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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Violence among Primary and Secondary School Workers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第3期12卷 225-241页

作者： Marthe Sandrine Sanon Lompo Issa Traoré Yannick Wilfried Boenzemwende Ninkéma Guiegui-Kouamé Chimène Pulcherie Constant Gouba Adama françois Ouédraogo Souka Gaston Kaboré Arouna Ouédraogo Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Dpartement de Sant Publique Universit Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Suprieur des Sciences de la Sant Dpartement de Sant Publique Universit Nazi Boni Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Unit de Formation et de Recherche Sciences mdicales Universit Flix Houphout Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Office de Sant des Travailleurs Service de Pathologies Professionnelles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Violence is a major problem in today’s workplace. It affects workers in all sectors of activity. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with violence among primary and secondary school staff in Ouagadougou. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study that took place from April 22, 2020 to February 18, 2021 in primary and secondary schools in Ouagadougou. It focused on the educational staff of these establishments. Results: A total of 362 agents took part in the study. The average age of participants was 36.5 ± 6.89 years. The sex ratio was 1.62 men to one woman. The majority of workers were teachers, with 300 participants (82.87%). The average job tenure was 7 years ± 6.91 years. With regard to violence in the workplace, 87 workers were victims, representing a prevalence of 24.03%. Of these workers, 59 (67.81%) were men and 36 (41.38%) had less than six years’ experience. Acts of violence were predominantly pushing observed in 15 workers (50%), while shouting and aggressive tone dominated psychological violence and concerned 54 cases (36.24%). On univariate analysis, the factors associated with violence were age (p = 0.046) and type of establishment (p = 0.012). On multivariate analysis, only the nature of the establishment was the only factor associated with the occurrence of violence among teaching staff (OR = 2.3690, p = 0.0213). Conclusion: The prevalence of violence is high in these educational establishments. Age and type of establishment are factors associated with its occurrence. It is therefore necessary to develop an effective strategy for preventing this risk in the workplace.

关键词： Violence Prevalence Factors Workers Ouagadougou

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Phytochemical Screening, Study of Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles from Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J. Leonard (Caesalpiniaceae)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 118-130页

作者： Ngoulé Charles Christian Eya’ane Meva françois Sone Enone Bertin Ngo Nyobe Biwole Caroline Tankeu Séverin Elisée Songue Pascal Nguene Jean Pierre Etame-Loe Gisèle Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Biology of Plant Organisms Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

According to the World Health Organization, diabetes affects approximately 347 million people worldwide. Its management is not within the reach of all social classes, therefore medicinal plants are still the first resort for many populations in Africa. The biological material used in this study was the trunk bark of Guibourtia tessmannii. 50 g of trunk bark powder were decocted in 500 ml of distilled water for 5 minutes were carried out. The method used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) was an organometallic bio-reduction of silver nitrate salts mediated by various secondary metabolites contained in the plant extract. The study of the toxicity acute was conducted according to guideline 423 of the OECD protocol. The pharmacological activities were each carried out with 28 female rats divided into 7 groups of four rats. It was a question for the hypoglycemic activity of administering various doses of silver nanoparticles and other substances to the rats thirty minutes after the carbohydrate intake and for the anti-hyperglycemic activity of administering the same substances to the rats thirty minutes before the carbohydrate intake. The extraction yield was 8.76%. Only the alkaloid test was negative. After acute toxicity study, the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg. Blood sugar tests revealed that glibenclamide 5 mg/kg, which is the reference molecule, lowered blood sugar more than the other treatments applied in the other batches. It was followed by treatment with silver nanoparticles at a dose of 400 μg/kg in both tests. It was therefore concluded that silver nanoparticles from G. tessmannii are good for the formulation of improved traditional medicines and bring up their afficacity .

关键词： Guibourtia tessmannii Nanoparticles Hypoglycemia Anti-Hyperglycemia

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Epidemiological and Histopathological Profile of Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Study in the Pathology Department of the University Clinics of Kinshasa

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第6期15卷 239-249页

作者： Rive Lukuaku Buanza Jérémie Okumadi Lukuke Fabrice Bokambandja Lolangwa Andy Mbangama Muela Matthieu Loposo Nkumu françois Beya Kabongo Renault Kambere Sitamuina Jean-Marie Mpolesha Kabongo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa DRC Department of Pathological Anatomy University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC Gyneco-Obstetrics Department University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC Department of Surgery Urology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC

