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Benchmarking the performance of Bayesian optimization across multiple experimental materials science domains

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1742-1751页

作者： Qiaohao Liang Aldair E.Gongora Zekun Ren Armi Tiihonen Zhe Liu Shijing Sun James R.Deneault Daniil Bash flore mekki-berrada Saif A.Khan Kedar Hippalgaonkar Benji Maruyama Keith A.Brown John Fisher III Tonio Buonassisi Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMAUnited States Boston University BostonMAUnited States Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology SingaporeSingapore Air Force Research Laboratory DaytonOhioUnited States Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore National University of Singapore SingaporeSingapore Present address:Aalto University EspooFinland Present address:Northwestern Polytechincal University(NPU) Xi’anShaanxi P.R.China

Bayesian optimization(BO)has been leveraged for guiding autonomous and high-throughput experiments in materials ***,few have evaluated the efficiency of BO across a broad range of experimental materials *** this work,we quantify the performance of BO with a collection of surrogate model and acquisition function pairs across five diverse experimental materials *** defining acceleration and enhancement metrics for materials optimization objectives,we find that surrogate models such as Gaussian Process(GP)with anisotropic kernels and Random Forest(RF)have comparable performance in BO,and both outperform the commonly used GP with isotropic *** with anisotropic kernels has demonstrated the most robustness,yet RF is a close alternative and warrants more consideration because it is free from distribution assumptions,has smaller time complexity,and requires less effort in initial hyperparameter *** also raise awareness about the benefits of using GP with anisotropic kernels in future materials optimization campaigns.

关键词： optimization performance acceleration

The Effect of Macronutrient Restrictions on Gut Microbiome and Biochemical Parameters of Wistar Albino Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 286-310页

作者： Blandine Ngum Shu Bernard Tiencheu Fabrice Tonfack Djikeng Deffo Ngongang flore Tiepma Dibanda Romelle Feumba Yolandia Jamea Nganje Epanty Lyonga Agnes Namondo Mbongo Aduni Ufuan Achidi Department of Public Health and Administration School of Health Sciences Biaka University Institut of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Macronutrients serve as a source of energy for both gut microbiota and its host. An increase or decrease in macronutrients can either increase or decrease the composition of gut microbiota, leading to gut dysbiosis which has been implicated in many diseases state including non-communicable diseases. To achieve this, seven diets were formulated by restricting 60% of each macronutrient. These diets were fed on 42 albino rats (Wistar), divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 was fed on a normal laboratory chow diet (ND), group 2 received a fat-restricted diet (FRD), group 3 received a protein-restricted diet, (PFD), group 4 received a carbohydrate-restricted diet (CRD), group 5 received a protein and fat-restricted diet (PFRD), group 6 re-ceived a carbohydrate and fat-restricted diet (CFRD) and group 7 received a carbohydrate and protein-restricted diet (CPRD). Feed and water intake were given ad libitum and daily weight and food intake were recorded. The experiment went on for 4 weeks after which animals were sacrificed and intestinal content and blood were collected for analysis (gut microbial composition, glucose, insulin levels, serum lipid, and enzyme). Compared to the control group results showed a decrease in Bacteroides (40.50 - 14.00 CFU), HDL (68.20 - 40.40 mg/dl), and AST (66.62 - 64.74 U/L) in FRD. An increase in AST (66.6 - 69.43 U/L), Bifidobacterial (59.50 - 92.00 CFU) and decreased Bacteroides (40.5 - 19.5 CFU) for PRD was also recorded. CRD reduced Lactobacillus (73 - 33.5 CFU), total bacterial count (129 - 48 CFU), HDL (68.2 - 30.8 mg/dl), and cholesterol (121.44 - 88.65 mg/dl) whereas intestinal composition of E. coli (30.5 - 51.5 CFU) increased. PFRD increased Lactobacillus (73.00 - 102.5 CFU), Bifidobacterial (59.5 - 100 CFU), HDL (68.2 - 74.7 mg/dl), and Triglyceride (111.67 - 146.67 mg/dl) concentration. Meanwhile, a reduction in Bifidobacterial (59.5 - 41.5 CFU), and an increasing of AST (66.62 - 70.30 U/l) were recorded for CFRD. However,

