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Conventional therapy for moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic literature review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第9期25卷 1142-1157页

作者： Adérson Omar Mourao Cintra Damiao Matheus Freitas Cardoso de Azevedo Alexandre de Sousa Carlos Marcela Yumi Wada Taciana Valéria Marcolino Silva flávio de castro feitosa department of Gastroenterology University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine department of Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceuticals

BACKGROUND despite the advent of biological drugs, conventional therapy continues to be used in moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease(MS-IBD). This study hypothesized that as a standard of treatment and the primary alternative to biologics, conventional therapy should present robust effectiveness results in IBD *** To investigate the effectiveness of conventional therapy for *** A systematic review with no time limit was conducted in July 2017 through the Cochrane Collaboration, MEDLINE, and LILACS databases. The inclusion criteria encompassed meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, observational and case-control studies concerning conventional therapy in adult patients with MS-IBD, including Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC). Corticosteroids(prednisone, hydrocortisone, budesonide, prednisolone,dexamethasone), 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA) derivatives(mesalazine and sulfasalazine) and immunosuppressants [azathioprine(AZA), methotrexate(MTX), mycophenolate, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, 6-mercaptopurine(6-MP)] were considered conventional therapy. The exclusion criteria were sample size below50; narrative reviews; specific subpopulations(e.g., pregnant women,comorbidities); studies on postoperative IBD; and languages other than English,Spanish, French or Portuguese. The primary outcome measures were clinical remission(induction or maintenance), clinical response and mucosal healing. As secondary outcomes, fecal calprotectin, hospitalization, death, and surgeries were analyzed. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, development and Evaluation *** The search strategy identified 1995 citations, of which 27 were considered eligible(7 meta-analyses, 20 individual studies). For induction of clinical remission, four meta-analyses were selected(AZA and 6-MP showed no advantage over placebo,MTX or 5-ASA in CD; MTX showed no statistically significant diffe

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Steroids Sulfasalazine Mesalamine Azathioprine Methotrexate Mycophenolic acid Cyclosporine Tacrolimus 6-Mercaptopurine

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Aptamers as new promising entities for therapeutics:our experience from the neurological diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3523-3524页

作者： Macarena Hernández-Jiménez Fernando de castro Neurovascular Research Unit Pharmacology and Toxicology DepartmentComplutense UniversityMadridSpain AptaTargets S.L. Avda.Cardenal Herrera OriaMadridSpain Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre MadridSpain Instituto Cajal-CSIC MadridSpain

Based on data from Global Burden of Disease,Injuries,and Risk Factors(2024),disorders of the central nervous system(CNS)are an important cause of death or long-term disability,representing the top-ranked contributor to global disability adjusted life *** group of pathological conditions includes congenital and neurodevelopmental disorders,cerebrovascular diseases,and neurodegenerative diseases,and induce the disruption of brain growth,brain and/or spinal cord damage,and cognitive,sensory,or motor function ***,despite the huge impact of these diseases on the lives of patients,there is a lack of available therapeutic options and the investigation in the field represents real interest in the scientific community nowadays.

关键词： diseases congenital impairment

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A simple method for automatic recreation of railway horizontal alignments

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Railway Engineering Science 2025年第1期33卷 62-78页

作者： Alberte castro Gerardo Casal Duarte Santamarina Miguel E.Vázquez‑Méndez Transportation and Infrastructure Engineering Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaEPSERúa Benigno Ledo27002 LugoSpain department of Applied Mathematics Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaEPSERúa Benigno Ledo27002 LugoSpain CITMAga Rúa de Constantino Candeira15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain

This paper deals with the problem of recreating horizontal alignments of existing railway *** main objective is to propose a simple method for automatically obtaining optimized recreated alignments located as close as possible to an existing *** on a previously defined geometric model,two different constrained optimization problems are *** first problem uses only the information provided by a set of points representing the track centerline while the second one also considers additional data about the existing *** proposed methodology consists of a two-stage process in which both problems are solved consecutively using numerical *** main results obtained applying this methodology are presented to show its performance and to prove its practical usefulness:an academic example used to compare with other methods,and a case study of a railway section located in Parga(Spain)in which the geometry of its horizontal alignment is successfully recovered.

