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Characteristics of Ent Foreign Bodies in a Hospital at Cotonou, Benin

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第4期12卷 259-268页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Faridath Daouda françois avakoudjo Alexis do Santos-Zounon Fatiou Bouraima Bruno Ametonou Sonia Lawson-Afouda Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Medical Faculty of the University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) can constitute a life-threatening emergency by their nature or their location. The objective of this study was to describe the socio-demographic, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of FB in the ENT department of CHUZ-Suru Léré in Cotonou. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection spanning a period of ten (10) years from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2022. Patients of all ages seen in consultations in the ENT and CCF department of the CHUZ-Suru Léré during the study period and meeting the inclusion criteria were taken into account. Results: During the study period, 1810 cases of FB were collected among the 13,947 consultations, i.e. a hospital frequency of 12.98%. The age of the patients varied from 19 days to 94 years with a predominance of children under 10 years (60.2%). The sex ratio (male/female) was 1.13. The duration between the onset of FB and the medical consultation was greater than 72 hours in 88.49% of cases. The circumstances of occurrence of FB were unknown in 86.34% of cases. The external acoustic meatus was the most common location (90.22%). The nature of FB was inorganic in 86.80% of cases dominated by earwax plugs (77.90%), and organic FB in 7.96% of cases dominated by cotton (3.98%). All FB were extracted by the route of introduction except one case. The extraction was performed most often in the consultation chair (97.07% of cases). The evolution was generally favorable (99.94%). Conclusion: ENT foreign bodies are a frequent reason for consultation and mainly affect male children. They are usually inorganic. Evolution is generally favorable after extraction. Prevention remains the best solution.

关键词： Foreign Bodies ENT CHUZ-Suru-Léré

Clinical and Therapeutic Characteristics of Acute Maxillary Rhinosinusitis in a Hospital of Cotonou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第3期12卷 140-150页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Alexis do Santos Zounon Mystère Djenontin Agossou françois avakoudjo Sonia Lawson Afouda Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Abomey-Calavi (R. BENIN) Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Acute maxillary rhinosinusitis (AMRS) is one of the most common ear, nose and throat infections. The aim of this study was to contribute to the improvement of the management of the condition in sub-Saharan Africa. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study that ran from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021 in the ENT-HNS department of the “Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Zone de Suru-Léré” (CHUZ SL) in Cotonou, Benin. It involved all patients who consulted during the study period and in whom the diagnosis of acute maxillary rhinosinusitis was made. Results: A total of 405 cases were identified. The mean age was 34.26 ± 15.26 years with extremes of 9 and 63 years. The predominance was female with a sex ratio of 0.61. Acute maxillary rhinosinusitis was bilateral in 371 cases (91.60%). The main symptoms were facial pain in 346 cases (85.43%), mucopurulent rhinorrhea: 315 cases (77.78%), headache: 283 cases (69.88%), and nasal obstruction: 244 cases (60.25%). The most frequent physical signs were pain on pressure of the maxillary sinus points in 405 cases or 100%, purulent secretions at the middle meatus: 11.35%, hyperemia of the nasal mucosa: 53.58%, hypertrophy of the middle turbinate: 41.48% and discharge of pus on the posterior pharyngeal wall: 36.79%. Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid was the main antibiotic prescribed. Vasoconstrictors were used in 228 cases 56.30%. The evolution was favorable in all cases. Conclusion: The diagnosis of acute maxillary rhinosinusitis is clinical. Treatment with antibiotic gives good results.

关键词： Acute Maxillary Rhinosinusitis

Diffuse Cervico-Facial Cellulitis: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects at the Teaching Hospital CNHU HKM of Cotonou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2022年第5期11卷 266-276页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Nesrine Gouda Alexis Do Santos Zounon Romaric Beheton Sonia Lawson Afouda françois avakoudjo Wassi Adjibabi Bernadette Vignikin Yehouessi Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (R. BENIN) Cotonou Republic of Benin

Purpose of the work: to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis collected within the ENT-CCF surgery department of the CNHU of Cotonou. Materials and method: the study was a descriptive retrospective carried out from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2020. It concerned new cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis identified during the period. Results: in 3 years, 55 cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis were identified out of 1101 hospitalized patients. The frequency was 4.99%. Per year, 18 cases of cervico-facial cellulitis are recorded. The mean age of the patients was 41.3 years with extremes of 15 years and 85 years. A clear male predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 1.29. Painful cervico-facial swelling was the most common reason for medical consultation (47 patients or 85.5% of cases). Thirty patients (54.5%) showed a deterioration in general condition. Several clinical forms of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis have been described, in particular the gangrenous form, the suppurative, necrotizing form and LUDWIG’s angina. The portal of entry was dental in 50 patients (91% of cases), favored by poor oral hygiene and self-medication with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The medico-surgical treatment implemented was favorable for 47 patients (85.5%). Conclusion: Diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis remains a frequent medical-surgical emergency in the CCF ENT department at the Teaching Hospital of Cotonou. Mainly of odontogenic origin, it is encountered in different clinical forms.

