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Synergistic nano-tribological interaction between zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP)and methyl oleate for biodiesel-fueled engines

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Friction 2021年第3期9卷 612-626页

作者： Siti Hartini HAMDAN Chiew tin LEE Mei Bao LEE William Woei fong CHONG cheng Tung CHONG Suhaila Mohd SANIP Bio-Engineering Technology Department University Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical&Bioengineering Technology(UniKL MICET)Alor Gajah 78000Malaysia School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)Johor Bahru 81310Malaysia Automotive Development Centre(ADC) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)Johor Bahru 81310Malaysia China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Southampton Malaysia(UoSM)Iskandar Puteri 79200Malaysia

In biodiesel-fueled compression-ignition(CI)engines,dilution by unburned biodiesel has been found to have adverse effects on the boundary lubrication properties of additives in fully formulated engine *** dilution of engine lubricants could be even more pronounced for CI engines running on higher blend concentrations of *** the nanoscopic nature of the interaction,this study seeks to determine the nano-tribological properties of an engine lubricant additive(e.g.,zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP))when diluted with a fatty acid methyl ester(e.g.,methyl oleate).Using lateral force microscopy(LFM)together with a fluid imaging technique,the lowest nanoscopic friction forces and coefficient of friction values(0.068-0.085)were measured for ZDDP when diluted with 70 vol%of methyl *** values are also observed to be lower than those measured for neat ZDDP and neat methyl oleate,respectively,under similar ***,interpreting the data with the Eyring thermal activation energy approach,it could then be elucidated that the lower frictional losses observed for the contact lubricated with this volumetric mixture are a result of the lower potential energy barrier and activation energy required to initiate *** energy values are approximated to be 2.6%and 28.9%(respectively)lower than that of the contact lubricated with neat *** was also found that the mixture,at this volumetric concentration,possesses the highest possible pressure activation energy(load-carrying capacity)along with the lowest possible shear activation energy(shearing),potentially indicating optimum tribological conditions for boundary ***,the findings of this study suggest that an optimum concentration threshold exists in which a synergistic nano-tribological interaction between additives and fatty acid methyl esters can be attained,potentially reducing boundary frictional losses of lubricated *** findings could prove to be ess

关键词： boundary lubrication lateral force microscopy thermal activation energy methyl ester boundary additives

Modeling endodermal organ development and diseases using human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第8期12卷 580-592页

作者： fong cheng Pan Todd Evans Shuibing Chen Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10065USA

Recent advances in development of protocols for directed differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)to defined lineages,in combination with 3D organoid technology,have facilitated the generation of various endoderm-derived organoids for in vitro modeling of human gastrointestinal development and associated *** this review,we discuss current state-ofthe-art strategies for generating hPSC-derived endodermal organoids including stomach,liver,pancreatic,small intestine,and colonic *** also review the advantages of using this system to model various human diseases and evaluate the shortcomings of this ***,we emphasize how other technologies,such as genome editing and bioengineering,can be incorporated into the 3D hPSC-organoid models to generate even more robust and powerful platforms for understanding human organ development and disease modeling.

关键词： human pluripotent stem cells endoderm gastrointestinal development disease modeling

A Stability Criterion for Time-Delay Tension Leg Platform Systems Subjected to External Force

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China Ocean Engineering 2009年第1期23卷 49-57页

作者： Chen-Yuan CHEN Chien-wen SHEN cheng-Wu CHEN Kevin fong-Rey LIU Ming-Jen cheng Department of Management Information System Yung- Ta Institute of Technology and Commerce Ping-Tung County 90941 China Department of logistics Management National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technalgy Kaohsiung City 811 China Department of Logistics Management Shu- Te University Kaohsiung 82445 China Graduate Institute of Management National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technolgy Kaohsiung City 811 China Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology Taipei 24301 China

Stability analysis plays a central role in nonlinear system theory and engineering application. Over the past few years, the stability analysis of fuzzy systems has been proposed and there are many successful applications in practical engineering. Therefore, in this paper firstly proposed is the stability analysis on oceanic structure by fuzzy models. In the present study, Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） fuzzy model is proposed for a time delay tension leg platform （TLP） system subjected to an external wave force. In terms of stability analysis, linear matrix inequality （LMI） conditions are derived via Lyapunov theory to guarantee the stability of the TLP system.

