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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 45-46页

作者： Sherman S. fogel e.l. 李翔

Tumors of the major and the minor duodenal papillae can be malignant or premalignant, and traditionally are treated by surgical excision. This study evaluated the safety and the outcome of endoscopic snare resection of such tumors. All patients with tumors of the major or the minor papilla treated by endoscopic snare resection over a 10-year period (1994-2003) were identified from an eRCP data base. Patients with tumors that had endoscopic features of malignancy and those proven to be cancerous by biopsy were excluded. Papillectomy was performed by electrosurgical snare resection. A pancreatic stent usually was placed before or after excision. Residual tumor was eradicated by repeated procedures. endoscopic surve.l.ance was at the discretion of the endoscopist. Seventy snare resections were performed in 55 patients (mean age 59 years). Histop athologic diagnoses were the following: adenoma (45 patients; 7 with focal high -grade dysplasia, 6 with intraductal extension), adenocarcinoma (5), carcinoid tumor (2), gastric heterotopia (1), and normal histology (2). Fourteen patients had familial adenomatous polyposis. Of the 39 patients with isolated extraductal adenoma per cholangiogram, two underwent surgical resection because of persiste nt high-grade dysplasia, and 37 were successfully treated by endoscopic papillectomy alone. During follow-up (mean 30 months), 18 of 37 patients (49%) had no recurrence, 7 had recurrent adenoma (mean time interval to recurrence 27 months ), two died of unrelated illnesses, and 10 are awaiting follow-up. Of the 6 patients with intraductal adenoma per cholangiogram, two underwent surgical resecti on, two had intraductal photodynamic therapy, and two had endoscopic snare resec tion. Intraductal tumor in the 4 latter patients was eliminated, although it recurred in one of the patients who had photodynamic therapy. Of the 7 patients with adenocarcinoma or carcinoid tumor, pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 3 and palliative papillectom

关键词：十二指肠乳头切除术套扎类癌瘤小乳头不典型增生癌前病变癌性胰管支架电外科

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原位肝移植术后成功进行内镜下吻合口狭窄治疗:胆总管狭窄的复发率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 13-14页

作者： Alazmi W.M. fogel e.l. Watkins J.l. G. lehman 程妍 Indiana University Medical Center 550 North University Boulevard Indianapolis IN 46202 United States Dr.

Background and Study Aims: The development of anastomotic strictures is one of the most common complications of orthotopic liver transplantation (OlT) with choledochocholedochostomy anastomosis. endoscopic therapy with balloon dilation and/or stent placement is an effective therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the recurrence rate of anastomotic strictures and the features that predict recurrence after previously successful endoscopic therapy. Patients and Methods: We searched the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (eRCP) database for all patients who had had an OlT who were undergoing eRCP. The study cohort consisted of post-OlT patients who had a recurrence of anastomotic stricture after initial resolution following a course of endoscopic therapy. Results: A total of 916 OlT operations were performed during the study period from June 1994 to November 2004. Out of this group, 143 patients (15.6%) were diagnosed with anastomotic stricture and underwent a total of 423 eRCPs for endoscopic treatment. Twelve patients who are still undergoing endoscopic therapy were excluded from the analysis. The technical success rate was 96.6%, and the endoscopic therapy was successful in 82%of patients; 18%had a recurrence of cholestasis and eRCP reve.l.d a recurrence of the anastomotic stricture that required intervention. Themean time of follow-up after stent removal was 28 months (range 1-114 months). The study did not reve.l.any clinical or endoscopic parameters that could predict recurrence, though the presence of a biliary leak at initial eRCP and a longer time to initial presentation were factors that showed a trend toward an increased likelihood of recurrence. Conclusions: Biliary strictures remain a common complication after OlT, and in nearly one in five patients these strictures recur after initially successful endoscopic therapy. There were no clinical or endoscopic parameters identified in this study that predicted recurrence. Further study is needed

关键词：原位肝移植术胆总管狭窄复发率吻合口操作成功率支架放置手术时间胆汁淤积

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特发性胰腺炎eRCP的检查结果:囊性纤维化基因阳性及阴性患者

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 36-37页

作者： Alazmi W.M. fogel e.l. Schmidt S. G.A. lehman 张欣 Indiana University Medical Center 550 N. University Blvd Indianapolis IN 46202 United States Dr.