Background: Prostate cancer, the most common male cancer, represents a real public health problem in terms of its frequency and severity in different countries around the world. It disproportionately affects people of African descent wherever they live in the world [1]. To the best of our knowledge, its extent and particularities in the African environment are not well known. Objective: To determine the epidemiological and histopathological profile of prostate cancer in the CUK anatomopathology department. Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted at the University Clinics of Kinshasa Anapathology Department from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2022, a period of 8 years. Word processing and tables were entered using the Hp brand computer, with Microsoft Office WORD 2016 software. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 22.0 software. Results were presented in tables and figures. Results: Prostate was diagnosed in 132 cases, i.e. 1.58% of all CUK laboratory analyses and 8% of cancers diagnosed. The age group most affected was 66-75 years, i.e. 59% of all subjects. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type, and biopsy dominated in 111 cases (84.1%). Conclusion: Prostate cancer is a real public health problem. Worldwide, and in the Democratic Republic of Congo, it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men, and the leading cause of cancer-related death in men. In the DRC, because of the delay in consulting our patients and the weakness of systematic screening, patients are seen at an advanced stage of the disease. Treatment is multidisciplinary, involving surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (including targeted therapies). Patient awareness and screening campaigns will help to considerably reduce the delay in diagnosis and the morbidity and mortality associated with prostate cancer.

关键词： Prostate Gleason Score Democratic Republic of Congo

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End-of-Pregnancy Monitoring at CHUMEFJE through the Functional Investigation Centre (FIC) in 2022

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 186-192页

作者： Ulysse Pascal Minkobame Zaga Minko Opheelia Makoyo Komba Pamphile Assoumou Obiang Anouchka Mewie Lendzinga Elsy Ntsame Mezui Irenee Edzo Mvono Jacques Albert Bang Ntamack Jean françois Meye Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Health Sciences Libreville Gabon

Introduction: The end of pregnancy is a high-risk period for both mother and foetus. Rigorous monitoring can prevent complications before delivery. Materials and Method: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional observational study. It took place in the delivery room of the Teacher hospital Mother and Child of Jeanne Ebori Fondation from the 01 October 2020 to 01 October 2021. All patients followed at the Functional Investigation Centre (FIC) of the CHUMEFJE and who gave birth in that same hospital were included. Data were collected on the basis of pregnancy diaries, the fic register and delivery room registers. They were analysed using SPSS Statistical Software. Results: During the period of our study, 4086 parturients arrived in the delivery room. Of these, 150 were followed up at the FIC, giving a prevalence of 3.7%. The majority of parturients (48%) had only one prenatal contact. 6 (4%) patients underwent pelvic scans, and 4 (2.6%) presented with a narrowed pelvis. A vaginal delivery was performed in 80% of cases, and of the caesarean sections, 9 (30%) could be scheduled. The maternal prognosis was marred by one post-partum complication of hypertension, and newborns with poor adaptation to life outside the womb accounted for 3.3% of cases. Conclusion: The Functional Investigation Centre makes it possible to detect anomalies at the end of pregnancy with a view to better planning of delivery.

关键词： Follow-Up End of Pregnancy Scheduled Caesarean Section Prognosis

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Contribution of Computed Tomography to the Diagnosis of Urinary Lithiasis in a West African University Hospital

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 25-32页

作者： Some Milckisédek Judicaël Marouruana Tankoano Aïda Ida Ouedraogo Pakisba Ali Tonde Kouka françois Dassis Kindo Bassirou Zanga Soré Moussa Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Bamouni Yomboé Abel Department of Medical Imaging Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital University of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Souro Sanou University Hospital Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Charles de Gaulle University Paediatric Hospital Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Bogodogo University Hospital Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Workers Health Office Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Urinary lithiasis is defining as a condition characterized by the formation of concretions in the kidneys or urinary excretory tract. We aimed to study professional practice in CT urinary lithiasis at CHUYO. Materials and method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection covering 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: In general, it was noted that CT scans in our environment provide all the elements needed by urologists to diagnose urinary lithiasis and its impact on the urinary system. However, there are shortcomings, particularly in terms of the accuracy of the shape and density of the stones in the CT scan reports, which does not make it easier for urologists to decide on treatment. Conclusion: Computed tomography plays a major role in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of urinary lithiasis, and its use needs to be improved in our context.

关键词： Computed Tomography Urinary Lithiasis Diagnosis CHUYO

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Epidemio-Clinical-Histopathological Aspects and Therapeutics of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Conjunctival at the University Hospital Center of Bouake