关键词： Railway horizontal alignment Geometrical model Constrained optimization problem Numerical resolution

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King's College criteria and the Clichy-Villejuif criteria require adjustments for assessing acute liver failure due to yellow fever

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 124-134页

作者： Bruno da Silva Athanasio Antonio Marcio de Faria Andrade Vivian Vasconcelos Costa Juliano Felix castro Silverio Leonardo Macedo Garcia Mauro Martins Teixeira Daniele da Gloria Souza Paula Vieira Teixeira Vidigal Cristiano Xavier Lima department of Surgery Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Liver Transplantation Unit Felicio Rocho HospitalBelo Horizonte 30110-934Minas GeraisBrazil department of Morphology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil department of Biochemistry and Immunology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil department of Pathology Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Acute liver failure(ALF)is a severe condition characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function in individuals without preexisting liver *** transplantation(LT)is the most impactful *** fever(YF)is an infectious disease that primarily affects the liver and has a high mortality ***,LT can be a viable option for treating rare cases with extensive liver ***,the criteria for assessing the severity of ALF and determining the indications for transplantation have not been specifically validated for cases caused by *** To present necessary adjustments to established scoring systems for ALF secondary to *** This was an observational,retrospective,single-center *** consecutive patients with confirmed ALF due to YF were monitored in the intensive care unit by a specialized liver transplant team during a three-month epidemic outbreak in *** hospitalization,general supportive therapeutic measures were implemented,and the patients were regularly assessed using the King's College criteria and the Clichy-Villejuif criteria to determine the severity of liver *** is considered a viable measure for patients with signs of end-stage liver *** Eight of 14(57%)patients developed severe neurological alterations within the first 96 hours after hospital *** patients underwent emergency LT,and despite a moderate viral infection of the graft after transplantation,the 5-year survival rate was 50%.Although the King's College criteria and the Clichy-Villejuif criteria are the main scoring systems for ALF,they are insufficient for predicting the risk of mortality in this context,primarily because of low serum bilirubin levels in the final stage of the disease and significant disparities between coagulation abnormalities and patient *** To ensure good applicability in cases of YF-induced ALF,the authors suggest adaptations to the King's College and Clichy-Vill

关键词： Yellow fever Acute liver failure Liver transplantation King's College criteria Clichy-Villejuif criteria

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Prehospital critical care drug-therapy and 30-day mortality in patients with acute respiratory disease

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 43-50页

作者： Jesús Jurado-Palomo JoséLuis Martín-Conty Begoña Polonio-López Cristina Rivera Picón Raúl López-Izquierdo Carlos del Pozo Vegas Pedro Ángel de Santos castro Ancor Sanz-García Francisco Martín-Rodríguez Technological Innovation Applied to Health Research Group(ITAS) Faculty of Health SciencesCastilla-La Mancha UniversityTalavera de la Reina 45600Spain Nuestra Señora del Prado General Hospital Talavera de la Reina 45600Spain Emergency department Rio Hortega University HospitalValladolid 47012Spain CIBER of Respiratory Diseases(CIBERES) Institute of Health Carlos ⅢMadrid 28029Spain Faculty of Medicine University of ValladolidValladolid 470003Spain Emergency department University Clinical HospitalValladolid 47003Spain Prehospital Emergency Medical Services(SACYL) Valladolid 47007Spain

