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Development of a CO_2 Tolerant fischer-Tropsch Catalyst:from Laboratory to Commercial-Sca1e Demonstration in Alaska

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journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2004年第1期13卷 1-9页

作者： joep j H M Font Freide Tim D Gamlin j Richard Hensman Barry Nay Christopher Sharp BP Exploration Operating Company Chertsey RoadSunbury on ThamesMiddlesexTWl6 7LNEnglandDavy Process Technology Lid 20 Eastbourne TerraceLondon W2 6LEEnglandDavy Process Technology Lid 20 Eastbourne TerraceLondon W2 6LEEnglandBP Chemicals LtdChertsey RoadSunbury on ThamesMiddlesexTW16 7LLEnglandBP Chemicals LtdChertsey RoadSunbury on ThamesMiddlesexTW16 7LLEngland

This article describes the development of BP's fischer-Tropsch catalyst, used for the conversion of carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid hydrocarbons. It covers the 18 year period from the early eighties, when laboratory scale preparations and micro-reactors were heavily used, right through to the present day with the commercial scale manufacture and proving of the finished catalyst in BP's new ＄86 million gas to liquids demonstration facility in Nikiski, Alaska. Extensive performance testing and scale-up experiments have been successfully carried out, all proof that a laboratory preparation can indeed be translated into a commercial manufacturing process. In addition, the resulting catalyst does not only meet the process design targets, but also exhibits enhanced stability and is tolerant to carbon dioxide. Above all, a commercial scale, fixed bed fischer-Tropsch catalyst is now available and ready for licensing. Manufacturing procedures and quality control have all been successfully detailed and transferred to the commercial manufacturer.

关键词： carbon dioxide Fisher-Tropsch development syngas commercial catalyst

3.46-2.46 Ga条带磁铁矿中磷灰石纳米颗粒的发现及其意义

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矿物岩石地球化学通报 2021年第3期40卷 753-753页

作者： Rasmussen B. Muhling j.R. Suvorova A. fischer W.W. 袁超(编译) 不详

磷是生命必需元素,不仅影响光合作用还对海洋中碳循环起着关键的调节作用。在现代海洋中,磷一般通过陆壳风化获得,并通过在光带被海洋生物吸收和生物质沉降以及无机颗粒表面吸附所去除。对古代海洋中的磷浓度主要受条带磁铁矿中磷的含... 详细信息

磷是生命必需元素,不仅影响光合作用还对海洋中碳循环起着关键的调节作用。在现代海洋中,磷一般通过陆壳风化获得,并通过在光带被海洋生物吸收和生物质沉降以及无机颗粒表面吸附所去除。对古代海洋中的磷浓度主要受条带磁铁矿中磷的含量控制,然而我们对于古代海水中的磷的清除过程及其相关的沉积相却不清楚。一般认为条带磁铁矿中的氧化铁/氢氧化物颗粒从海洋水中强烈地吸附磷。

关键词：现代海洋必需元素无机颗粒沉积相碳循环磁铁矿磷灰石磷浓度

Preparation of the Rutin-SBA-16 Drug Delivery System

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journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： juliana Camila fischer Karnopp Teofilo Fernando Mazon Cardoso Daniel Araujo Goncalves Aline Regina Hellman Carollo Gustavo Rocha de Castro Adriana Pereira Duarte Marco Antonio Utrera Martines Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Mato Grosso do SulCidade UniversitariaCampo GrandeMSBrazil Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Food and NutritionFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulCidade UniversitariaCampo GrandeMSBrazil Department of Chemistry Minas Gerais State UniversityItuiutabaMGBrazil Institute of Biosciences Sao Paulo State UniversityBotucatuSPBrazil

This study sets out a scheme for a controlled release delivery system using SBA-16 as a carrier matrix and Rutin as a drug (Rutin-SBA-16). Physicochemical characterizations were performed to confirm the structure of the SBA-16 for post-synthesis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The presence of Rutin-SBA-16 was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms at 77 K. The dissolution kinetics was evaluated by the Zero Order, First Order and Higuchi models, and Rutin quantification was carried out by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The best impregnation time, which was 8 hours, adsorbing 284 μg Rutin per mg of silica, and the maximum degree of dissolution occurred in a period of 20 - 25 h. The release kinetics of the Rutin was called Higuchi, and showed high linearity, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.999 compared with 0.905 and 0.980 of the zero order and first order models respectively. The study shows the benefits of Rutin-SBA-16 as a drug delivery system.

