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Application of artifcial intelligence in cataract management:current and future directions

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Laura Gutierrez Jane Sujuan Lim Li Lian foo Wei Yan Ng Michelle Yip Gilbert Yong San Lim Melissa Hsing Yi Wong Allan fong Mohamad Rosman Jodhbir Singth Mehta Haotian Lin Darren Shu Jeng Ting Daniel Shu Wei Ting Singapore Eye Research Institute SingaporeSingapore Singapore National Eye Center 11 Third Hospital AvenueSingapore 168751Singapore Academic Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yet Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

The rise of artifcial intelligence(AI)has brought breakthroughs in many areas of *** ophthalmology,AI has delivered robust results in the screening and detection of diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,and retinopathy of *** management is another feld that can beneft from greater AI *** is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment with a rising global clinical *** diagnosis,monitoring,and surgical management are necessary to address this *** addition,patients in large developing countries often sufer from limited access to tertiary care,a problem further exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 *** on the other hand,can help transform cataract management by improving automation,efcacy and overcoming geographical ***,AI can be applied as a telediagnostic platform to screen and diagnose patients with cataract using slit-lamp and fundus *** utilizes a deep-learning,convolutional neural network(CNN)to detect and classify referable cataracts ***,some of the latest intraocular lens formulas have used AI to enhance prediction accuracy,achieving superior postoperative refractive results compared to traditional ***,AI can be used to augment cataract surgical skill training by identifying diferent phases of cataract surgery on video and to optimize operating theater workfows by accurately predicting the duration of surgical ***,some AI CNN models are able to efectively predict the progression of posterior capsule opacifcation and eventual need for YAG laser *** advances in AI could transform cataract management and enable delivery of efcient ophthalmic *** key challenges include ethical management of data,ensuring data security and privacy,demonstrating clinically acceptable performance,improving the generalizability of AI models across heterogeneous populations,and improving the trust of e

关键词： Artifcial intelligence Telemedicine Cataract Cataract screening Cataract surgery IOL calculations Biometry Machine learning

Incidence of urinary incontinence following endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of 5068 patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 233-238页

作者： Daniele Castellani Vineet Gauhar Khi Yung fong Mario Sofer Moisés Rodríguez Socarrás Azimdjon N Tursunkulov Lie Kwok ying Sarvajit Biligere Ho Yee Tiong Dean Elterman Abhay Mahajan Mark Taratkin Sorokin Nikolai Ivanovich Tanuj Pal Bhatia Dmitry Enikeev Nariman Gadzhiev Mohammed Taif Bendigeri Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Marco Dellabella Fernando Gómez Sancha Bhaskar Kumar Somani Thomas Reinhard William Herrmann Urology Unit IRCCS INRCAAncona 60127Italy Urology Unit Marche University HospitalLe Marche Polytechnic UniversityAncona 60126Italy Department of Urology Ng Teng Fong General HospitalSingapore 609606Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Urology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterAffiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery ICUA-Clínica CEMTROMadrid 28701Spain Urology Division Akfa Medline HospitalTashkent 100211Uzbekistan Advanced Urology Gleneagles HospitalSingapore 258499Singapore Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore Divisionof Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoOntarioToronto M5G 2C4Canada Department of Urology Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Medical College and HospitalAurangabad 431003India Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health Sechenov UniversityMoscow119435Russian Federation Department of Urologyand Andrology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119992Russian Federation Department of Urology Sarvodaya Hospital and Research CentreFaridabadHaryana 121006India Department of Urology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Urology Saint-Petersburg State University HospitalSaint-Petersburg 199034Russian Federation Department of Urology Asian Institute of Nephrology and UrologyHyderabad 500082India S.H.Ho UrologyCentre Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 96H2+Q9China Department of Urology University Hospitals Southampton NHS TrustSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Urology Cantonal Hospital Thurgau AGFraunfeld 8500Switzerland