Abstract Abstract Background: Our series of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis (IP) found a cystic fibrosis (CF) gene abnormality in 19% compared with 3.5% in patients without pancreatitis. Objective: The objective was to determine whether the CF gene predicts more severe eRP findings. Design: This was a retrospective case-control study. Setting and Patients: From July 1998 to August 2004, CF gene analysis was performed in 819 patients with IP via Genzyme Genetics. The panel tests for 70 to 87 alleles and has a detection rate of more than 90% of the cases. Sixty-nine patients (8.4% ) who had at least one CF gene positive mutation were the study cohort. A total of 218 patients with IP and negative CF gene mutation were randomly selected from our database to be in the control group. Main Outcome Measurements: Pancreatograms were evaluated for chronic pancreatitis (CP) based on Cambridge criteria. The results of the gene analysis were not available at the time of pancreatogram interpretation. Results: Among patients positive for the CF gene, 42 (61% ) were women. The mean age at intervention was 40 years (range 14-80 years), and 48 patients (70% ) had cholecystectomy. Among patients who were negative for the CF gene, 147 (67% ) were women. The mean age at intervention was 41 years (range 9-89 years), and 125 patients (57% ) had cholecystectomy. Compared with controls, cases had higher incidence of CP (62% vs. 48% , p = 0.05), grade III CP (35% vs. 18% , p = 0.004), pseudocysts (12% vs. 4% , p = 0.036) and pancreatic strictures (20% vs. 8% , p = 0.008). limitations: The.l.mitations of the study were (1) retrospective design and (2) the panel used tests only for 70 to 87 alleles (of approximately, 900 CF transmembrane conductance regulator genes known). Conclusions: The mean age at intervention in both groups was similar. CP, grade III CP, pseudocysts, and pancreatic strictures were more common among patients who were CF gene positive.

关键词：慢性胰腺炎阴性患者囊性纤维化基因异常检查结果特发性阳性 eRCP CF基因胆囊切除术

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Simplified seismic scenario analysis of existing masonry buildings accounting for local site effects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第2期18卷 309-318页

作者： Ayşe e.ÖZSOYÖZBAY Işıl SANRI KARAPINAR Zehra N.KUTlU İsmail e.KIlIÇ Department of Civil engineering Maltepe UniversityIstanbul 34857Turkey School of engineering and Construction Oryx Universal CollegeDoha 12253Qatar

This study discusses the effects of local sites and hazard amplification on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry *** this context,a rapid seismic evaluation procedure was implemented on an old masonry building stock in the historical center Galata,located inİstanbul,to determine the seismic risk priority of the built *** scenarios were generated for all soil classes,different moment magnitudes,and source-to-site distances to obtain more accurate results for the seismic vulnerability assessment of the studied building ***,damage distributions estimated under nine different scenarios with/without site effects were compared and illustrated in maps to discuss changes in vulnerability owing to amplification *** this study,by re-examining the rapid seismic evaluation procedure by including geo-hazard-based assessment,the importance of site effects on the vulnerability and risk assessment of built heritage was *** proposed framework integrating field data and local site effects is believed to advance the current applications for vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings and provide an improvement in the application of rapid seismic assessment procedures with more reliable results.

关键词： masonry buildings seismic vulnerability assessment cultural heritage local site effect

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On B(5,20)2-Groups

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第3期31卷 429-440页

作者： e.A.Alhassan Y.l.Tan Y.li School of Mathematical Sciences Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu 212013China Department of Mathematics Brock UniversitySt.CatharinesOntario L2S 3A1Canada

A finite group G is said to be a B(n,k)group if for any n-element subset[a_(1),…,a_(n)]of G,|{a_(i)a_(j)|1≤i,j≤n}|≤*** is of interest to characterize the structure of B(n,k)groups for n(n+1)/2≤k≤n^(2)-*** B(5,k)groups for 15≤k≤19 have been investigated by several *** this paper,we give a complete characterization of B(5,20)2-groups by showing there are five classes of such groups which are nontrivial and nonabelian.

关键词： B(n,k)groups small squaring property central extension GAP

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When Fleeing Matters:Differences in escape Behaviours of Three Northeast Asian Anurans

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第1期15卷 41-48页

作者： Yoonjung YI Zoljargal PUReVDORJ Irina MASlOVA Yikweon JANG Amaël BORZÉe laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation College of Life SciencesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Division of ecoScience and Department of life Sciences Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Biology School of MathematicsMongolian State University of EducationUlaanbaatar 210648Mongolia Department of Forest and environmental Resources Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Federal Scientific Center of the east Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia

Prey species may have their own optimal escape strategy to balance predation risks and the energetic cost of *** species have an advantage when maintaining a short fleeing distance,while others may favour an earlier escape based on microhabitat,size,or body ***,we examined the escape behaviour of the three syntopic Northeast Asian anuran species:Mongolian toads(Strauchbufo raddei),Amur brown frogs(Rana amurensis),and Japanese treefrogs(Dryophytes japonicus)in Mongolia,Russia,China and DPR *** examined flight initiation distance(FID;the distance from a potential predator to the point when the individual starts to flee)and distance fled(DF;distance between flight initiation and flight termination points)of each species and the effects of microhabitat,sex,and body *** raddei and *** had a longer FID than ***,and *** also had a longer DF than *** trends remained similar when dividing FID and DF by a size proxy(snout-vent length)for all *** suggests that the treefrog *** used a strategy to stay immobile even when they were detected,and the toad *** reacted quicker and more sensitively to predators despite the presence of *** *** had a significantly longer FID than males suggesting that females are more sensitive to predation risk in this species,but body size was not significant for any of the three *** results indicate that the three sympatric species have different escaping strategies,likely related to differences in physiology and crypticity.

