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opening of liver mitochondrial permeability transition pore in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and its inhibition by methanol fraction of Ficus mucoso(Welw) root bark

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第6期17卷 446-454页

作者： olubukola Titilope oyebode foluso olayemi ogunbiyi olufunso olabode olorunsogo Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Ibadan

objective: Several pathologies arise from the inappropriate opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition(mPT) pore. In this regard, inhibition of mPT pore represents a cytoprotective approach to preserve mitochondrial function for treatment of diseases characterized by excessive tissue wastage such as diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study, therefore, was to study the effects of fractions of Ficus mucoso, a medicinal plant used in the traditional treatment of diabetes, on mPT pore in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rat ***: Different solvent fractions of the crude methanol extract of F. mucoso were obtained by vacuum liquid chromatography and were tested on the mPT pore. of all the fractions tested, methanol fraction of F. mucoso(MFFM) was the most potent and was used for in vivo studies. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg STZ, while treatment lasted for 14 d. In vivo, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: A, normo-glycemic control(distilled water);B, STZ(65 mg/kg;diabetic control);C, STZ + MFFM(25 mg/kg);D, STZ + MFFM(50 mg/kg);E, STZ + glibenclamide(5 mg/kg). The mPT, mitochondrial ATPase activity, lipid peroxidation and cytochrome c release were assessed spectrophotometrically while blood glucose levels were monitored using ***: In vitro, the solvent fractions of F. mucoso, at all concentrations tested, had no effect on the mPT pore, in the absence of calcium, with no significant release of cytochrome c. Interestingly, calciumdependent pore opening was inhibited by all solvent fractions of F. mucoso, with the MFFM having the highest inhibitory effect of 83% at 3 mg/mL. Induction of opening of the mPT pore, significant(P of mitochondrial ATPase activity and elevated malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in STZ-induced diabetes were significantly(P omparable with the effects of glibenclamide, a standard antidiab

关键词： Mitochondria Ficus mucoso Permeability transition Cytochrome c

Substance use and substance use disorders in Africa:An epidemiological approach to the review of existing literature

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第10期12卷 1268-1286页

作者： olakunle James onaolapo Anthony Tope olofinnade foluso olamide ojo olufunto Adeleye Joshua Falade Adejoke Yetunde onaolapo Behavioral Neuroscience Unit Neuropharmacology SubdivisionDepartment of PharmacologyLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214 OyoNigeria Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics and ToxicologyLagos State UniversityIkeja 100001LagosNigeria Department of Anatomy Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214OyoNigeria Department of Mental Health Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-Ekiti 360282EkitiNigeria Behavioral Neuroscience Unit Neurobiology SubdivisionDepartment of AnatomyLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214OyoNigeria

The relationship between man and substances that have abuse potentials,and whose use has been associated with the development or progression of substance use disorders has continued to evolve in terms of geography,economic implications,and *** shows that local plants with psychoactive constituents can get exported worldwide through global travel,commerce,or even *** and globalization also change people’s relationship with substances of abuse;hence,an area that was initially alien to certain substances might evolve to becoming a trafficking hub,and then a destination.A case in point is Africa where a rapidly increasing prevalence of substance use/abuse and substance use disorder among adolescents and young adults is putting enormous strain on the economy,healthcare system,and society at ***,there appears to be a paucity of scientific literature and data on the epidemiology,risk assessment,and contributing factors to substance use and the development of substance use disorders across *** this narrative review,we examine extant literature(PubMed,Google scholar,Medline)for information on the prevalence,trends,and influencers of substance use and the development of substance use *** is with a view of understanding the determinants of substance use and factors that influence the development of substance use disorders in the region,and how this information can be channeled towards developing a comprehensive intervention and treatment program.

关键词： Addiction Cannabis Catha edulis Datura metal Drug dependence Novel psychoactive substances

