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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer： providing new targets for therapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第2期13卷 179-180页

作者： Andrew J Armstrong Stephen，Freedland Mariano garcia-Blanco Duke Cancer Institute Departments of Medicine and Surgery Duke Prostate Center Duke University Durham NC 27710 USA Section of Urology Durham VA Medical Center Duke Prostate Center Division of Urologic Surgery Departments of Surgery and Pathology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Department ol Medicine Center for RNA Biology Duke Universit＇ Medical Center NC 27710 USA

The ability of epithelial cells to undergo phenotypic transitions during embryo-genesis, wound healing and malignant pro- gression is now widely accepted as a core biological process termed epithelialmesenchymal transition （EMT）. During cancer progression, the process of EMT has been associated with the acquisition of stemness properties, treatment resistance and metastatic progression, hallmarks of malig- nancy.

关键词： Cells Lymphocytes Associations Cancer (genus) Neoplasms Processing Models Crossing over Proteins Castration

Prospects for sociogenomics in avian cooperative breeding and parental care

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 293-306页

作者： Flavia TERMIGNONI-garcia Matthew I.M.LOUDER Christopher N.BALAKRISHNAN Lauren O’CONNELL Scott V.EDWARDS Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA International Research Center for Neurointelligence The University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

For the last 40 years,the study of cooperative breeding(CB)in birds has proceeded primarily in the context of discovering the ecological,geographical,and behavioral drivers of *** advent of molecular tools in the early 1990s assisted in clarifying the relatedness of helpers to those helped,in some cases,confirming predictions of kin selection *** for genome-wide analysis of sequence variation,gene expression,and epigenetics promise to add new dimensions to our understanding of avian CB,primarily in the area of molecular and developmental correlates of delayed breeding and dispersal,as well as the ontogeny of achieving parental status in ***,we outline key ways in which modern-omics approaches,in particular genome sequencing,transcriptomics,and epigenetic profiling such as ATAC-seq,can be used to add a new level of ana-lysis of avian *** on recent and ongoing studies of avian social behavior and sociogenom-ics,we review how high-throughput sequencing of a focal species or clade can provide a robust foundation for downstream,context-dependent destructive and non-destructive sampling of spe-cific tissues or physiological states in the field for analysis of gene expression and epigenetics.-Omics approaches have the potential to inform not only studies of the diversification of CB over evolutionary time,but real-time analyses of behavioral interactions in the field or *** of birds represents a new branch in the network of methods used to study CB,and can help clarify ways in which the different levels of analysis of CB ultimately interact in novel and unexpected ways.

关键词： ATAC-seq behavior convergent evolution epigenetics neurobiology phylogeny

The Plant Vascular System: Evolution, Development and Functions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第4期55卷 294-388页

作者： William J. Lucas Andrew Groover Raffael Lichtenberger Kaori Furuta Shri-Ram Yadav Yk Helariutta Xin-Qiang He Hiroo Fukuda Julie Kang Siobhan M. Brady John W. Patrick John Sperry Akiko Yoshida Ana-flor López-Millan Michael A. Grusak Pradeep Kachroo Department of Plant Biology College of Biological Sciences University of California US Forest Service Pacific SW Res Stn Institute for Forest Genetics Institute of Biotechnology/Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research College of Life Sciences Peking University Department of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Biology Department University of Northern Iowa School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of Newcastle Biology Department University of Utah Plant Nutrition Department Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) USDA-ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Department of Plant Pathology College of Agriculture University of Kentucky

The emergence of the tracheophyte-based vascular system of land plants had major impacts on the evolution of terrestrial biology, in general, through its role in facilitating the development of plants with increased stature, photosynthetic output, and ability to colonize a greatly expanded range of environmental habitats. Recently, considerable progress has been made in terms of our understanding of the developmental and physiological programs involved in the formation and function of the plant vascular system. In this review, we first examine the evolutionary events that gave rise to the tracheophytes, followed by analysis of the genetic and hormonal networks that cooperate to orchestrate vascular development in the gymnosperms and angiosperms. The two essentialfunctions performed by the vascular system, namely the delivery of resources （water, essential mineral nutrients, sugars and amino acids） to the various plant organs and provision of mechanical support are next discussed. Here, we focus on critical questions relating to structural and physiological properties controlling the delivery of material through the xylem and phloem. Recent discoveries into the role of the vascular system as an effective long-distance communication system are next assessed in terms of the coordination of developmental, physiological and defense-related processes, at the whole-plant level. A concerted effort has been made to integrate all these new findings into a comprehensive picture of the state-of-the-art in the area of plant vascular biology. Finally, areas important for future research are highlighted in terms of their likely contribution both to basic knowledge and applications to primary industry.

关键词： Evolution vascular development phloem xylem nutrient delivery long-distance communication systemic signaling.