关键词： Diets Dysbiosis Gut Microbiome Lipid Profile Serum Enzymes Non-Communicable Disease Gut Microbiota Gut Dysbiosis Restricted Diet

Comparative Study of Gut Microbiota in Breast Cancer Patients versus Controls in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第9期14卷 405-415页

作者： M’Bengue Gbonon Valérie Gnahore Djeda Franck Kouadio Kouamé Assohoun Stanislas Coulibaly Safiatou Diplo flore Bernadette Sekongo Mamadou Osseni Akandji Afran Sidje Arlette N’Guessan Jean-David Dosso Mireille Molecular Genetics Platform Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Biology and Health UFR Biosciences Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Environment and Health Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Bioinformatics & Computational Biology Group National Computing Center of Cte dIvoire Flix Houphout Boigny University Bingerville Cte dIvoire National Blood Transfusion Center Abidjan Cte dIvoire Oncology Department Treichville University Hospital Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Context: The gut microbiota represents a complex ecosystem encompassing all unicellular microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, primarily bacteria, fungi, archaea, and even viruses. The relationship between the host and the microbiota is symbiotic: bacteria benefit from a stable environment, while the host gains numerous capabilities in terms of digestion, metabolism, nutrition, and immunity. However, numerous studies suggest that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various non-communicable diseases, including obesity, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, allergic and immune disorders, behavioral disorders, and even certain cancers. The objective of our study was to characterize the gut microbiota of a group of breast cancer patients by comparing it to that of control subjects in Côte d’Ivoire, using a metagenomic approach. Method: A case-control study was conducted from May 2020 to September 2023. A total of 85 women (39 cases and 46 controls) were recruited, and stool samples were collected from both breast cancer patients and healthy women. Among these, ten (10) samples from patients and ten (10) samples from healthy women were randomly selected for the study of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota was characterized by sequencing the V4 region of 16S rRNA using metagenomic NGS technology, and bioinformatic analysis was performed using the mothur pipeline. Results: In women with breast cancer, we observed a reduction in the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as an increase in the phyla Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Additionally, their microbiota exhibited lower Chao1 and Sobs diversities compared to the control women (p < 0.05). Molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) revealed a significant difference between the case and control groups (p < 0.001). This study has highlighted a significant difference in the relative abundance of major phyla within the gut microbiota of cases compared to healthy controls. It wil

关键词： Gut Microbiota 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Breast Cancer Dysbiosis

Dietary Diversity and Food Security Status among Cameroonian Adults Living in Semi-Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris Ronald Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen Fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: Food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in Cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p Conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the Cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual Food Security Littoral West North West Cameroon

Effect of Biostimulants Based on Natural Products on the Growth and Nutritional Value of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 492-518页

作者： Aimé Giresse Tzeuton flore Eliane Eyenga Arouna Meshuneke Gaston Mbang Elock Fabrice Damien Wassom Walter Jospin Timma Kom Marie Paule Djam Kengoum Erica Cabrelle Damtse Damtse Landry Silatsa Fotsing William Asah Che Marlyne Josephine Mananga Nicolas Niemenak Cécile Annie Ewané Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Higher Teachers Training College University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Laboratory of Food Sciences and Metabolism University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorisation of Genetic Resources of the Biotechnology Centre University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Biological Sciences Higher Teachers Training College University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are widely grown in Cameroon and play a key role in the fight against food insecurity, malnutrition and poverty. However, its cultivation encounters problems due to abiotic and biotic stresses, which leads to the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, which cause significant damage to the environment and human health due to the presence of synthetics residues in the seeds, pods and in the leaves that are eaten. Promoting the use of natural products is becoming a necessity for organic and eco-responsible agriculture that limits contamination problems and improves people’s purchasing power. This study aims to assess the effect of biostimulants based on natural products on the growth and nutritional value of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Bean seedlings from white variety (MEX-142) and red variety (DOR-701) were treated every seven days in the field from their pre-emergence, emergence and growth to their maturation under a randomized block experimental design. Six treatments and three repetitions with the biostimulants based on natural products and controls were thus performed and the agromorphological parameters were measured. After 120 days, the contents of growth biomarkers and defense-related enzymes were evaluated in leaves, while the contents of macromolecules, minerals and antinutrients were evaluated in seeds. These biostimulants significantly increased (P P < 0.0001) of antinutrients including oxalates, phytates, tannins and saponins in seeds compared to controls (T+ and T−). Treatment with biostimulants, in particular BS4, improves the performance of bean plants in the field as well as the biofortification of seeds regardless of the variety.

