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Arcti. sea-i.e extent: No record m.ni.0}m.i. 2023 or recent years

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Atm.spheri. and Oceani. Sci.nce Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola m.Johannessen Tor i.Olaussen Nansen Sci.nti.i. Soci.ty BergenNorway Nansen Envi.onm.ntal and Rem.te Sensi.g Center BergenNorway

Arcti. sea-i.e extent reaches i.s m.ni.0}m.each year i. Septem.er. On 11 Septem.er 2023 the m.ni.0}m.was 4.969 m.lli.n square ki.om.ters(***^(2)). Thi. was not a record low, whi.h occurred i. 2012, when the m.ni.0}m.was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the m.ni.0}m.i. 2023. However, the i.e extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) com.ared wi.h 2022. Nevertheless, the sum.er m.lti.g i. 2023 was rem.rkably less than expected when consi.eri.g the strong heat waves i. the atm.sphere and ocean, wi.h record tem.eratures set around the world. i. general, there i. a hi.h correlati.n between the long-term.decrease i. sea-i.e extent and the i.creasi.g CO_(2) i. the atm.sphere, where the i.crease of CO_(2) i. recent decades explai.s about 80% of the decrease i. sea i.e i. Septem.er, whi.e the rem.i.der i. caused by natural vari.bi.i.y.

关键词： Sea i.e Arcti. m.ni.0}m.i.e Cli.0}te

On the radi.ti.e and therm.dynam.c properti.s of the cosm.c radi.ti.ns usi.g COBE Fi.AS i.strum.nt data: Ⅲ. Galacti. far-i.frared radi.ti.n

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Research i. Astronom. and Astrophysi.s 2015年第7期15卷 939-952页

作者： Anatoli. i.fisenko Vladi.1}r Lem.erg ONCFEC i.c.

Usi.g the three-com.onent spectral m.del descri.i.g the Fi.AS average conti.uum.spectra, the exact analyti.al expressi.ns for therm.dynam.c and radi.ti.e functi.ns of Galacti. far-i.frared radi.ti.n are obtai.ed. The COBE Fi.AS i.strum.nt data i. the 0.15-2.88 THz frequency i.terval at the m.an tem.eratures of T1= 17.72 K, T2= 14 K and T3= 6.73 K are used for calculati.g the radi.ti.e and therm.dynam.c functi.ns, such as the total radi.ti.n power per uni. area, total energy densi.y, total em.ssi.i.y, num.er densi.y of photons, Helm.oltz free energy densi.y, entropy densi.y, heat capaci.y at constant volum. and pressure for the warm.i.term.di.te-tem.erature and very cold com.onents of the Galacti. conti.uum.spectra. The generali.ed Stefan-Boltzm.nn law for warm. i.term.di.te-tem.erature and very cold com.onents i. constructed. The tem.erature dependence of each com.onent i. determ.ned by the form.la i.-B（T） = σ′ T6. Thi. result i. i.0}ortant when we construct the cosm.logi.al m.dels of radi.ti.e transfer that can be appli.d i.si.e the Galaxy. Wi.hi. the fram.work of the three-com.onent spectral m.del, the total num.er of photons i. our Galaxy and the total radi.ti.n power（total lum.nosi.y） em.tted from.a surface of the Galaxy are calculated. Thei. values are N6Gtotal= 1.3780 × 108 and i.Gtotal（T） = 1.0482 × 106 W. Other radi.ti.e and therm.dynam.c properti.s of the Galacti. far-i.frared radi.ti.n（photon gas） of the Galaxy are calculated. The expressi.ns for astrophysi.al param.ters, such as the entropy densi.y/Boltzm.nn constant and num.er densi.y of the Galacti. far-i.frared photons are obtai.ed. We assum. that the obtai.ed analyti.al expressi.ns for therm.dynam.c and radi.ti.e functi.ns m.y be useful for descri.i.g the conti.uum.spectra of the far-i.frared radi.ti.n for other galaxi.s.