The Neurocognitive Assessment of HIV-Infected School-Aged Nigerian Children

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第2期3卷 124-130页

作者： Gbemisola o. Boyede foluso E. A. Lesi Chinyere V. Ezeaka Charles S. Umeh Clinical Psychology Unit Department of Psychiatry Lagos University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Lagos University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria Division of Developmental Paediatrics School and Child and Adolescent Health Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

objective: Studies available on cognitive function among school-aged HIV-infected African and in particular Nigerian children are few. The purpose of the study was to assess the neurocognitive function of a group of HIV-infected schoolaged (6 - 15 years) children using the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RPM). Method: Cognitive assessments of 69 HIV positive children and 69 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy HIV negative control children were performed using the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RPM). The children were subdivided (Piaget’s developmental staging) into two sub-groups: the concrete operation stage (6 - 11 years) and the formal operation stage (12 - 15 years) for analysis. Result: The mean RPM score for the HIV positive children was 18.2 (8.0 - 47.0, SD 9.8) which was significantly lower than the score of 27.2 (8.0 - 52.0, SD 13.8) for the HIV negative children (p on the RPM grading and using the HIV negative children as the standard, 56.5% of the HIV positive children had cognitive performance at below average to intellectually defective range. Conclusion: School-aged HIV positive children had significantly lower cognitive scores compared with age and gender-matched HIV negative children. Routine neuropsychological evaluation of all school-aged HIV-infected children is recommended. Early detection of cognitive impairment will help in planning appropriate interventions.

关键词： Pediatric HIV Cognitive Assessment School-Age Children Ravens Progressive Matrices Nigeria

Health and Labor Productivity among Female Farmers in Imo State, Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第7期2卷 856-863页

作者： Agulanna foluso Temitope kpi Anthony okoruwa Victor olusegun Department of Agricultural Economics University of lbadan lbadan Nigeria

This study examined the impact of farmers＇ health on labor data was collected through a field survey of 290 rural households productivity of female farmers in Imo State, Nigeria. Primary Descriptive statistics and estimation of efficiency following maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） procedure available in Frontier 4.1 were used to analyze the data. Results from the analyses showed that malaria has the highest prevalence level among female farmers in the study area followed by typhoid fever. The causes of sicknesses vary from cold, stress, mosquito bites and bad drinking water. Furthermore, the results showed that sicknesses affect the productivity of farmers by reducing their work capacity. Also, the distance to source of drinking water from home, source of drinking water, age, body mass index of farmers are also found to significantly affect the physical work output of farmers in the study area. The result shows that the distribution of farmers was highly skewed with about 99% of the farmers having their efficiency above 0.61. This indicates that majority of the farmers are technically efficient in the allocation of resources to crop production, The result also shows that the average efficiency was about 82.9%. Thus, the farmers＇ level of efficiency can be improved if there is a shift in the fi＇ontier, i.e. if factors contributing to inefficiency are adequately controlled. The study recommends the need to invest more on human capital especially health for there to be an improvement in rural productivity. Also, rural development policies should include health policies especially for women since it has a great influence on the household and emphasis should also be on preventive rather than curative health services.

关键词： Labor productivity sickness health status female farmers Imo State.

Level of Adherence to Cytotoxic Drugs by Breast Cancer Patients’ in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第4期6卷 383-389页

作者： Popoola Abiodun Samira Makanjuola Sowunmi Anthonia Igwilo Adaeze Mobolaji oludara Ibrahim Nasir omodele foluso oncology Unit Department of Radiology Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja Nigeria Department of Pharmacology Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja Nigeria Department of Radiotherapy Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idiaraba Nigeria Department of Surgery Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Nigeria

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in women and adjuvant combination chemotherapy has been shown to reduce mortality from this disease. Adherence to medical treatment is a multifaceted issue that can substantially alter the outcomes of therapy. Patient non-adherence to chemotherapy is the ultimate barrier to the treatment effectiveness. objective: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between cancer chemotherapy adherence and breast cancer staging, patient’s perception of cancer care and patient’s socio-demographic characteristics. Material and method: This was a cross sectional study selection of respondents and was based on simple random sampling technique, 184 patients were interviewed and data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic data, adherence data, and facility-related information. Results: There was a significant association between marital status and non-adherence (P?= 0.013). Both separated and single subjects had higher proportion of non-adherence compared with married subjects. Analysis of perception of chemotherapy care revealed a significant association between the satisfaction score and non-adherence, with non-adherent patients showing higher scores or being less satisfied. The quality of service (P?= 0.0052);rating of needs been met (P?= 0.0079);rating on whether the services helped the subject (P?= 0.0405);rating on the general satisfaction of the services provided (P?= 0.0115);and rating on whether subject would seek help again (P?= 0.0320) all had a significant association with non-adherence. Conclusion: The awareness of oncologist and patient of the problem of non-adherence and communication regarding the importance of adherence to therapy may improve health outcomes.

关键词： Chemotherapy Adherence Breast Cancer