关键词： Diffuse Cellulitis Cervico-Facial Odontogenic Antibiotic Therapy Incision Drainage

An Unusual Cervical Penetrating Wound Extended to the Right Pleural Dome

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2022年第3期11卷 126-135页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Julls Celestin Apouakone Alexis Do Santos Zounon Darius Guezo Sonia Lawson Afouda françois avakoudjo Wassi Adjibabi Bernadette Vignikin Yehouessi Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Abomey-Calavi (R. BENIN) Godomey The Republic of Benin

The solution of continuity of the tissues of the neck with rupture of the platysma muscle is called a cervical penetrating wound. The authors report a case of an unusual penetrating neck wound extended to the pleural dome by stabbing a psychiatric patient. They describe the diagnostic circumstances, the therapeutic approach and discuss data from the literature. It was a 26-year-old young woman, who was received in ENT for a penetrating neck wound with a stab wound following a suicide attempt. The diagnosis of a penetrating stab wound to the neck extending to the right pleural dome was retained. The exploratory cervicotomy with the extraction of the foreign body found a knife blade penetrating the anterior base of the right side of the neck to the right pleural dome, sparing the noble vasculo-nervous and aero-digestive organs of the neck. The postoperative course was simple and the evolution was favourable. This unusual penetrating wound of the neck is spectacular and remarkable for the absence of involvement of noble organs despite the involvement of the pleural dome. However, it remains a concern in psychiatric patients and requires multidisciplinary management and systemic management in order to avoid recurrence.

关键词： Knife Neck Penetrating Wound Pleural Dome Suicide Attempt

Prevalence of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Related to the Mills in the Markets of the Municipality of Parakou in 2021

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Fatiou Alabi Bouraïma Cocouvi Bruno Ametonou Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe françois avakoudjo Jorelle Wafo Marius Claude Flatin Spéro H. R. Hounkpatin Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Noise is the second leading cause of hearing loss in adults after presbycusis. The objective of this work was to study hearing loss induced by the noise of mills in the markets of Parakou. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from February 3 to June 3, 2021 in the markets of Parakou. It concerned millers and sellers located within a 5 meter radius around the mills and among whom pure-tone audiometry was performed to detect a hearing loss. Subjects with no particular medical health history, under 55 years of age and having been working in these markets since more than 12 months, were included. Results: In this study, 103 subjects were selected, including 43 millers and 61 sellers. Their average age was 29 ± 13 years. The sex ratio was 0.49. The average length of service in the profession was 8 years with the extremes of 3 months and 47 years. They were exposed to noise on average 10 hours per day and 6 days a week. The average duration of weekly noise exposure was 23 h 28 min ± 13 h 32 min with the extremes of 5 h 00 min and 52 h 30 min. The average level of noise exposure was 90 dB with the extremes of 72 and 110 dB. 24 subjects reported symptoms related to noise such as headache, tinnitus, and hearing loss, with respective proportions of 22.33%, 20.39% and 06.80%. The prevalence of noise-related hearing loss was 26.21% (n = 27/103). Subjects with a notch at 4000 Hz and normal Average Hearing Loss (AHL) (20.39%) had a seven-time greater risk of developing noise-induced hearing loss (OR = 6.58;95% CI [2.54 - 18.8], p Conclusion: Hearing loss related to the noise of mills affected both millers and sellers near the mills in markets, hence the importance of regulating mills.

关键词： Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Mills Markets Parakou

Risk Factors for Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in Parakou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2016年第2期5卷 73-78页

作者： Spero H. Raoul Hounkpatin Julien Didier Adedemy Marius C. Flatin Senami Florine E. Awassi Sonia Lawson Afouda françois avakoudjo Wassi Adjbabi Sogbadji J. Vodouhè Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculy of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT childhood diseases. Objective: To identify risk factors for AOM in children aged 0 to 5 years. Methods: This research work was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. It focused on 2040 children aged 0 to 5 years from both sexes, who were healthy or sick, and living in the Local government of Parakou for at least one year. Those children were randomly selected in all three districts of Parakou. Results: Frequency of AOM was 2.8% and their prevalence was estimated at 16.3%. The identified risk factors were persistent or chronic cases of rhinitis, exposure to charcoal and wood smoke, low socioeconomic status, personal history of AOM, AOM history among the siblings, and children’s poor nutritional status. No relationship could be established between AOM occurrence and factors like sex, passive smoking, attendance of a day-care centre or stay in nursery, prematurity, exclusive breastfeeding and large number of siblings. Conclusion: The identification of those risk factors will help put in place appropriate measures to reduce AOM prevalence in Parakou.