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 159-167页

作者： Philippe Emile france Koffi Bile Pierre Windinmanegde Djiguimde Gossé françois Diomandé Zana Diabate Kouassi franck-Hermann Koffi Liliale Ella Godé Ange Mickael Goule Opeyemi Babayeju Yves Ouattara Ibrahim Abib Diomande Ophthalmology Department University Hospital Center Bouake C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Ophthalmology Department University Hospital Center Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is one of the most common malignancies in the elderly. Purpose: To describe the specific aspects of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva and to determine the therapeutic modalities. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study carried out at the University Hospital Center of Bouake over a period of 9 years (From January 2015 to December 2023). We identified all malignant oculo-adnexal and orbital tumors whose histopathological diagnosis was confirmed;monitoring the sorting of squamous cell carcinomas of the conjunctiva among these cancers and studying the different parameters linked to them. Results: The average age of patients is 44.3 years. Male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.12. HIV was the majority ATCD with 64.7%. The main reason for consultation was exophthalmos (36.11%). The average consultation time was 10 months 13 days. Invasive differentiated conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma was predominant at 55.56%. Enucleation was the most performed surgical method. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is a malignant ocular tumor of the elderly whose frequency increases in young adults infected with HIV-AIDS. Invasive differentiated forms are increasingly encountered, limiting treatment to mutilating surgery.

关键词： Malignant Tumor Ocular Carcinoma Conjunctiva

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Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Northern Benin: Follow up of a Cohort at the Borgou/Alibori Branch of Integrated Medical Healthcare Center for Infants and Pregnant Women with Sickle Cell Disease from 2017 to 2022

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 445-458页

作者： Falilatou Agbeille Mohamed Alphonse Noudamadjo Médétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Yémalin Zinsou françois Anikè Akinola Kpedio Clarisse Marie Chantal Bossa Julien Didier Adédémy Joseph Agossou Teaching and Research Unit Department of Mother and Child Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Integrated Healthcare Center for Infants and Pregnant Women with Sickle Cell Disease (CPMI-NFED) Branch of Borgou/Alibori Parakou Benin

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. A national referral center for the management of infants and pregnant women with sickle cell disease (CPMI-NFED) was created three decades ago in Cotonou, in the south of Benin with two regional branches including that of Parakou in the North for better access of patients to specialized care. This work is a review of five years of activities in order to describe the epidemiological, clinical, hematological and evolutionary profiles of the children followed up in the said branch. Method: This was a descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study on the medical records of children with sickle cell disease, followed up at the regional branch of CPMI-NFED in Borgou/Alibori from June 1, 2017 to May 31, 2022. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical, biological and evolutionary. Results: A total of 101 children with sickle cell disease were included in the study, including 78 homozygous SS (77.2%) and 23 heterozygous SC (22.8%). Their mean age at inclusion was 51.2 ± 37.6 months [6 - 204]. The sex ratio was 1.4. Vaso-occlusive crises were the main diagnostic circumstances in 42.3% of homozygotes. More than half of the children (51.5%) had a regular follow-up. The average baseline level of hemoglobin (Hb) in homozygous children was 8.8 ± 1.4 g/dl [5.8 - 11.5];and the rate of Hb S varied between 61.9 and 94.7%. In heterozygous SC children, the mean baseline level of Hb was 10.7 ± 0.6 g/dl [9.7 - 11.5]. Acute complications observed during follow-up were dominated by pneumonia and vaso-occlusive crises in both phenotypes. The overall mortality was 3% and only affected homozygous patients. Conclusion: On average, three out of four children were homozygous in our cohort. The main acute complications were infectious and vaso-occlusive. The mortality only affected homozygous carriers. Specialized follow-up has contributed to improving the quality of life of children with sickle cel

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Children CPMI-NFED Parakou Benin

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Opinions of Students on the Contribution of the DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table to the Teaching of Anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2024年第2期12卷 13-25页

作者： Abdoulaye Kanté Tata Touré Ousmane Toumany Chérif Haidara Uhl Jean françois Mariam Daou Mamadou A. Keita Bakary Keïta Bréhima Bengaly Drissa Traoré Adégné Togo Nouhoum Ongoïba Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako Bamako Mali University of Paris Descartes Paris France Department of Neurology The Gabriel Tour&#233 University Hospital Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery The Kati Health Center Bamako Mali Anesthesia-Resuscitation Service Commune I Reference Health Center Bamako Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery The Gabriel Tour&#233 University Hospital Bamako Mali

Objective: Study the contribution of the DIVA 3D dissection table in the teaching of anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology of Bamako. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study carried out from November 1 to December 30, 2023 at the clinical and morphological anatomy laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako. Included in this study were students who participated in practical and tutorial sessions. The variables studied during this study were: the previous performance of dissection on a cadaver by the students, the opinion of the students on dissection on a cadaver, the replacement of dissection on a cadaver by virtual dissection in the absence of a body, the level student satisfaction. Results: We surveyed 130 participants. The average age was 22 ± 0.2 years with extremes of 17 and 29 years. 95.3% of participants were students. According to 66.7% of participants, virtual dissection is a good palliative in the absence of a corpse. 95.3% of participants found using the virtual dissection table easy with an average of 7.88 ± 1.4. The overall assessment was well rated by 99.3% of participants. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the virtual dissection table should be improved by integrating commented videos. The use of the DIVA 3D virtual dissection table during practical and tutorial sessions is well appreciated by the students. We believe that the teaching of anatomy using 3D digital technology should be included in the study programs of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology.