关键词： linear matrix inequality tension leg platform fuzzy model

Advanced nanofabrication for elastic inorganic aerogels

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8842-8862页

作者： Xiaota cheng Xinyi Chang Fan Wu Yalong Liao Kai Pan Hao fong Jianyong Yu Yi-Tao Liu Bin Ding Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Aerospace Institute of Advanced Material and Processing Technology Beijing 100074China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Inorganic aerogels with low density,high porosity,large specific surface area,and superior mechanical properties are excellent candidate materials in fields such as thermal management,energy,catalysis,and biomedical applications.A comprehensive overview of existing elastic inorganic aerogels is provided,covering their structural units,preparation methods,mechanical performances,and ***,based on the constituent building blocks and microstructures,a detailed analysis of the mechanical properties and guidelines for elastic design of aerogels is *** with a succinct summary of prospective developmental direction,this review deliberates on the challenges and potential opportunities of elastic inorganic aerogels,with the intent of providing a versatile platform for designing new types of elastic inorganic aerogels for various applications.

关键词： inorganic aerogels compressive stretchable fabrication mechanical performances applications

Sonographic fatty liver and hepatitis B virus carrier status: Synergistic effect on liver damage in Taiwan Residents adults

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第12期13卷 1805-1810页

作者： Yu-cheng Lin Shu-tin Hsiao Jong-Dar Chen Department of Family Medicine and Center for Environmental and Occupational Medicine Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan China Institute of Occupational Medicine Industrial Hygiene National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan China

AIM: To examine the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus carrier status (HBVC) and sonographic fatty liver (SFL) in Taiwan Residents adults, and to evaluate their possible interaction in inducing liver damage (LD). From an epidemiological viewpoint, we analyzed previous studies which indicated that fatty liver sensitizes host immune response to HBV infection and enhances liver ***: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis of health records including medical history, physical examination, abdominal sonogram, blood biochemistry and hepatic virological tests. We utilized the Student's t-test, chi-square, multivariate logistic regression and synergy index to assess risks for ***: Among a total of 5406 Taiwan Residents adults (mean age 46.2 years, 51.5% males), the prevalence of LD, HBVC and SFL were 12.3%, 15.1% and 33.4%, respectively; 5.1% of participants had SFL plus HBVC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male gender (odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3-3.5), overweight state (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-2.0), HBVC (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 2.0-3.1) and SFL (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.2-5.3) were independently associated with LD. Synergism analysis showed that the adjusted OR for LD in adults with HBVC-alone was 3.3 (95% CI: 2.4-4.6), SFL-alone, 4.7 (95% CI: 3.7-6.1) and combined HBVC and SFL, 9.5 (95% CI: 6.8-13.3); the synergy index was 1.4 (95% CI: 1.001-2.0).CONCLUSION: In Taiwan Residents adults, SFL plus HBVC have a significant synergistic association with LD.

关键词： Fatty liver Hepatitis B virus Sonography Synergism

High speed small gauge anterior vitrectomy cutter for scleral fixated intraocular lens implantation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第1期10卷 77-80页

作者： Yuan Bo Liang Yoly Y.Y. fong Lulu L. cheng Alvin L. Young Clinical and Epidemiological Eye Research Center the Affiliated Eye Hospital School of Optometry and OphthalmologyWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 ZhejiangProvince China Department of Ophthalmology ＆ Visual Sciences the ChineseUniversity of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital ShatinHong Kong China