BACKGROUND: Prehospital medication is a reality, and the role of these therapies must be explored to assess their validity, especially for acute respiratory diseases, which are usually associated with increased morbidity. The aim of this study was to examine the association of prehospital medication use with mortality in patients with acute respiratory ***: A prospective, multicenter, emergency medical service(EMS) delivery cohort study was carried out in adults with unselected respiratory diseases managed by EMS who were transferred to the emergency department. From January 1, 2019, to October 31, 2023, six advanced life support units, thirty-eight basic life support units, and four hospitals in Spain participated in the study. demographic data, vital signs, use of mechanical ventilation, prehospital respiratory diagnosis, and prehospital medication were collected. The primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital ***: A total of 961 patients were included, with a mortality rate of 17.5%(168 patients). Age, an increasing number of comorbidities, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV), the use of major analgesics, hypnotics, and bicarbonate were risk factors. In contrast, elevated systolic blood pressure and Glasgow Coma Scale scores were found to be protective factors against mortality. The predictive capacity of the model reached an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.857(95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.827–0.888).CONCLUSION: Our data revealed that IMV, major analgesics, hypnotics and bicarbonate administration were associated with elevated mortality. Adding prehospital drug therapy information to demographic variables and vital signs could improve EMS decision-making, allowing a better characterization of patients at risk of clinical worsening.

关键词： Drug-therapy Medication Prehospital Mortality Emergency medical services

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Green synthesis of glycolic acid through the electrocatalytic reduction of oxalic acid over black TiO_(2): An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 544-556页

作者： Hugo Olvera-Vargas Oscar Andrés Jaramillo-Quintero Luis Darío Alarcón León Orlando castro-Ocampo Christian A.Celaya Marina E.Rincón Jesús Muñiz Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IER-UNAM)Priv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixcoMorelos.CP 62580Mexico Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Km 107Carretera Tijuana-EnsenadaEnsenadaB.C.C.P.22800Mexico

Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an *** acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic *** results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from anatase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally *** reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic *** is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism at the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental *** is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.

关键词： Chemical energy storage Electrochemical hydrogenation density functional theory Renewable energy Oxalic acid

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Unsuitable use of spin and pseudospin symmetries with a pseudoscalar Cornell potential

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第9期23卷 60-61页

作者： L.B.castro A.S.de castro departamento de Física CFM Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina departamento de Física Universidade Federal do Maranho Campus Universtitrio do Bacanga departamento de Física e Química Campus de Guaratinguet Universidade Estadual Paulista

The concepts of spin and pseudospin symmetries has been used as mere rhetorics to decorate the pseudoscalar potential [Chin. Phys. B 22 090301 （2013）]. It is also pointed out that a more complete analysis of the bou... 详细信息

关键词： Dirac equation pseudoscalar Comell potential spin symmetry pseudospin symmetry

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An overview on nucleation theories and models

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第10期37卷 1015-1022页

作者： Marcos flavio de Campos Jose Adilson de castro department of Mechanical Engineering Federal Fluminense University

Several different models for coercivity are discussed. There are two main situations: i) nanocrystalline magnets, with grain size bellow the single domain particle size, and ii) magnets with grain size above single domain particle size. The described theories and models are general, and can be applied in either NdFeB magnets, SmFeCoCuZr or strontium ferrite magnets. The spring effect observed in isotropic nanocrystalline magnets can be explained with the Stoner-Wohlfarth model. Modifications of the StonerWohlfarth model are necessary to take into account the effect of interaction between grains. When the grain size is above the single domain size, energy considerations show that nucleation should occur at the surface of grains. Nucleation is interpreted as a two-step process, where domain wall displacement occurs for grain size above single domain size, after a nucleus is first formed. The effect of grain size on the coercive field is discussed.

关键词： Coercivity Nucleation Grain size Spring effect Nd-Fe-B Permanent magnet

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Agronomic treatments combined with embryo rescue for rapid generation advancement in tomato speed breeding

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 239-250页

作者： Esther Gimeno-Paez Jaime Prohens Maria Moreno-Cervero Ana de Luis-Margarit Maria Jose Diez Pietro Gramazio Escuela de Doctorado Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente MartirGuillem de Castro 9446001 ValenciaSpain Instituto de Conservaciony Mejora dela Agrodiversidad Valenciana Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaCamino de Vera 1446022 ValenciaSpain departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y Matematicas Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente MartirGuillem de Castro 9446001 ValenciaSpain