关键词： Phaseolus vulgaris L. Biostimulants Biofortification Growth and Defense Biomarkers Nutritional Value

Magnetic Characterization of Amphibolites from the Fomopéa Pluton(West Cameroon):Their Implication in the Pan-African Deformation of the Central African Fold Belt

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第1期86卷 73-84页

作者： NJANKO Théophile FOZING Eric Martial KWéKAM Maurice YAKEU SANDJO Angéline flore NJONFANG Emmanuel Laboratory of Environmental Geology Department of Earth SciencesDschang University Laboratory of Geology ENS Yaounde I University

The Fomopea granitic pluton is emplaced in gnessic and amphibolitic basement. These gneissic and amphibolitic basement rocks are represented in the pluton＇s body as sub-rounded, elongated or stretched xenoliths. Amphibolitic xenoliths display testimonies of two main tectonic events namely：（i） El flattening deformation event characterized by a NW-SE to E-W foliation with a best pole at 246/57 and a mineral stretched lineation with a best line at 293/47; and （ii） E2 compressive event typified by （1） N-S to NNE-SSW steeply dipping foliation; （2） S-type flexion-fold indicating a sinistral shear movement. These amphibolite rocks indicate a magnetic susceptibility magnitude （Km） range from 418 ~SI to 90092 IISI for 87% of the stations showing a ferromagnetic behavior. K-T curves reveal the presence of Ti-poor magnetite as susceptibility mineral carrier. Magnetic foliation and lineation suggest that the N-S strike direction observed in the Bamendou amphibolite is, as pointed out elsewhere in the Central African Fold Belt, of paramount importance in the tectonic evaluation of the Fomopea area, since it has most likely acted as major deformation phase in the second tectonic event in the belt.

关键词： amphibolite anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) Pan-African fold belt Cameroon

Subclinical atherosclerosis is linked to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth via vitamin K2-dependent mechanisms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期23卷 1241-1249页

作者： Francesca Romana Ponziani Maurizio Pompili Enrico Di Stasio Maria Assunta Zocco Antonio Gasbarrini Roberto flore Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologyAgostino Gemelli Hospital Biochemistry Agostino Gemelli Hospital Internal Medicine and Vascular Medicine Agostino Gemelli Hospital

To assess the rate of matrix Gla-protein carboxylation in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and to decipher its association with subclinical *** with suspected SIBO who presented with a low risk for cardiovascular disease and showed no evidence of atherosclerotic plaques were included in the study. A glucose breath test was performed in order to confirm the diagnosis of SIBO and vascular assessment was carried out by ultrasound examination. Plasma levels of the inactive form of MGP (dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein) were quantified by ELISA and vitamin K2 intake was estimated using a food frequency ***-nine patients were included in the study. SIBO was confirmed in 12/39 (30.8%) patients who also presented with a higher concentration of dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein (9.5 μg/L vs 4.2 μg/L; P = 0.004). Arterial stiffness was elevated in the SIBO group (pulse-wave velocity 10.25 m/s vs 7.68 m/s; P = 0.002) and this phenomenon was observed to correlate linearly with the levels of dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla-protein (β = 0.220, R2 = 0.366, P = 0.03). Carotid intima-media thickness and arterial calcifications were not observed to be significantly elevated as compared to *** is associated with reduced matrix Gla-protein activation as well as arterial stiffening. Both these observations are regarded as important indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis. Hence, screening for SIBO, intestinal decontamination and supplementation with vitamin K2 has the potential to be incorporated into clinical practice as additional preventive measures.