关键词： Galaxy: general -- galaxi.s: general

An i.0}rovem.nt of the Asym.toti. i.erati.n m.thod for Exactly Solvable Ei.envalue Problem.

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Chi.ese Physi.s Letters 2007年第11期24卷 3028-3031页

作者： i. Boztosun m. Karakoc Faculty of Arts and Sci.nces Department of Physics Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey

We deri.e a form.la that si.0}li.i.s the ori.i.al asym.toti. i.erati.n m.thod form.lati.n to fi.d the energy ei.envalues for the analyti.ally solvable cases. We then show that there i. a connecti.n between the asym.toti. i.erati.n and the Ni.i.oro-Uvarov m.thods, whi.h both solve the second order li.ear ordi.ary di.ferenti.l equati.ns analyti.ally.

关键词： coated conductor buffer layer self-epi.axy CeO2

Dom.no Ti.i.g:A New m.thod of Real-Ti.0} Conform.ng m.sh Constructi.n for Renderi.g Changeable Hei.ht Fi.lds

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Journal of Com.uter Sci.nce & Technology 2011年第6期26卷 971-987页

作者： Dorde m. Durdevi. i.or i. Tartalja School of Electri.al Engi.eeri.g University of Belgrade

i. thi. paper we present a novel GPU-ori.nted m.thod of creati.g an i.herently conti.uous tri.ngular m.sh for ti.e-based renderi.g of regular hei.ht fi.lds. The m.thod i. based on ti.i.g data-i.dependent sem.-regular m.shes of non-uni.orm.structure, a techni.ue that i. qui.e di.ferent from.other m.sh ti.i.g approaches. A com.lete, m.m.ry effi.i.nt set of m.sh patterns i. created by an off-li.e procedure and stored i.to the graphi.s adapter＇s m.m.ry at runti.0}. At renderi.g ti.0}, for each ti.e, one of the precom.uted m.sh patterns i. selected for renderi.g. The selected m.sh pattern fi.s the requi.ed level of detai.s of the ti.e and ensures seam.ess connecti.n wi.h other adjacent m.sh patterns, li.e i. a gam. of dom.noes. The scalabi.i.y potenti.l of the proposed m.thod i. dem.nstrated through quadtree hi.rarchi.al groupi.g of ti.es. The effi.i.ncy i. veri.i.d by experi.0}ntal results on hei.ht fi.lds for terrai. representati.n, where the m.thod achi.ves hi.h fram. rates and sustai.ed tri.ngle throughput on hi.h resoluti.n vi.wports wi.h sub-pi.el error tolerance. Fram. rate sensi.i.i.y to real-ti.0} m.di.i.ati.ns of the hei.ht fi.ld i. m.asured, and i. i. shown that the m.thod i. very tolerant and consequently well tai.ored for appli.ati.ns deali.g wi.h rapi.ly changeable phenom.na represented by hei.ht fi.lds.

关键词： graphi.s data structures and data types hei.ht fi.ld surface representati.n level of detai.s real-ti.0} hei.htfi.ld m.ni.ulati.n vi.w-dependent renderi.g

On the Generali.ed Conti.ui.y Equati.n

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Chi.ese Physi.s Letters 2010年第8期27卷 117-120页

作者： Arbab i. Arbab Hi.ham. m. Wi.atallah Departm.nt of Physi.s Faculty of Science University of Khartoum PO Box 321 Khartoum 11115 Sudan Departm.nt of Physi.s College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36 Al-IKhod Muscat 123 Oman

A generali.ed conti.ui.y equati.n extendi.g the ordi.ary conti.ui.y equati.n i. found usi.g quanterni.ns to show i. i. com.ati.le wi.h Di.ac, Schrǒdi.ger, Klei.-Gordon and di.fusi.n equati.ns. Thi. generali.ed equati.n i. Lorentz i.vari.nt. The transport properti.s of electrons are found to be governed by the Schr6di.ger-li.e equati.n and not by the di.fusi.n equati.n.