关键词： Acute Otitis Media Prevalence Risk Factors Children

Triaxial tension and compression tests on saturated lime-treated plastic clay upon consolidated undrained conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第12期15卷 3328-3342页

作者： Kuchvichea Kan Bertrand françois Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Technology of CambodiaPhnom PenhCambodia BATir Department UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium ArGEnCo Departement Universitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium

Lime-treatment of clayey soil significantly increases its shear and tensile ***,the tensile strength of lime-treated soils deserves careful investigation because it may provide an appreciable benefit for the stability of earth *** study investigates the tensile and shear strengths of an untreated and lime-treated(3%of lime)plastic clay at different curing times(7 d,56 d and 300 d),through triaxial tension and compression *** tension tests are performed using“diabolo-shaped”soil samples with reduced central section,such that the central part of the specimen can be under axial tension while both end-sections remain in axial *** undrained(CU)conditions with measurement of pore water pressure allow analyzing the failure conditions through effective stress and total stress *** results of triaxial tension tests reveal that the failure occurs under tensile mode at low confining pressure while extensional shear failure mode is observed under higher confining ***,a classical Mohr-Coulomb shear failure criterion must be combined with a cut-off tensile strength criterion that is not affected by the confining *** comparing shear failure under compression and tension,a slight anisotropy is observed.

关键词： Tensile strength Consolidated undrained(CU)triaxial test Lime-treated soils Failure criterion

Influence of the iodide/iodine redox system on the self-discharge of AC/AC electrochemical capacitors in salt aqueous electrolyte

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 622-630页

作者： Qamar Abbas fran?ois Béguin Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry Poznan University of Technology

Self-discharge(SD) of AC/AC(AC ? activated carbon) electrochemical capacitors in aqueous solutions of lithium sulfate(Li2SO4) and lithium sulfate t iodide salts(Li2SO4tKI or Li2SO4tLi I) was investigated at 24 1C and 40 1C after cell potential hold at values from 1 V to 1.6 ***24 1C,the cells exhibit lower SD in Li2SO4tKI than in Li2SO4,owing to the redox activity of the 2I /I2 system which drives the positive AC electrode to operate in narrow potential range and display lower potential drop than in *** 401 C,the capacitors exhibit comparable and reduced SD both in Li2SO4tLi I and Li2SO4,whatever the holding cell ***-electrode cell experiments demonstrate that,at 40 1C,hydrogen chemisorption is thermodynamically unfavored under negative polarization,while the activity of the 2I /I2 redox system under positive polarization is only slightly *** a consequence,the AC/AC cells in Li2SO4 exhibit a typical electrical double-layer performance at 401 C,whereas they still behave as hybrid ones in Li2SO4tLi I,with twice higher capacitance than in ***(Ui-Ut) vs t1/2plots demonstrate that SD is essentially controlled by diffusion at 401 C,suggesting that it originates from bulkier hydrated ***,in the investigated temperature range,the AC/AC capacitors in Li2SO4tLi I demonstrate low self-discharge and high capacitance,while being able to operate up to 1.6 V.

关键词： Supercapacitors Activated carbon Self-discharge Salt aqueous electrolyte Iodide/iodine redox system Activation and diffusion controlled mechanisms

Modeling of 3-D Losses and Deviations in a Throughflow Analysis Tool

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第3期16卷 208-214页

作者： Jean-fran■ois Simon OlivierLéonard Techspace Aero-Aerodynamic Group University

This contribution is dedicated to the modeling of the end-wall flows in a throughflow model for turbomachinery applications. The throughflow model is based on the Euler or Navier-Stokes equations solved by a Finite-Volume technique. Two approaches are presented for the end-wall modeling. The first one is based on an inviscid formulation with dedicated 3-D distributions of loss coefficient and deviation in the end-wall regions. The second approach is directly based on a viscous formulation with no-slip boundary condition along the annular end-walls and blade force modification in the region close to the end-walls. The throughflow results are compared to a series of 3-D Navier-Stokes calculations averaged in the circumferential direction. These 3-D calculations were performed on the three rotors of a low pressure axial compressor, for a series of tip clearance values.

关键词： throughflow losses deviations axial compressors