关键词： Rutin Controlled Release Systems Kinetic Study Mesoporous Silica Flavonoid

On-chip frequency combs and telecommunications signal processing meet quantum optics

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2018年第2期11卷 134-147页

作者： Christian REIMER Yanbing ZHANG Piotr ROZTOCKI Stefania SCIARA Luis Romero CORTES Mehedi ISLAM Bennet fischer Benjamin WETZEL Alfonso Carmelo CINO Sai Tak CHU Brent LITTLE David MOSS Lucia CASPANI jose AZANA Michael KUES Roberto MORANDOTTI Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique - Centre Energie Matrriaux et Telecommunications (INRS-EMT) 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet Varennes Qurbec J3X 1S2 Canada Department of Energy Information Engineering and Mathematical Models University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Sussex Falmer Brighton BN1 9QH UK Department of Physics and Material Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710119 China Centre for Micro Photonics Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia Institute of Photonics Department of Physics University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1RD UK School of Engineering University of Glasgow Rankine Building Oakfield Avenue Glasgow G 12 8LT UK Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China National Research University of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics St Petersburg 197101 Russia

Entangled optical quantum states are essential towards solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of applications in quantum information science. For advancing the research and development of quantum technologies, practical access to the generation and manipulation of photon states carrying significant quantum resources is required. Recently, integrated photonics has become a leading platform for the compact and cost- efficient generation and processing of optical quantum states. Despite significant advances, most on-chip non- classical light sources are still limited to basic bi-photon systems formed by two-dimensional states （i.e., qubits）. An interesting approach beating large potential is the use of the time or frequency domain to enabled the scalable on- chip generation of complex states. In this manuscript, we review recent efforts in using on-chip optical frequency combs for quantum state generation and telecommunica- tions components for their coherent control. In particular, the generation of bi- and multi-photon entangled qubit states has been demonstrated, based on a discrete time domain approach. Moreover, the on-chip generation of high-dimensional entangled states （quDits） has recentlybeen realized, wherein the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple pure frequency modes. The time- and frequency-domain states formed with on-chip frequency comb sources were coherently manipulated via off-the-shelf telecommunications compo- nents. Our results suggest that microcavity-based entangled photon states and their coherent control using accessible telecommunication infrastructures can open up new venues for scalable quantum information science.

关键词： nonlinear optics quantum optics entangledphotons

Gold modified cobalt-based fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013年第3期7卷 262-269页

作者： Alan j. Mccue jura Aponaviciute Richard P.K. Wells james A. Anderson Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Group Department of Chemistry University of Aberdeen AB24 3UE Abcrdccn UK Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Group School of Engineering University of Aberdeen AB24 3UE Aberdeen UK

The addition of Au as a promoter/modifier for alumina supported Co catalyst has been studied by combined in-situ high temperature, high pressure Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） and on-line gas chromatography. The combination of these tools permitted the state of the active catalyst surface to be monitored while following the elution of reaction products during the first 5-7 h on stream of the catalyst. The catalysts under study were a 10%Co/ A1203 and a 2.5%Au/10%Co/A1203. Samples were characterised before use using Raman and temperature programmed reduction （TPR）. During the initial stages of reaction, hydrocarbons were built up on the surface of the catalyst as monitored by FTIR and the nature and amount of these species were assessed in terms of CH2/CH3 ratio and the density of these alkyl fragments by employing absorption coefficients for the individual components. The nature and reducibility of the Co particles were modified by the presence of Au while the later also shifted the CO/ H2 balance by acting as an effective water-gas shift catalyst during the early stages of reaction. This characteristic was lost during reaction as a consequence of redistribution of the two metallic phases.