We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing EEP for benign prostaticenlargement in 12 centers between January 2020 and January *** were presented as median and interquartile range(IQR).Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI).There were 1711 patients in Group 1 and 3357 patients in Group *** in Group 2were significantly younger(68[62–73]years vs 69[63–74]years,P=0.002).Median(interquartile range)prostate volume(PV)wassimilar between the groups(70[52–92]ml in Group 1 vs 70[54–90]ml in Group 2,P=0.774).There was no difference in preoperativeInternational Prostate Symptom Score,quality of life,or maximum flow ***,morcellation,and total surgical time weresignificantly shorter in Group *** 1 month,overall incontinence rate was 6.3%in Group 1 versus 5.3%in Group 2(P=0.12),and urge incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1(55.1%vs 37.3%in Group 2,P<0.001).After 3 months,the overall rate ofincontinence was 1.7%in Group 1 versus 2.3%in Group 2(P=0.06),and SUI was significantly higher in Group 2(55.6%vs 24.1%in Group 1,P=0.002).At multivariable analysis,PV and IPSS were factors significantly associated with higher odds of transient SUI/***,surgical time,and no early apical release technique were factors associated with higher odds of persistent SUI/MUI.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia en-bloc enucleation endoscopic enucleation of the prostate laser therapy stress urinaryincontinence urge urinary incontinence

Optimization and evaluation of reduced graphene oxide hydrogel composite as a demulsifier for heavy crude oil-in-water emulsion

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第5期34卷 297-305页

作者： Kin Kit fong Inn Shi Tan Henry Chee Yew foo Man Kee Lam Adrian Chiong Yuh Tiong Steven Lim Department of Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin UniversityCDT 25098009 MiriSarawakMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin UniversityMiri 98009Malaysia Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar 32610Malaysia HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable BuildingUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar 32610Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanKajang 43000Malaysia Centre for Photonics and Advanced Materials Research Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanKajang 43000Malaysia

The rising production of produced water from oilfields had been proven to bring detrimental environmental *** this study,an efficient,recyclable,and environmental-friendly reduced graphene oxide immobilizedκ-Carrageenan hydrogel composite(κCaGO)was fabricated as an alternative sorbent for crude oil-in-water ***(PEI)was employed to form a stable hydrogel *** conditions for the immobilization of graphene oxide(GO)on PEI-modifiedκ-Carrageenan(κC)beads were optimized *** immobilization yield of 77%was attained at 2%PEI,2 h immobilization activation time,and pH ***,the synthesizedκCaGO is capable of demulsification with an average demulsification efficiency of 70%.It was found that the demulsification efficiency increases with salinity andκCaGO dosage,and it deteriorates under alkaline *** phenomena can be attributed to the interfacial interactions betweenκCaGO and the ***,theκCaGO can be recycled to use for up to six cycles without significant leaching and *** such,the synthesizedκCaGO could be further developed as a potential sorbent substitute for the separation of crude oil from produced water.

关键词： Graphene oxide κ-Carrageenan Adsorbents Demulsification Composites Waste water

Antitumor immunity induced by the photodynamic action of BAM-SiPc,a silicon(IV)phthalocyanine photosensitizer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 676-678页

作者： ying Zhang Dennis K.P.Ng Wing-Ping fong School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising approach to treat cancer.1 It involves the use of three individually nontoxic substances to produce a toxic effect.A photosensitizer,when illuminated with light of an appropriate wavelength,will be activated and convert molecular oxygen into reactive oxygen species(ROS),which can then kill tumor *** success of PDT depends on its potency as well as the targeting of the photosensitizer to the tumor site.2 For example,in photoimmunotherapy,the photosensitizer is conjugated to monoclonal antibodies that direct the photosensitizer to tumor cells that express the specific antigen recognized by the antibodies,and the tumor cells are killed upon light irradiation of the tumor site.3 This direct cytotoxicity is useful in treating localized tumor;however,it has limited applicability when metastasis *** this regard,the activation of antitumor immunity appears to be more promising because most cancer patients die,not from localized tumor,but from cancer metastasis and relapse.