AIM： To report the outcomes of anterior vitrectomy using high speed cutter for scleral fixated intraocular lens （SFIOL） implantation in patients with posterior capsular rupture .METHODS： Medical records of 51 patients with posterior capsular rupture who received high speed cutter anterior vitrectomy via limbal incision with SFIOL implantation from June 2011 to December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively for visual outcomes and ***： Totally 51 eyes of 51 patients were identified （23 males and 28 females）. Mean age at surgery was 67.2±15y （range 27-91y）, with mean follow-up of 23±8.2mo （range 12-40mo）. The 49 （96.1%） eyes had improvement or unchanged of final postoperative visual acuity. The most common complication was vitreous haemorrhage （5.9%） and transient rise in intraocular pressure （5.9%） which all spontaneously resolved CONCLUSION： High speed cutter anterior vitrectomy via limbal incision is a safe and effective method for those with posterior capsular rupture for SFIOL implantation.

关键词： cataract aphakia posterior capsular rupture intraocular lens scleral fixation

Temporal Variations of the Frontal and Monsoon Storm Rainfall during the First Rainy Season in South China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第5期3卷 243-247页

作者： YUAN Fang WEI Ke CHEN Wen fong Soi Kun LEONG Ka cheng Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau Macao 999078 China

The temporal variations in storm rainfall during the first rainy season (FRS) in South China (SC) are investigated in this study. The results show that the inter-annual variations in storm rainfall during the FRS in SC seem to be mainly influenced by the frequency of storm rainfall, while both frequency and intensity affect the inter-decadal variations in the total storm rainfall. Using the definitions for the beginning and ending dates of the FRS, and the onset dates of the summer monsoon in SC, the FRS is further divided into two sub-periods, i.e., the frontal and monsoon rainfall periods. The inter-annual and inter-decadal variations in storm rainfall during these two periods are investigated here. The results reveal a significant out-of-phase correlation between the frontal and monsoon storm rainfall, especially on the inter-decadal timescale, the physical mechanism for which requires further investigation.

关键词： the first rainy season in South China the frontal storm rainfall the monsoon storm rainfall temporal variations

Projection of the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta's potential submerged area due to sea level rise during the 21st century based on CMIP5 simulations

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第9期34卷 78-84页

作者： XIA Jiangjiang YAN Zhongwei ZHOU Wen fong Soi Kun LEONG Ka cheng TANG Iu Man CHANG S W LEONG W K JIN Shaofei Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Centre School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong Kong Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau

Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level （GMSL） change and the Zhujiang （Pearl） River Delta （PRD） sea level change is calculated： an increase of 1.0 m in the GMSL corresponds to a 1.3 m （uncertainty interval from 1.25 to 1.46 m） increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GMSL rise projected by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios （representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5）, the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006-2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29 （0.21 to 0.40） m under RCP2.6, 0.31 （0.22 to 0.42） m under RCP4.5, and 0.34 （0.25 to 0.46） m under RCP8.5, respectively. By 2100, it will rise 0.59 （0.36 to 0.88） m, 0.71 （0.47 to 1.02） m, and 1.0 （0.68 to 1.41） m, respectively. In addition, considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence （i.e., 0.20 m） and that obtained from intermonthly variability （i.e., 0.33 m）, the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario with the upper uncertainty level （i.e., 1.41 m）. Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57x103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area.

关键词： sea level Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta (PRD) representative concentration pathways (RCPs) CMIP5 submerged area Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD)

Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome:a case report and literature review

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镜湖医学 2022年第1期22卷 67-69,I0002页

作者： LEONG Tip fong LEI cheng Department of Pediatric Kiang Wu HospitalMacao SARChina

Kawasaki disease(KD)is an acute self-limited febrile systemic vasculitis of unknown cause and often occurs in children under 5 years old[1].Macrophage activation syndrome(MAS),also known as secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH),is a life-threatening complication associated with autoimmune and/or inflammatory disorders including KD[2].The incidence of MAS in pediatric patients with KD has been reported to range 1.1~1.9%[3,4].KD-MAS has never been reported in *** this article,we presented the clinical features,laboratory characteristics,and treatment outcomes of a patient with KD complicated with MAS.

关键词： acute activation autoimmune