Unlike other major crops,little research has been performed on tomato to reduce the generation time for speed *** evaluated several agronomic treatments to reduce the generation time of tomato in the‘M82'(determinate)and‘Moneymaker'(indeterminate)varieties and evaluated the best combination in conjunction with embryo *** container sizes with volumes of 0.2 L(XS),0.45 L(S),0.8 L(M),1.3 L(L),and6 L(XL),were evaluated in the first experiment under the autumn *** found that plants grown in XL containers exhibited better development and required less time from sowing to anthesis(DSA)and from anthesis to fruit ripening(DAR).In the second experiment,using XL containers in the autumn-winter cycle,we evaluated the effects of cold priming at the cotyledonary stage,water stress,P supplementation,and K supplementation on generation *** to the control,we found that cold priming significantly reduced the number of leaves,plant height to first the inflorescence,and DSA(2.7 d),whereas K supplementation reduced the DAR(8.8 d).In contrast,water stress and P supplementation did not significantly affect any of the measured traits like DAR,DSA or fruit *** validate these data,in a third experiment with XL containers in the spring-summer cycle,the combination of cold priming and K supplementation was tested,confirming the significant effect of this combination on the reduction of generation time(2.9 d for DSA and 3.9 d for DAR)compared to the *** rescue during the cell expansion cycle(average of 22.0 d and 23.3 d after anthesis for‘M82'and‘Moneymaker',respectively)allowed the shortening of the generation time by 8.7 d in‘M82'and 11.6 d in‘Moneymaker'compared to the in planta fruit *** combination of agronomic treatments with embryo rescue can effectively increase the number of generations per year from three to four for speed breeding of tomato.

关键词： Solanum lycopersicum Generation time Speed breeding Container size Cold priming K supplementation Embryo rescue

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Effect of thermo-mechanical conditions during constrained friction processing on the particle refinement of AM50 Mg-alloy phases

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2298-2311页

作者： Camila Caroline de castro AndréMartins Neves Benjamin Klusemann Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Material and Process DesignSolid-State Materials Processing21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Hydrogen TechnologySystem Design for Mobility21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmut Schmidt University/University of the German Federal Armed Forces Hamburg Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering22043 HamburgGermany Leuphana University Lüneburg Institute for Production Technology and Systems21335 LüneburgGermany

Constrained Friction Processing(CFP)is a novel solid-state processing technique suitable for lightweight materials,such Mg-and *** technique enables grain size refinement to fine or even ultrafine *** this study,the effect of CFP on the microstructural refinement of AM50 rods is investigated in terms of particle size and morphology of the eutectic and secondary phases originally present in the base material,in particular the eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)and Al-Mn *** that purpose,as-cast and solution heat-treated base material and processed samples were *** Al_(8)Mn_(5) intermetallic phase was identified as the main secondary phase present in all samples before and after the processing.A notorious refinement of these particles was observed,starting from particles with an average equivalent length of a few micrometers to around 560 nm after the *** refinement of the secondary phase refinement is attributed to a mechanism analogous to the attrition comminution,where the combination of temperature increase and shearing of the material enables the continuous breaking of the brittle intermetallic particles into smaller *** for the eutectic phase,the results indicate the presence of the partially divorcedβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles exclusively in the as-cast base material,indicating that no further phase transformations regarding the eutectic phase,such as dynamic precipitation,occurred after the *** the case of the processed as-cast material analyzed after the CFP,the thermal energy generated during the processing led to temperature values above the solvus limit of the eutectic phase,which associated with the mechanical breakage of the particles,enabled the complete dissolution of this ***,CFP was successfully demonstrated to promote an extensive microstructure refinement in multiple aspects,in terms of grain sizes of theα-Mg phase and presence and morphology of the Al-Mn and eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12).

关键词： Constrained friction processing AM50 Refill friction stir spot welding Extrusion β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) Al-Mn phases

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