关键词： immunity metastasis cancer

A Review on Electrospinning as Versatile Supports for Diverse Nanofibers and Their Applications in Environmental Sensing

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第2期5卷 429-460页

作者： Jialing Song Xuanhao Lin Liang ying Ee Sam fong Yau Li Manhong Huang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco‑TextileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore 117543Singapore State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute T Lab Bldg5A Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117411Singapore

Rapid industrialization is accompanied by the deterioration of the natural *** deepening crisis associated with the ecological environment has garnered widespread attention toward strengthening environmental monitoring and *** sensors are one of the key technologies for environmental monitoring,ultimately enabling environmental *** recent decades,micro/nanomaterials have been widely studied and applied in environmental sensing owing to their unique dimensional *** has been developed and adopted as a facile,quick,and effective technology to produce continuous micro-and nanofiber *** technology has advanced rapidly and become one of the hotspots in the field of nanomaterials *** sensors made from electrospun nanofibers possess many advantages,such as having a porous structure and high specific surface area,which effectively improve their performance in environmental ***,by introducing functional nanomaterials(carbon nanotubes,metal oxides,conjugated polymers,etc.)into electrospun fibers,synergistic effects between different materials can be utilized to improve the catalytic activity and sensitivity of the *** this review,we aimed to outline the progress of research over the past decade on electrospinning nanofibers with different morphologies and functional characteristics in environmental sensors.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibers Environmental sensing Functional nanomaterials

Difference Among Similarity:A Study on Macao Students’Adjustment Experiences in Taiwan’s Higher Education Systems

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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第4期4卷 764-787页

作者： Chi fong Chan ying-Jie Jheng Macao Polytechnic Institute Taiwan Sport University

Purpose:This study focused on cross-region student mobility to explore whether Macao students have adjustment issues while studying and living in ***/Approach/Methods:A total of 663 Macao students were surveyed in Taiwan,and the statistical methods,including correlation,t-test,analysis of variance,and hierarchical regression analysis were addressed to analyze the ***:Macao students,even while studying in a Chinese context,did have social and psychological adjustment issues(i.e.,social support and self-efficacy).Originality/Value:This study could shed some light on understanding cross-region students as well as providing practical guides for relevant governmental departments in their policy regarding outbound students.

关键词： Adjustment cross-region student mobility Macao self-efficacy social support

Capecitabine with radiation is an effective adjuvant therapy in gastric cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第29期16卷 3709-3715页

作者： Chee Kian Tham Su Pin Choo Donald Yew Hee Poon Han Chong Toh Simon Yew Kuang Ong Sze Huey Tan Michael Lian Chek Wang Kian fong foo Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore

AIM:To analyze the outcome of patients who received concurrent capecitabine(Xeloda) and radiation(XRT) compared to the established concurrent 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) with radiation(5FU-RT) and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone as adjuvant treatment in gastric ***:All patients with gastric cancers who received adjuvant treatment at the National Cancer Centre Singapore between 1996 and 2006 were *** outcomes of patients who received XRT were compared with those who had 5FU-RT or chemotherapy alone as adjuvant therapy for gastric ***:A total of 108 patients were *** age at diagnosis was *** majority of the patients(64.8%) had advanced stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ disease(with no distant metastasis).All except 4 patients had D2 *** one patients(19.4%) had positive surgical resection *** three patients received XRT compared with 52 who had 5FU-RT and 23 who received chemotherapy *** the patients in the chemotherapy-only group,all had fluoropyrimidine-based therapy,with added cisplatin in 7 patients and epirubicin in 2 *** recurrence-free survival was longer for the XRT group(52 mo) compared to the 5FU-RT(35 mo) and chemotherapy-only groups(25 mo)(P=0.48).The patients in the XRT group achieved similar median overall survival(53 mo) as the 5FU-RT(54 mo) and the chemotherapy-only groups(44 mo)(P=0.5).CONCLUSION:Capecitabine with concurrent radiation was as effective as concurrent 5FU with radiation or fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone when used as adjuvant treatment in patients with gastric cancers.

