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Fate of undigested proteins in the pig large intestine:What impact on the colon epithelium?

Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 110-118页

作者： françois Blachier Mireille Andriamihaja Xiang-Feng Kong UMR PNCA Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary BehaviorUniversite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTechINRAEParisFrance Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina

Apart from its obvious agronomic interest in feeding billions of people worldwide,the porcine species represents an irreplaceable experimental model for intestinal physiologists and *** this review,we give an overview on the fate of proteins that are not fully digested in the pig small intestine,and thus are transferred into the large *** the large intestine,dietary and endogenous proteins are converted to peptides and amino acids(AA)by the action of bacterial proteases and ***,which cannot,except in the neonatal period,be absorbed to any significant level by the colonocytes,are used by the intestinal microbes for protein synthesis and for the production of numerous *** note,the production of the AA-derived metabolites greatly depends on the amount of undigested polysaccharides in the pig's *** effects of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites on the pig colonic epithelium have not yet been largely ***,the available data,performed on colonic mucosa,isolated colonic crypts and colonocytes,indicate that some of them,like ammonia,butyrate,acetate,hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S),and p-cresol are active either directly or indirectly on energy metabolism in colonic epithelial *** studies in that area will certainly gain from the utilization of the pig colonic organoid model,which allows for disposal of functional epithelial *** studies will contribute to a better understanding of the potential causal links between diet-induced changes in the luminal concentrations of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites and effects on the colon epithelial barrier function and water/electrolyte absorption.

关键词： Gut microbiota Amino acids Bacterial metabolites Pig Large intestine

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Performance optimization of grid aggregation in spatial data warehouses

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第12期8卷 970-988页

作者： Myoung-Ah Kang Mehdi Zaamoune françois Pinet Sandro Bimonte Philippe Beaune LIMOS-CNRS UMR 6158 ISIMAUniversitéBlaise PascalAubièreFrance Irstea UR TSCFClermont-FerrandFrance Agaetis Clermont-FerrandFrance

The problem of storage and querying of large volumes of spatial grids is an issue to *** this paper,we propose a method to optimize queries to aggregate raster grids stored in *** our approach,we propose to estimate the exact result rather than calculate the exact *** approach reduces query execution *** advantage of our method is that it does not require implementing or modifying functionalities of database management *** approach is based on a new data structure and a specific model of SQL *** work is applied here to relational data warehouses.

关键词： data warehouse database modelling geographical information system

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Electrochemical treatment of olive mill wastewater:Treatment extent and effluent phenolic compounds monitoring using some uncommon analytical tools

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期25卷 220-230页

作者： Chokri Belaid Moncef Khadraoui Salma Mseddi Monem Kallel Boubaker Elleuch Jean franois Fauvarque Laboratory of Water Energy and Environment Sfax UniversityENIS BP "1173" 3038 Sfax Tunisia Laboratory of Industrial Electrochemistry CNAM 2 Rue Conté 75003 Paris France

Problems related with industrials effluents can be divided in two parts：（1） their toxicity associated to their chemical content which should be removed before discharging the wastewater into the receptor media; （2） and the second part is linked to the difficulties of pollution characterisation and monitoring caused by the complexity of these matrixes. This investigation deals with these two aspects, an electrochemical treatment method of an olive mill wastewater （OMW） under platinized expanded titanium electrodes using a modified Gl＂ignard reactor for toxicity removal as well as the exploration of the use of some specific analytical tools to monitor effluent phenolic compounds elimination. The results showed that electrochemical oxidation is able to remove/mitigate the OMW pollution. Indeed, 87% of OMW color was removed and all aromatic compounds were disappeared from the solution by anodic oxidation. Moreover, 55% of the chemical oxygen demand （COD） and the total organic carbon （TOC） were reduced. On the other hand, UV- Visible spectrophotometry, Gaz chromatography/mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance （NMR） showed that the used treatment seems efficaciously to eliminate phenolic compounds from OMW. It was concluded that electrochemical oxidation in a modified Grignard reactor is a promising process for the destruction of all phenolic compounds present in OMW. Among the monitoring analytical tools applied, cyclic voltammetry and 13C NMR are among the techniques that are introduced for the first time to control the advancement of the OMW treatment and gave a close insight on polyphenols disappearance.