关键词： amphibian distance fled escape behaviour flight initiation distance predation

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Performance of evolutionary optimized machine.l.arning for modeling total organic carbon in core samples of shale gas fields

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： leonardo Goliatt C.M.Saporetti l.C.Oliveira e.Pereira Department of Computational and Applied Mechanics Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de ForaBrazil Department of Computational Modeling Polytechnic InstituteRio de Janeiro State UniversityNova FriburgoBrazil Petrobras Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroBrazil

Rock samples'TOC content is the best indicator of the organic matter in source *** origin rock samples’analysis is used to calculate it manually by *** method requires time and resources because it relies on samples from many we.l.intervals in source ***,research has been done to aid this *** learning algorithms can estimate total organic carbon instead of we.l.logs and stratigraphic *** light of these efforts,the current work present a study on automating the total organic carbon estimation using machine.l.arning approaches improved by an evolutionary methodology to give the model flexibility and *** algorithms,differential evolution,particle swarm optimization,grey wolf optimization,artificial bee colony,and evolution strategies were used to improve machine.l.arning models to predict *** six metaheuristics were integrated into four machine.l.arning methods:extreme.l.arning machine,elastic net linear model,linear support vector regression,and multivariate adaptive regression *** samples from the YuDong-Nan shale gas field,located in the Sichuan basin,were used to evaluate the hybrid *** findings show that combining machine.l.arning models with an evolutionary algorithms in a hybrid fashion produce flexible models that accurately predict *** results show that,independent of the metaheuristic used to guide the model selection,optimized extreme.l.arning machines attained the best performance scores according to six *** hybrid models can be used in exploratory ge.l.gical research,particularly for unconventional oil and gas resources.

关键词： Total organic carbon Hybrid models Automated machine.l.arning evolutionary algorithms Ge.l.gy

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Phanerozoic co-evolution of O2-CO2 and ocean habitability

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 18-21页

作者： Zunli lu Rosalind e.M.Rickaby Jonathan l.Payne Ashley N.Prow Department of earth & environmental Sciences Syracuse University Department of earth Sciences University of Oxford Department of earth and Planetary Sciences Stanford University

Atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations are partially linked via the ge.l.gical cycle of organic carbon （Fig. 1A–C; e.g. CO2+H2O■CH2O+O2）. The history of these two biologically active components, controls on their concentrations, and implications for the complexity of the biosphere and habitability of earth have been hotly debated, but are generally considered independently.

关键词： CO2-CONCeNTRATING MeCHANISM OXYGeN eVOlUTION ANOXIA

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exploring the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on predator inspection activity in Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 109-111页

作者： Alix J.P Brusseau laurence e.A.Feyten Adam l.Crane Grant e.Brown Department of Biology Concordia UniversityMontrealQCH4B 1R6Canada Department of Biomedical Sciences WCVMUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Prey animals are often faced with uncertainty due to having imperfect information regarding current local conditions,including predation risks and the availability of reliable foraging opportunities(Dall 2010).As this uncertainty increases,the probability of making costly behavioral errors also increases,leading to more risk averse behavioral tactics(Feyten et al.2019).For example,Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata are far more risk averse when faced with multiple unknown sources of risk assessment information than when faced with a mix of known and unknown cues(Feyten et al.2019).Prey can reduce uncertainty by gathering and integrating private and social information regarding current risk levels within microhabitats(Dall 2010;Munoz and Blumstein 2012).

关键词： human disturbance information availability information reliability predator-prey interactions risk assessment uncertainty

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In situ Hydrothermal Oxidation of Ternary FeCoNi Alloy electrode for Overall Water Splitting

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energy & environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 161-170页

作者： Yuwei Chen lixia Yang Chao li Yuqiu Wu Xiao lν Hairen Wang Jun'e Qu Key laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Faculty of Material science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

exploring noble metal-free catalyst materials for high efficient electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen is strongly desired for renewable energy *** this article,a novel bifunctional catalytic electrode of insitu-grown type for alkaline water splitting based on FeCoNi alloy substrate has been successfully prepared via a facile one-step hydrothermal oxidation route in an alkaline hydrogen peroxide *** shows that the matrix alloy with the atom ratio 4∶3∶3 of Fe∶Co∶Ni can obtain the best catalytic performance when hydrothermally treated at 180℃for 18 h in the solution containing 1.8 M hydrogen peroxide and 3.6 M sodium *** as-prepared Fe_(0.4)Co_(0.3)Ni_(0.3)-1.8 electrode exhibits small overpotentials of only 184 and 175 mV at electrolysis current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)for alkaline OeR and HeR processes,*** overall water splitting at electrolysis current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)can be stably delivered at a low ce.l.voltage of 1.62 *** characteristics including the.l.rge specific surface area,the high surface nickel content,the abundant catalyst species,the balanced distribution between bivalent and trivalent metal ions,and the strong binding of in-situ naturally growed catalytic layer to matrix are responsible for the prominent catalytic performance of the Fe_(0.4)Co_(0.3)Ni_(0.3)-1.8 electrode,which can act as a possible re.l.cement for expensive noble metal-based materials.

关键词： alkaline water electrolysis bifunctional electrocatalyst FeCoNi alloy hydrothermal oxidation in-situ growing

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