关键词： gold modified catalyst conversion of synthesis gas

A History of fischer-Tropsch Wax Upgrading at BP-from Catalyst Screening Studies to Full Scale Demonstration in Alaska

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journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2006年第1期15卷 1-10页

作者： john P. Collins joep j. H. M. Font Freide Barry Nay BP Exploration America Inc. BP Exploration Operating Company

Conversion of fischer-Tropsch wax into high quality synthetic crude or finished transportation fuels such as premium diesel has been studied over the past 15 years within BP. Catalyst screening and selection was carried out in dedicated micro-reactors and pilot plants, whose designs are critical to the performance selection. Variation in catalyst composition and defining the gas to oil feed ratios with the operating temperature are a few of the parameters studied. Product selection and maximizing diesel yield combined with stability （catalyst life） were the ultimate drivers. The selected catalyst was then tested under commercial conditions in a dedicated 300 barrel per day demonstration plant. The products were also tested in engines to assess their combustion characteristics.

关键词： fischer-Tropsch wax upgrading hydrocracking synthetic crude diesel naphtha engine emission

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急性肝功能衰竭的病程和肝移植的时机

德国医学 2000年第2期17卷 71-73页

作者： W.D.Paar A.Mller U.Spengler H.P.fischer H.j.Hertfelder A.Hirner T.Sauerbruch 何晓军 Medizinische Universittsklinik und Poliklinik-Allgemeine Innere Medizin BonnGermany 北京空军总医院

急性肝功能衰竭(ALV)表现为一种严重的凝血障碍并伴有肝性脑病。过去认为既往无肝病病史,现在认为也可有潜在病(如Wilson病、自身免疫性肝炎)。如果肝病开始8周内出现脑病,就称暴发性肝功能衰竭。最常见病因是急性病毒性肝炎,大约占70％... 详细信息

急性肝功能衰竭(ALV)表现为一种严重的凝血障碍并伴有肝性脑病。过去认为既往无肝病病史,现在认为也可有潜在病(如Wilson病、自身免疫性肝炎)。如果肝病开始8周内出现脑病,就称暴发性肝功能衰竭。最常见病因是急性病毒性肝炎,大约占70％,其次是药物、中毒或输血错误。脑病、脑水肿、出血和败血症是急性肝功能衰竭死亡的主要原因。保守治疗的死亡率高达80％。及时行肝移植可降至30％～40％。

关键词：急性肝功能衰竭病程肝移植手术时机

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重庆科技馆

世界建筑导报 2006年第8期21卷 82-83页

作者： M.Robain R.Tisnado j-F.Bonne A.Bretagnolle R-H.Arnaud L-M.fischer M.Lehmann R.Ayache 法国AS.建筑工作室

设计任务:重庆科技馆包括一个有天文馆、水族馆、火箭馆、一个电影院,一个儿童城的永久会展厅,几个临时会展厅,一个大型会议室和一个宾馆服务区.……

关键词：科技馆重庆展厅

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在大断面巷道中用隔爆水槽棚隔爆

煤矿安全 1988年第4期 44-44页

作者： j.Michelis D.fischer

在联邦德国矿井中,新掘进巷道的断面在18～28m~2范围内。巷道中大量的设备给普通隔爆棚应用造成了困难。为了能完全隔绝生产条件下的爆炸,在特雷莫尼亚试验矿井进行了大量的爆炸试验,爆炸试验巷道的断面大约20m~2进行的试验分成三部分:a... 详细信息

在联邦德国矿井中,新掘进巷道的断面在18～28m~2范围内。巷道中大量的设备给普通隔爆棚应用造成了困难。为了能完全隔绝生产条件下的爆炸,在特雷莫尼亚试验矿井进行了大量的爆炸试验,爆炸试验巷道的断面大约20m~2进行的试验分成三部分:a)空载试验;b)灭火剂撒散试验;c)抑爆试验,在此一个重要的试验准则是在巷道中放入设备,如皮带运输机,局部通风机,管道等。

关键词：大断面巷道布置方式隔爆