关键词： Student Opinion Contribution DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table Anatomy Teaching FMOS

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Influence of Prenatal Surveillance on Maternal and Perinatal Prognosis: A Prospective Study over 6 Months at the Maternity Ward of the Owendo University Hospital (Gabon)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第2期14卷 301-311页

作者： Boniface Sima Ole Sidy Gérard Mba Edou Ulysse Minkobam Désire Assoume Ophélie Makoyo Komba Nathalie Ambounda Pamphile Assoumou Jacques Albert Bang Ntamack Sosthène Mayi Tsonga Jean françois Meye Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Owendo University Hospital Owendo Gabon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine of Libreville Libreville Gabon

Introduction: The occurrence of pregnancy in women is a risky situation. Prenatal care is necessary, which is not often the case in our context. Aim: To analyze the influence of antenatal surveillance on maternal and perinatal prognosis. Patients and Method: Preliminary longitudinal and analytical survey at the Owendo University Hospital (OHU) over 6 months. It focused on prenatal surveillance. The study population consisted of parturients who gave birth within 24 hours and we studied sociodemographic characteristics, variables related to antenatal contact, those of delivery as well as maternal and newborn outcomes. Results: 2485 deliveries were recorded and 1300 patients were retained according to the inclusion criteria. No prenatal contact (ANC0) was performed in 93 (7.15%), insufficient (ANCI) in 943 patients (72.5%), and sufficient (ANCS) in 264 patients (20.30%). Patients with low school level were significantly found when the NPC was not performed or insufficient and the same was true for the group of patients who were not employed and those who were single (p < 0.005). The caesarean section rate and perinatal mortality are high in this case. Conclusion: The quality of prenatal contact is insufficient in our context. The absence or inadequacy of the latter has a strong negative impact on maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

关键词： ANC Insufficiency Maternal Pathologies Perinatal Death Gabon

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Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Children Exposed to SARS-CoV-2 at the COVID-19 Treatment Center at the ISIRO Hospital and WATSA in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 73-81页

作者： Hilaire Lisimo Abwa David Azako Michel Ngbatala Bienvenu Apenya Jolie Mambeizidra Julbert Malangu Eugene Kumbodimo George Mutuale Herman Luhavo Jean Claude Gbundu Fiston Bolanda françois Enze Marie Tasile Yvette Kpakpo Nyange Nicholas Katembo Clinics Universitaires Uele Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Uele Isiro Democratic Republic of the Congo General Hospital of Isiro Isiro Democratic Republic of the Congo Division Provinciale de la Sant du Haut Ul Isiro Democratic Republic of the Congo Additional Vaccination Program for Watsa Watsa Democratic Republic of the Congo Center Hospitalier KIBALI Durba Democratic Republic of the Congo Hospital General of Watsa Watsa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Introduction: COVID-19, an emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), typically presents with mild clinical manifestations in pediatric populations. As in many other regions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the COVID-19 pandemic affected children in Haut-Uélé, a province bordering South Sudan and Uganda. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 in pediatric population in this area. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a 6-month period from August 1, 2021 to February 7, 2022. It included all patients aged 0 to 19 years with confirmed COVID-19 using RT-PCR and managed at the COVID-19 Treatment Centers (CTCO) in ISIRO and WATSA. Data were collected from patient records supplemented by the dataset from the service of Health Information System (SNIS) and the Epidemiological Surveillance Commission of the Provincial Health Division (DPS). Epidemiological and clinical profiles were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, Version 18. Results: During the 4th wave of the pandemic, 5 out of 13 health zones in Haut-Uélé province were affected, with a total of 569 recorded cases;45 of them were children aged 0 to 19 years (7.9%). Asymptomatic cases accounted for 33.3% (15 cases). The mean age was 9.88 ± 5.49 years, with the most affected age group being 10 - 14 years (44.45%). There was a predominance of males (73.3%), with a male-to-female sex ratio of 2.75. Half of the patients (53.3%) were from Watsa Health Zone. A seasonal peak was observed between December and January. Comorbidities were present in 10% of infected patients, and nearly half of participants were contacts of infected individuals. The primary reasons for admission were fever (66.66%), followed by rhinorrhea (57.77%) and cough (31.11%). All patients responded favorably to treatment. Conclusion: The proportion of pediatric COVID-19 cases at t

关键词： COVID-19 Morbi-Mortal Emergency Haut-Uélé

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