关键词： olive mill wastewater electro-oxidation polyphenols cyclic voltammetry GC/MS 13C NMR

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On Some Properties of the Curl Operator and Their Consequences for the Navier-Stokes System

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Communications in Mathematical Research 2022年第4期38卷 449-497页

作者： Nicolas Lerner françois Vigneron Sorbonne Universite Institut de Mathématiques de JussieuUMR 7586Campus Pierre et Marie Curie4 Place Jussieu75252 Paris cedex 05France Universitéde Reims Champagne-Ardenne Laboratoire de Mathématiques de ReimsUMR 9008Moulin de la HousseBP 103951687 Reims cedex 2France

We investigate some geometric properties of the curl operator,based on its diagonalization and its expression as a non-local symmetry of the pseudoderivative(-△)^(1/2) among divergence-free vector fields with finite *** this context,we introduce the notion of spin-definite fields,*** of(-△)^(-1/2)*** two spin-definite components of a general 3D incompressible flow untangle the right-handed motion from the left-handed *** observed that the non-linearity of Navier-Stokes has the structure of a crossproduct and its weak(distributional)form is a determinant that involves the vorticity,the velocity and a test function,we revisit the conservation of energy and the balance of helicity in a geometrical *** show that in the case of a finite-time blow-up,both spin-definite components of the flow will explode simultaneously and with equal rates,*** in 3D are the result of a conflict of spin,which is impossible in the poorer geometry of 2D *** investigate the role of the local and non-local determinants ∫_(0)^(T) ∫_(R^(3))det(curlu,u,(-△)^(θ)u) and their spin-definite counterparts,which drive the enstrophy and,more generally,are responsible for the regularity of the flow and the emergence of singularities or *** such,they are at the core of turbulence phenomena.

关键词： Navier-Stokes vorticity hydrodynamic spin critical determinants turbulence

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A mediation system for continuous spatial queries on a unified schema using Apache Spark

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Big Earth Data 2024年第1期8卷 115-141页

作者： Thi Thu Trang Ngo françois Pinet David Sarramia Myoung-Ah Kang UniversitéClermont Auvergne ISIMAAubièreFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne INRAEUR TSCFClermont-FerrandFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3LPCClermont-FerrandFrance

Recent advances in big and streaming data systems have enabled real-time analysis of data generated by Internet of Things(IoT)systems and sensors in various *** this context,many applications require integrating data from several heterogeneous sources,either stream or static *** such as Apache Spark are able to integrate and process large datasets from different ***,these frameworks are hard to use when the data sources are heterogeneous and *** address this issue,we propose a system based on mediation techniques for integrating stream and static data *** integration process of our system consists of three main steps:configuration,query expression and query *** the configuration step,an administrator designs a mediated schema and defines mapping between the mediated schema and local data *** the query expression step,users express queries using customized SQL grammar on the mediated ***,our system rewrites the query into an optimized Spark application and submits the application to a Spark *** results are continuously returned to *** experiments show that our optimizations can improve query execution time by up to one order of magnitude,making complex streaming and spatial data analysis more accessible.

关键词： Streaming data streaming data integration mediator geospatial data continuous queries

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Immune precision medicine for cancer:a novel insight based on the efficiency of immune effector cells

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 318-333页

作者： Jean-françois Rossi Patrice Céballos Zhao-Yang Lu Institut Sainte Catherine 84918 AvignonFrance UniversitéMontpellier 1 UFR Médecine34396 MontpellierFrance Département d’Hématologie CHU de Montpellier34295 MontpellierFrance Unitéde Thérapie Cellulaire CHU Saint-Eloi34295 MontpellierFrance