与久坐者相比，职业运动员的肠道菌群在代谢组分，尤其是功能代谢水平上有所不同

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英国医学杂志中文版 2017年第9期20卷 417-417页

作者： Barton W Penney nc Cronin O garcia-Perez I Molloy MG Holmes E Shanahan F Cotter PD O'Sullivan O 毛玲娜宋震亚不详浙江大学医学院附属第二医院全科医学科

目的有证据表明肠道菌群以及影响其结构和活性的因素在人类代谢、免疫和发育过程中发挥作用。我们曾报道，与久坐者相比，诸如职业运动员，配有相应饮食的极度体育活动者肠道菌群种属和代谢组分发生了改变。这次我们重点研究这些因素对... 详细信息

目的有证据表明肠道菌群以及影响其结构和活性的因素在人类代谢、免疫和发育过程中发挥作用。我们曾报道，与久坐者相比，诸如职业运动员，配有相应饮食的极度体育活动者肠道菌群种属和代谢组分发生了改变。这次我们重点研究这些因素对菌群功能/代谢活动的影响，以进一步揭示运动者和久坐者间的差别。方法对专业国际橄榄球联盟球员（样本数为40例）和对照（样本数为46例）的肠道菌群进行代谢表型和功能宏基因组分析，并将结果与生活方式指标（比如饮食习惯）和临床评估指标（比如血清肌酸激酶）进行关联。结果与对照相比，运动员组中与肌肉更新和整体健康相关的信号通路（比如：氨基酸、抗生素生物合成和碳水化合物代谢）和肠道菌群代谢产物（比如：短链脂肪酸乙酸酯、丙酸酯和丁酸酯）有所增加。结论运动和久坐相比，其肠道菌群在宏基因组和代谢组学上比组织水平显示出更大差异，拓展了饮食．运动．肠道微生态模式新视野。

关键词：职业运动员肠道菌群代谢组分功能代谢水平

Optimal Designs for Genomic Selection in Hybrid Crops

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Molecular Plant 2019年第3期12卷 390-401页

作者： Tingting Guo Xiaoqing Yu Xianran Li Haozhe Zhang Chengsong Zhu Sherry Flint-garcia Michael D.McMullen James B.Holland Stephen J.Szalma Randall J.Wisser Jianming Yu Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA USDA-ARS and Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA USDA-ARS and Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA

Improved capacity of genomics and biotechnology has greatly enhanced genetic studies in different areas. Genomic selection exploits the geno type-to-phe no type relationship at the whole-ge nome level and is being implemented in many crops? Here we show that design-thinking and data-mining techniques can be leveraged to optimize genomic prediction of hybrid performance? We phenotyped a set of 276 maize hybrids generated by crossing founder inbreds of nested association mapping populations for flowering time, ear height, and grain yield? With 10 296 310 SNPs available from the parental inbreds, we explored the pat? terns of genomic relati on ships and phenotypic variation to establish training samples based on clustering, graphic n etwork analysis, and genetic mating scheme ? Our analysis showed that training set desig ns outperformed random sampling and earlier methods that either minimize the mean of prediction error variance or maximize the mean of generalized coefficient of determination. Additional analyses of 2556 wheat hybrids from an early-stage hybrid breeding system and 1439 rice hybrids from an established hybrid breeding system validated the approaches. Together, we dem on strated that effective genomic predicti on models can be established with a training set 2%-13% of the size of the whole set, enabling an efficient exploration of enormous inf ere nee space of gen etic combi nations.

关键词： data mining molecular breeding genomic relationship genomic selection optimal design

Full Euclidean Algorithm by Means of a Steady Walk

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Applied Mathematics 2021年第4期12卷 269-279页

作者： Carlos M. Falcon Rodriguez Maria A. garcia Cruz Claudia Falcon Grupo de Investigación de Análisis Matemático Instituto de Formación docente Salomé Ure&#241 a Santo Domingo D.N. República Dominicana Wake Forest University Winstom-Salem NC USA

Let x and y be two positive real numbers with x y. Consider a traveler, on the interval [0, y/2], departing from 0 and taking steps of length equal to x. Every time a step reaches an endpoint of the interval, the traveler rebounds off the endpoint in order to complete the step length. We show that the footprints of the traveler are the output of a full Euclidean algorithm for x and y, whenever y/x is a rational number. In the case that y/x is irrational, the algorithm is, theoretically, not finite;however, it is a new tool for the study of its irrationality.

关键词： Extended Euclidean Algorithm Greatest Common Divisor Incommensurable Numbers Steady Walk Diophantine Equation

Ecto-GPR37:a potential biomarker for Parkinson’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第1期10卷 77-90页

作者： Xavier Morato Paula garcia-Esparcia Josep Argerich Franc Llorens Inga Zerr Wojciech Paslawski Eva Borras Eduard Sabido Ulla EPetaja-Repo Victor Fernandez-Duenas Isidro Ferrer Per Svenningsson Francisco Ciruela Pharm acology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaUHospitalet de LlobregatSpain Neuroscience Program Bellvitge Biomedical Research InstituteIDIBELLL'Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain Section of Neurology Department of Clinical NeuroscienceDepartm ent of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden Neuropathology Unit Departm ent of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaL'Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain CIBERNED Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades NeurodegenerativasInstituto CarlosⅢMadridSpain Department of Neurology Clinical Dementia Center and National Reference Center for CID SurveillanceUniversity Medical SchoolGottingenGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases GottingenGermany Proteomics Unit Center for Genomic RegulationBarcelonaSpain Proteomics Unit Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain Research Unit of Biomedicine Medical Research Center OuluUniversity of OuluOuluFinland