关键词： Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Vitamin K Dysbiosis Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular disease risk

Analysis of Pseudoreplicants to Evaluate Natural Regeneration after Applying Prescribed Burns in a Temperate Forest of Mexico

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Open Journal of Forestry 2012年第1期2卷 9-16页

作者： José Germán flore Garnica 不详

Although fire is one of the most important disturbing factors of forest in Mexico, little it is known on the effects of fire on the particular Mexican forest ecosystems. This is remarked for the fact that the effects of fires on vegetation vary among different types of forests. This lack of knowledge has constrained the use of fire, as a silvicultural tool. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to evaluate the effects of fire on regeneration, under burns. This work was carried out in a pine forest stand at Tapalpa Saw in Jalisco State, Mexico, dominated by Pinus michoacana and Pinus oocarpa. The study evaluated the effects of two techniques of prescribed burning: 1) backing, and 2) head fire. The sample plots were burned on 25 and 26 March 1991, before the rain season. One month before and 2 years after burning several measurements were made in order to evaluate the effect of fire on regeneration. Due to the limitations to work with “real” replicates (for treatments an control), original sample units (20 × 30 m) were divided into 5 × 5 m smaller sample units, which were considered as pseudoreplicants. Therefore, such analysis did not avoid introducing systematic error (bias) and minimize random error. Nevertheless, the variability within the pseudoreplicants was considerable in order to assume certain significance of the resulting estimations. Therefore, despite that this was a nonreplicated study;the results suggest strong ecological evidence that prescribed fire enhance natural regeneration of Pinus michoacana and Pinus oocarpa. In general, it is concluded that prescribed burning could be a valuable forest management tool in regions with similar conditions to the study area, in order to improve regeneration. However, further research is needed before prescribed fires can be applied with confidence in many Mexican forest conditions.

关键词： Nonreplicated Study Fire Effect Pinus michoacana Pinus oocarpa Forest Fires

In vitro anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant and in vivo anti-arthritic properties of stem bark extracts from Nauclea pobeguinii(Rubiaceae) in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第2期10卷 65-77页

作者： Tsafack Eric Gonzal Djuichou Nguemnang Stephanie flore Atsamo Albert Donatien Nana Yousseu William Tadjoua Tchoumbou Herve Matah Marthe Mba Vanessa Mbiantcha Marius Ateufack Gilbert Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Department of Animal BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangP.O.Box 67DschangCameroon Laboratory of Animal Physiology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IPO Box 812YaoundéCameroon

Objective:To explore the immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant and anti-arthritic activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nauclea pobeguinii stem ***:For in vitro assays,the production of reactive oxygen species(chemiluminescence technique),the proliferation of T cells(liquid scintillation counter method),as well as the inhibition of cyclooxygenase,lipoxygenase,protein denaturation,and free radicals[DPPH,ABTS and nitric oxide(NO)inhibition methods]were *** in vivo assays,a polyarthritis model was induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant in *** aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nauclea pobeguinii stem bark were administered orally at 150 and 300 mg/*** 28 days of treatment,the total blood was taken to quantify the hematological parameters and the serum was used to evaluate the biochemical parameters(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate transaminase,phenylalnine ammonialyase,and proteins)and oxidative stress parameters(malondialdehyde,catalase,superoxide dismutase,glutathione and NO),and then the knee joint was removed for histological ***:The extracts of Nauclea pobeguinii significantly reduced the production of intra-and extracellular reactive oxygen species and decreased T cell *** had an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase,lipoxygenase,and protein denaturation,and both extracts had antioxidant capacity on DPPH,ABTS and *** extracts alleviated joint inflammation and pain sensitivity after complete Freund’s adjuvant injection,reduced alanine aminotransferase,aspartate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase,NO and malondialdehyde levels,increased protein concentration,superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione activity,and restored the cytoarchitecture of the joint after complete Freund’s adjuvant ***:The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nauclea pobeguinii have immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant and anti-arthritic properties.

关键词： Nauclea pobeguinii Immunomodulation Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Anti-arthritic