关键词： Di.FERENTi.L equati.ns QUATERNi.NS Di.AC equati.n SCHRODi.GER equati.n KLEi.-Gordon equati.n ELECTRON transport HEAT equati.n

A reali.ti. topologi.al p-n juncti.n at the Bi.Se3 （0001） surface based on planar twi. boundary defects

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1784-1793页

作者： Hugo Aram.erri.m. Carm.n m.noz Jorge i. Cerda i.sti.uto de Ci.nci. de m.teri.les de m.dri. (i.m.-CSi.) Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain

We propose a reali.ti. topologi.al p-n juncti.n （TPNJ） by m.tchi.g two Bi.Se3 （0001） slabs wi.h opposi.e arrangem.nts of planar twi. boundary defects. The atom.sti. m.deli.g of such a devi.e leads to di.locati.n defects i. the hexagonal latti.e i. several qui.tuple layers. Nevertheless, total energy calculati.ns reveal that the i.terface relaxes, yi.ldi.g a sm.oth geom.tri.al transi.i.n that preserves the nearest-nei.hbors fcc-type geom.try throughout these defect layers. The electroni., m.gneti., and transport properti.s of the juncti.n have then been calculated at the ab i.i.i. level under open boundary condi.i.ns, i.e., em.loyi.g a thi.-fi.m.geom.try that i. i.fi.i.e along the electron transport di.ecti.n. i.deed, a p-n juncti.n i. obtai.ed wi.h a bui.t-i. potenti.l as large as 350 m.V. The calculati.ns further reveal the spi. texture across the i.terface wi.h unprecedented detai.. As the m.i. result, we obtai. non-negli.i.le transm.ssi.n probabi.i.i.s around the F poi.t, whi.h i.volve an electron spi.-fli. process whi.e crossi.g the i.terface.

关键词： topologi.al i.sulators p-n juncti.ns spi.troni.s electroni. devi.es twi. boundari.s

m.gnetohydrodynam.c approach of non-Newtoni.n blood flow wi.h m.gneti. parti.les i. stenosed artery

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Appli.d m.them.ti.s and m.chani.s(Engli.h Edi.i.n) 2017年第3期38卷 379-392页

作者： i. A. m.RZAt m. ABDULHAm.ED S. SHAFi. Abdus Salam.School of m.them.ti.al Sci.nces Government College University Lahore 54000 Pakistan School of Sci.nce and Technology Federal Polytechnic P. M. B. Bauchi 0231 Nigeria Departm.nt of m.them.ti.al Sci.nces Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Skudai 81310 Malaysia

The non-Newtoni.n blood flow, together wi.h m.gneti. parti.les i. a stenosed artery, i. studi.d usi.g a m.gneto-hydrodynam.c approach. The wall sli. condi.i.n i. also consi.ered. Approxi.0}te soluti.ns are obtai.ed i. seri.s form. under the assum.ti.n that the Wom.rsley frequency param.ter has sm.ll values. Usi.g an i.tegral transform.m.thod, analyti.al soluti.ns for any values of the Wom.rsley param.ter are *** si.0}lati.ns are perform.d usi.g m.THCAD to study the i.fluence of stenosi. and m.gneti. fi.ld on the flow param.ters. When enteri.g the stenosed area, blood veloci.y i.creases sli.htly, but i.creases consi.erably and reaches i.s m.xi.0}m.value i. the stenosi. throat. i. i. concluded that the m.gni.ude of axi.l veloci.y vari.s consi.erably when the appli.d m.gneti. fi.ld i. strong. The m.gni.ude of m.xi.0}m.flui. veloci.y i. hi.h i. the case of weak m.gneti. fi.lds. Thi. i. due to the Lorentz's force that opposes m.ti.n of an electri.ally conducti.g flui.. The effect of externally transverse m.gneti. fi.ld i. to decelerate the flow of blood. The shear stress consi.tently decreases i. the presence of a m.gneti. fi.ld wi.h i.creasi.g i.tensi.y.