关键词： Capecitabine Radiation Gastric cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy

Pathophysiology of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第3期4卷 152-157页

作者： Keong Tatt foo Department of Urology Singapore General HospitalSingapore

A disease can be defined as an abnormal anatomy(pathology)and/or function(physiology)that may cause harm to the *** clinical benign prostatic hyperplasis(BPH),the abnormal anatomy is prostate adenoma/adenomata,resulting in a varying degree of benign prostatic obstruction(BPO)that may cause harm to the bladder or *** clinical BPH can be defined as such and be differentiated from other less common causes of male lower urinary tract *** of the prostate adenoma/adenomata(PA)can be made by measuring the intravesical prostatic protrusion(IPP)and prostate volume(PV)with non-invasive transabdominal ultrasound(TAUS)in the *** PA can then be graded(phenotyped)according to IPP and *** studies have shown a good correlation between IPP/PV and BPO,and therefore progression of the *** severity of the disease clinical BPH can be classified into stages from stage Ⅰ to Ⅳ for further *** classification is based on the effect of BPO on bladder functions,namely that of emptying,normal if postvoid residual urine(PVRU)100 *** effect of BPO on quality of life(QoL)can be assessed by the QoL index,with a score≥3 considered *** with no significant obstruction and no bothersome symptoms would be stage Ⅰ;those with no significant obstruction but has bothersome symptoms(QoL≥3)would be stage Ⅱ;those with significant obstruction(PVRU>100 mL;or MVV<100 mL),irrespective of symptoms would be stage Ⅲ;those with complications of the disease clinical BPH such as retention of urine,bladder stones,recurrent bleeding or infections would be stage Ⅳ.After assessment,further management can then be individualised.A low grade and stage disease can generally be watched(active surveillance)while a high grade and stage disease would need more invasive management with an option for *** final decision making would take into account the patient’s age,co-morbidity,so

关键词： Pathophysiology Clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia Grading Staging Definition Clinical relevance

Resection with limb salvage in an Asian male adolescent withEwing’s sarcoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第22期10卷 7960-7967页

作者： Chien-ying Lai Kuan-Ju Chen Tsung-Yu Ho Ling-Yi Li Chien-Chung Kuo Hsien-Te Chen Yi-Chin fong Department of Orthopedic Surgery China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404Taiwan Spine Center China Medical University HospitalTaichung 404Taiwan School of Medicine China Medical UniversityTaichung 404Taiwan

BACKGROUNDEwing’s sarcoma is a highly malignant primary bone tumor that commonly affectschildren. For young patients, multidisciplinary treatment and limb salvage arerecommended, and surgical plans considering the growth potential and boneactivity after tumor resection are *** SUMMARYAn 11-year-old Asian boy had a 1-mo history of a right-sided limping *** revealed a proximal tumor with bone destruction and physealinvolvement over the right femoral neck. He was diagnosed with stage IV(T1N0M1aG3) Ewing’s sarcoma with bilateral lung metastases. Neoadjuvantchemotherapy decreased the tumor size and confined it to the metaphysealregion. The patient underwent four stages of surgery: wide tumor excision plusreconstruction with vascular fibular bone graft plus internal fixation;repeat openreduction and internal fixation;femoral lengthening with orthosis after physealmaturity;and orthosis removal and bone elongation (approximately 6 cm).Following surgery, he could walk without discomfort and had almost equal-sizedbilateral femoral heads, indicating physis preservation. The surgery wassuccessful, and normal femoral head growth was achieved after completeremission. The patient was able to resume normal activities with equal length ofthe bilateral lower *** treatment and reconstruction following resection are important in skeletally immature patients with Ewing’s sarcoma to improve quality of life.

关键词： Ewing’s sarcoma Lower limb discrepancy Orthosis Vascular fibular graft Reconstruction Case report