Cancer cell growth is associated with immune surveillance ***,restoring the desired immune response against cancer cells remains a major therapeutic *** to the recent advances in biological knowledge,efficient therapeutic tools have been developed to support the best bio-clinical approaches for immune precision *** of the most important successes in immune therapy is represented by the applicational use of monoclonal antibodies,particularly the use of rituximab for B-cell lymphoproliferative *** recently,other monoclonal antibodies have been developed,to inhibit immune checkpoints within the tumor microenvironment that limit immune suppression,or to enhance some immune functions with immune adjuvants through different targets such as Toll-receptor *** aim is to inhibit cancer proliferation by the diminishing/elimination of cancer residual cells and clinically improving the response duration with no or few adverse *** effect is supported by enhancing the number,functions,and activity of the immune effector cells,including the natural killer(NK)lymphocytes,NKT-lymphocytes,γδT-lymphocytes,cytotoxic T-lymphocytes,directly or indirectly through vaccines particularly with neoantigens,and by lowering the functions of the immune suppressive *** these new therapeutics and their personalized usage,new considerations have to be taken into account,such as epigenetic regulation particularly from microbiota,evaluation of transversal functions,particularly cellular metabolism,and consideration to the clinical consequences at the body *** aim of this review is to discuss some practical aspects of immune therapy,giving to clinicians the concept of immune effector cells balancing between control and *** precision medicine is a combination of modern biological knowledge and clinical therapeutic decisions in a global vision of the patient.

关键词： Precision therapy Immunotherapy NK lymphocytes T-lymphocytes Dendritic cells Vaccination Cancer

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Soil Macrofaunal Communities are Heterogeneous in Heathlands with Different Grazing Intensity

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 524-533页

作者： Jean-franois PONGE Sandrine SALMON Amélie BENoisT Jean-Jacques GEOFFROY Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7179 4 avenue du Petit Chteau 91800 Brunoy (France) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7204 4 avenue du Petit Chteau 91800 Brunoy (France)

Moderate grazing by cattle increases the heterogeneity of soil and vegetation. This has been suggested as an ecologically sustainable mean of managing natural environments endangered by tree encroachment, such as heathlands. Our study was performed to test the impact of grazing intensity on soil macroinvertebrate communities in heterogeneous landscapes in a private property eligible to the Natura 2000 European Network of Special Protection Areas within the Brenne Natural Regional Park （Indre, ~rance）. We sampled macroinvertebrates along a broken line crossing 5 different land-use types, from pasture to pine forest, passing through a besom heath （Erica scoparia） heathland at 3 levels of cattle pressure. We hypothesized that： i） litter-dwelling （mostly arthropods and mollusks） and soil-dwelling macroinvertebrates （mostly earthworms） would respond in an opposite manner to various grazing intensities, and ii） intermediate cattle pressure （pastured heath） would increase soil and community heterogeneity. The results supported the first hypothesis, which was explained by land-use impacts mediated by soil properties. However, our results supported only partly the second hypothesis since maximum dissimilarity （whether in the composition of soil macroinvertebrate communities or in soil features） was observed in only one out of the two pastured heaths where cattle pressure was intermediate.

关键词： besom heath cattle grazing heterogeneity land-use types soil macroinvertebrates

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Numerical Simulation on SAGD Process in Oil Sands Reservoir with Multiple Barriers

Numerical Simulation on SAGD Process in Oil Sands Reservoir ...

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作者： essouma essouma Ariane Felicite Bibiche 中国石油大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)是油砂储层的主要热采方式之一。但对于实际的油砂储层,储层的物性分布特征往往具有极大的非均匀特征,特别是高含水层和泥岩夹层的存在,会严重阻碍蒸汽腔的正常扩展,最终影响SAGD方式的开发效果。在SAGD开发过程... 详细信息

蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)是油砂储层的主要热采方式之一。但对于实际的油砂储层,储层的物性分布特征往往具有极大的非均匀特征,特别是高含水层和泥岩夹层的存在,会严重阻碍蒸汽腔的正常扩展,最终影响SAGD方式的开发效果。在SAGD开发过程中,当汽腔扩展至高含水层或泥岩屏障时,由于高含水层对汽腔的“降温”效应与泥岩夹层对汽腔扩展的“阻隔”效应,导致累积蒸汽油比(CSOR)升高及汽腔绕流热效率降低,从而导致较低的SAGD采收率。本文通过数值模拟手段,分别搭建不同屏障条件下的油砂SAGD开发数值模拟模型,分别模拟研究了高含水饱和度层、泥岩夹层两种屏障因素对SAGD开发动态的影响,表征了单一屏障因素、双重屏障因素影响下的SAGD汽腔扩展特征和开发效果。然后,在此基础上,采用真实的加拿大长湖油砂Pad10区的油藏地质及流体参数,建立真实的油藏地质模型,表征在实际油砂储层中非均匀分布的储层物性对SAGD开发动态的影响,并进行了SAGD操作参数的优化设计,包括操作压力、蒸汽干度及注汽速率。基于单屏障因素的SAGD数值模拟研究,发现高含水饱和层的厚度和分布位置、页岩屏障的厚度、长度和分布位置是影响SAGD开发动态的重要参数。同时,通过模拟两种因素的综合影响,发现受到高含水层和页岩屏障的影响,汽腔扩展特征与均质油藏相比,变化较大,同时产油速率也比均质情况更低。通过建立的Long Lake油砂储层典型SAGD井对的数值模拟模型,优化了操作压力、蒸汽干度及注气速率,结果该典型井SAGD开发的最佳操作压力为1600 k Pa,最佳注汽速率为800m/d,最佳蒸汽干度为90%。本文研究成果对于油砂SAGD开发的生产动态分析、汽腔扩展预测等具有一定的借鉴意义,为尼克森Long Lake油砂资源的高效开发提供了指导。

关键词：油砂 SAGD 屏障高含水层泥岩夹层

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Tracking market and non-traditional sources of risks in procyclical and countercyclical hedge fund strategies under extreme scenarios:a nonlinear VAR approach

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 696-751页

作者： françois-Éric Racicot Raymond Théoret Telfer School of Management University of Ottawa55 Laurier Avenue EastOttawaONCanada IPAG Business School ParisFrance École des Sciences de la Gestion Universitédu Québec(Montréal)315 est Ste-CatherineR2915MontréalQCCanada Chaire d’Information Financière et Organisationnelle ESG-UQAMMonntréalQuébecUniversitédu Québec(Outaouais)MontréalCanada

The subprime crisis was quite damaging for hedge *** the local projection method(Jordà2004,2005,2009),we forecast the dynamic responses of the betas of hedge fund strategies to macroeconomic and financial shocks—especially volatility and illiquidity shocks—over the subprime crisis in order to investigate their market timing *** a robustness check,using TVAR(Balke 2000),we simulate the reaction of hedge fund strategies’betas in extreme scenarios allowing moderate and strong adverse *** results show that the behavior of hedge fund strategies regarding the monitoring of systematic risk is highly nonlinear in extreme scenarios—especially during the subprime *** find that countercyclical strategies have an investment technology which differs from procyclical *** crises,the former seek to capture non-traditional risk premia by deliberately increasing their systematic risk while the later focus more on minimizing *** results suggest that the hedge fund strategies’betas respond more to illiquidity uncertainty than to illiquidity risk during *** find that illiquidity and VIX shocks are the major drivers of systemic risk in the hedge fund industry.

关键词： Hedge fund Procyclicality Illiquidity risk shock Illiquidity uncertainty shock Local projection model TVAR Optimal forecast Measurement errors

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Synthesis of phosphanaphthalenes and nido-carborane fused six-membered phosphacycles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第1期32卷 194-197页

作者： Guanyu Tao Feichao Yang Lujun Zhang Yang Li Zheng Duan françois Mathey College of Chemistry Green Catalysis CenterInternational Phosphorus LaboratoryInternational Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan ProvinceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

A simple method to synthesize luminescent λ^(5)-phosphanaphthalenes and zwitterionic nido-carborane fused six-membered phosphacycles was developed from the reaction of ortho-phosphinobenzoaldehydes or ortho-phosphino... 详细信息

关键词： Phosphorus λ^(5)-Phosphanaphthalenes Zwitterionic nido-Carborane Electron-deficient alkyne

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