Objective:a-Synuclein has been studied as a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease(PD)with no concluding ***,there is an urgent need to find out reliable specific biomarkers for ***37 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor that toxically accumulates in autosomal recessive juvenile ***,we investigated whether GPR37 is upregulated in sporadic PD,and thus a suitable potential biomarker for ***:GPR37 protein density and mRNA expression in postmortem substantia nigra(SN)from PD patients were analysed by immunoblot and RT-qPCR,*** presence of peptides from the N-terminus-cleaved domain of GPR37(***-GPR37)in human cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric *** engineered in-house nanoluciferase-based immunoassay was used to quantify ecto-GPR37 in CSF samples from neurological control(nc)subjects,PD patients and Alzheimer's disease(AD)***:GPR37 protein density and mRNA expression were significantly augmented in sporadic *** amounts of ecto-GPR37 peptides in the CSF samples from PD patients were identified by mass spectrometry and quantified by the in-house ELISA ***,the CSF total a-synuclein level in PD patients did not differ from that in nc ***,the cortical GPR37 mRNA expression and CSF ecto-GPR37 levels in AD patients were also ***:GPR37 expression is increased in SN of sporadic PD *** ecto-GPR37 peptides are significantly increased in the CSF of PD patients,but not in AD *** results open perspectives and encourage further clinical studies to confirm the validity and utility of ecto-GPR37 as a potential PD biomarker.

关键词： GPR37 Pael-R Parkinson's disease Cerebrospinal fluid Biomarker Alzheimer's disease a-5ynuclein Orphan receptor

Electrical cardioversion for supraventricular arrhythmias in octagenarians

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2019年第12期16卷 902-904页

作者： Felipe L.Malafaia Patrícia O.Guimarães Márcio C.Sampaio Pedro G.M.de Barros e Silva Renato D.Lopes Juliano V.Custódio Miguel da S.Diniz Jose C.T.garcia Valter Furlan Samaritano Paulista Hospital São PauloBrazil Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNCUnited States

Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia in the elderly and its incidence increases with aging.[1]Electrical cardioversion is used as a strategy for rhythm control in patients with supraventricular *** octagenarians,there are challenges associated with the indication for electrical cardioversion,such as the use of appropriate sedation and anticoagulant *** decisions in clinical practice for these patients derive from observational data and personal experience,since octagenarians represent a minority of patients included in randomized clinical *** evidence is available regarding the clinical context of electrical cardioversion in this vulnerable ***,we aimed to describe the clinical profile of octagenarians undergoing electrical cardioversion in a cardiology reference center from 2014 to 2018.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Electrical cardioversion Octagenarians

Evaluating indicators of human well-being for ecosystem-based management

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第12期3卷 2-19页

作者： Sara Jo Breslow Margaret Allen Danielle Holstein Brit Sojka Raz Barnea Xavier Basurto Courtney Carothers Susan Charnley arah Coulthard Nives Dolsak Jamie Donatuto Carlos garcia-Quijano Christina C.Hicks Arielle Levine Michael B.Masci Karma Norman Melissa Poe Terre Satterfield Kevin St.Martin Phillip S.Levin Center for Creative Conservation University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityBeaufortNCUSA College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska FairbanksAnchorageAKUSA Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest ServicePortlandORUSA Department of Social Sciences and Languages Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Community Environmental Health Program Swinomish Indian Tribal CommunityLa ConnerWAUSA Department of Sociology and Anthropology The University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI USA Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford UniversityMontereyCAUSA Lancaster Environment Center Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Department of Geography San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Moore Center for Science Conservation InternationalArlingtonVAUS Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWAUSA Washington Sea Grant University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Institute for Resources Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Geography RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Introduction:Interrelated social and ecological challenges demand an understanding of how environmental change and management decisions affect human *** paper out-lines a framework for measuring human well-being for ecosystem-based management(EBM).We present a prototype that can be adapted and developed for various scales and *** and managers use indicators to assess status and trends in integrated ecosystem assessments(IEAs).To improve the social science rigor and success of EBM,we developed a systematic and transparent approach for evaluating indicators of human well-being for an ***:Our process is based on a comprehensive conceptualization of human well-being,a scalable analysis of management priorities,and a set of indicator screening criteria tailored to the needs of *** tested our approach by evaluating more than 2000 existing social indicators related to ocean and coastal management of the US West *** focused on two foundational attributes of human well-being:resource access and *** and Discussion:Our results suggest that existing indicators and data are limited in their ability to reflect linkages between environmental change and human well-being,and extremely limited in their ability to assess social equity and *** reveal a critical need for new social indicators tailored to answer environmental questions and new data that are disaggregated by social variables to measure *** both,we stress the importance of collaborating with the people whose well-being is to be ***:Our framework is designed to encourage governments and communities to carefully assess the complex tradeoffs inherent in environmental decision-making.

关键词： Human well-being indicators ecosystem-based management integrated ecosystem assessment resource access self-determination