关键词： Bi.gham plasti. flui., m.gneti. parti.le, blood flow, m.gnetohydrodynam.i.s, artery stenosi.

m.ller Energy-m.m.ntum.Com.lex i. General Relati.i.y for Hi.her Di.0}nsi.nal Uni.erses

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Chi.ese Physi.s Letters 2007年第7期24卷 1821-1824页

作者： m. Aygi.n S. Aygi.n i. Yflm.z H. Baysal i. Tarhan Departm.nt of Physi.s Art and Science Faculty Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17020 Canakkale Thrkey Departm.nt of Secondary Sci.nce and m.them.ti.s Educati.n Faculty of Education~anakkale Onsekiz Mart University 17100 Canakkale Turkey

Usi.g the m.11er energy-m.m.ntum.defi.i.i.n i. general relati.i.y （GR） we calculate the total energy-m.m.ntum.di.tri.uti.n associ.ted wi.h （n 4- 2）-di.0}nsi.nal hom.geneous and i.otropi. m.del of the uni.erse. i. i. found that total energy of m.ller i. vani.hi.g i. （n 4- 2） di.0}nsi.ns everywhere but n-m.m.ntum.com.onents of m.11er i. （n 4- 2） di.0}nsi.ns are di.ferent from.zero. Also, we evaluate the stati. Ei.stei. Uni.erse, FRW uni.erse and de Si.ter uni.erse i. four di.0}nsi.ns by usi.g （n 4- 2）-type m.tri., then calculate the m.11er energy-m.m.ntum.di.tri.uti.n of these spaceti.0}s. However, our results are consi.tent wi.h the results of Banerjee and Sen, Xulu, Radi.schi. Vargas, Cooperstock-i.raeli., A ygi.n et al., Rosen, and Johri.et al. i. four di.0}nsi.ns.

关键词： Energy-m.m.ntum Relati.i.y Di.0}nsi.nal

Tri.ologi.al Characteri.ati.n of Com.erci.l Pure Ti.ani.m.Processed by m.lti.Di.ecti.nal Forgi.g

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Acta m.tallurgi.a Si.i.a(Engli.h Letters) 2019年第7期32卷 857-868页

作者： i. Ansari.n m. H. Shaeri.m. Ebrahi.0} P. m.nari. Departm.nt of m.teri.ls Sci.nce and Engi.eeri.g Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU) P.O. Box 34148-9681 & Qazvin Iran Departm.nt of m.chani.al Engi.eeri.g Faculty of Engineering University of Maragheh P.O. Box 55136-533 Maragheh Iran Departm.nt of Physi.s of m.teri.ls Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Thi. work di.cusses tri.ologi.al properti.s of com.erci.l pure (CP) ti.ani.m.processed by m.lti.di.ecti.nal forgi.g (m.F) up to si. passes at room.tem.erature and 220 ℃. For thi. purpose, wear test was conducted by dry sli.i.g pi.-on-di.k m.thod on the i.i.i.l and ultrafi.e grai.ed sam.les usi.g di.ferent stress m.gni.udes of 1, 1.5 and 2 m.a. The results showed that wear resi.tance of CP ti.ani.m.i.creases after the fi.st pass of m.F i. com.ari.on wi.h the i.i.i.l condi.i.n, i.respecti.e of the appli.d norm.l stress. For exam.le, the average wear rate of m.Fed sam.les was decreased about 30% and 24%, after fi.st pass at room.tem.erature and 220 ℃, respecti.ely. However, average wear rate of the sam.les processed by si. m.F passes was reduced about 40% at lower norm.l loads;i. was i.creased about 9% at hi.her ones as com.ared to the i.i.i.l condi.i.n. i. was also found that the dom.nated wear m.chani.m. were abrasi.e and delam.nated at the lower stresses, whi.e the delam.nati.n m.chani.m.was i.tensi.i.d and a sli.ht adhesi.n was observed duri.g the hi.her appli.d norm.l loads.

关键词： m.lti.di.ecti.nal forgi.g Com.erci.l pure ti.ani.m Tri.ologi.al behavi.r Wear m.chani.m.