosity *** differences are the largest between maxwell and Burgers rheologies during the 100-1000 years following the beginning of the surface-mass *** show that using the Andrade and Burgers rheologies allows the Earth to respond on decennial to centennial time scales,up to 10 m more than *** only the recent ice-mass changes,the deformation rates derived from Burgers and Andrade rheologies are several times larger than those estimated by maxwell rheology.

关键词： GIA Antarctica modeling Rheology Displacement Viscosity GNSS

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Comprehensive review of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus:State of art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis Timothy m Pawlik Daniel Azoulay Department of Surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK Department of Surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Department of Hepato-Biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

Background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage *** vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is among the most ominous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if *** sources:A systematic search of mEDLINE(Pubmed),Embase,Cochrane Library and Database for Systematic Reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases until December 2022 was conducted using free text and meSH terms:hepatocellular carcinoma,portal vein tumor thrombus,portal vein thrombosis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and systematic ***:Centers of surgical excellence have reported promising results related to the individualized surgical management of portal thrombus versus arterial chemoembolization or systemic *** elements to the individualized surgical management of HCC and portal thrombus include precise classification of the portal vein tumor thrombus,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who may benefit from resection,as well as meticulous surgical *** review addressed five specific areas:(a)formation of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatments versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of ***:Current evidence from Chinese and Japanese high-volume centers demonstrated that patients with HCC and associated PVTT can be managed with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： Hepatectomy Liver surgery Liver neoplasms Portal vein tumor thrombus

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丁苯橡胶改性沥青的网络结构对其流变性能的影响

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橡胶参考资料 1998年第2期28卷 54-59页

作者： Yong-Joon Lee Lawrence m.france martin C.Havvley 税珺琰

前言聚合物广泛地用于改善沥青路面的性能。许多聚合物改性剂已被用来改善耐高温车辙,以及耐低温热龟裂和在不同使用温度下的疲劳龟裂。按照不同聚合物改性剂在沥青中的功能,把改性剂归为5类:分散聚合物、网络聚合物、反应聚合物、胶料... 详细信息

前言聚合物广泛地用于改善沥青路面的性能。许多聚合物改性剂已被用来改善耐高温车辙,以及耐低温热龟裂和在不同使用温度下的疲劳龟裂。按照不同聚合物改性剂在沥青中的功能,把改性剂归为5类:分散聚合物、网络聚合物、反应聚合物、胶料和纤维。网络聚合物象树脂一样,将在沥青里形成它们自己的网络。丁苯橡胶是网络聚合物家族中最有希望的选择物之一。

关键词：丁苯橡胶改性沥青网络结构路面材料流变性

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Single atom Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Giménez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquímica(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic performance of Cu-N-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon monoxide

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.molloy D.Raffestin m.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere m.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal m.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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miniSCIDOm: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino m.Reimold E.Beyreuther F.-E.Brack F.Kroll J.Pawelke J.D.Schilz m.Schneider U.Schramm m.E.P.Umlandt K.Zeil T.Ziegler J.metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOm detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

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Prompt neutron emission in ^(250)No spontaneous fission associated with ground and isomeric state decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 112-117页

作者： R.S.mukhin A.V.Isaev A.V.Andreev m.L.Chelnokov V.I.Chepigin H.m.Devaraja I.N.Izosimov A.A.Kuznetsova O.N.malyshev A.G.Popeko Yu.A.Popov A.Rahmatinejad B.Sailaubekov T.m.Shneidman E.A.Sokol A.I.Svirikhin m.S.Tezekbayeva m.A.Bychkov A.V.Yeremin O.Dorvaux B.Gall K.Kessaci K.Hauschild A.Lopez-martens Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Dubna State University Dubna141982Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics Almaty050032Kazakhstan L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University Astana010008Kazakhstan Kazan Federal University Kazan420008Russia Universitéde Strasbourg CNRSStrasbourg67000France IJCLab IN2P3-CNRSUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay91400France

The complete-fusion reaction^(204)Pb(^(48)Ca,2n)^(250)No was used to study two activities of^(250)No with distinct half-lives.A total of 1357 events were observed in the SFiNx neutron detection *** average number of neutrons emitted per spontaneous fission of^(250)No was determined to be(4.1±0.1).The unusually symmetrical shape of the prompt neutron multiplicity distribution was restored and presented for the first *** tests were performed to compare the prompt neutron multiplicity distributions associated with the ground state and K-isomer state decays.

关键词： spontaneous fission prompt neutrons actinide

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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso P.De Donato m.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance UmR 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experiment in a beech forest in meuse(france)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree *** calcium(Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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