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Quasi-static, Poiseuille Flow of Analgesics from an Elastomeric Pump: Theoretical Determination of Infusion Times and Toxicity Conditions

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 251-265页

作者： Clare b. Lipscombe Trevor C. Lipscombe Don s. Lemons Division of General surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Catholic University of America Press Washington DC USA Department of Physics Bethel College North Newton KS USA

background : Elastomeric pumps (elastic balls into which analgesics or antibiotics can be inserted) push medicines through a catheter to a nerve or blood vessel. since elastomeric pumps are small and need no power source, they fit easily into a pocket during infusion, allowing patient mobility. Elastomeric pumps are widely used and widely studied experimentally, but they have well-known problems, such as maintaining reliable flow rates and avoiding toxicity or other peak-and-trough effects. Objectives : Our research objective is to develop a realistic theoretical model of an elastomeric pump, analyze its flow rates, determine its toxicity conditions, and otherwise improve its operation. We believe this is the first such theoretical model of an elastomeric pump consisting of an elastic, medicine-filled ball attached to a horizontal catheter. Method : Our method is to model the system as a quasi-Poiseuille flow driven by the pressure drop generated by the elastic sphere. We construct an engineering model of the pressure exerted by an elastic sphere and match it to a solution of the one-dimensional radial Navier-stokes equation that describes flow through a horizontal, cylindrical tube. Results : Our results are that the model accurately reproduces flow rates obtained in clinical studies. We also discover that the flow rate has an unavoidable maximum, which we call the “toxicity bump”, when the radius of the sphere approaches its terminal, unstretched value—an effect that has been observed experimentally. Conclu sions : We conclude that by choosing the properties of an elastomeric pump, the toxicity bump can be restricted to less than 10% of the earlier, relatively constant flow rate. Our model also produces a relation between the length of time that the analgesic fluid infuses and the physical properties of the fluid, of the elastomeric sphere and the tube, and of the blood vessel into which the analgesic infuses. From these, we conclude that elastomeric pumps can be

关键词： Elastomeric Pump Infusion Therapy bio-Fluids Medical Devices Antibiotic Delivery Analgesic Delivery

Enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： sankalp Tandle Jared M.Wohlgemut Max E.R.Marsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrimi Rebecca s.stoner William Marsh Zane b.Perkins Nigel R.M.Tai Centre for Trauma sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of Military surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent systematic reviewaArtificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on machine learning(ML)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury blood transfusion Massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence Machine learning

background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal J.P.Reistad s.M.Hatch s.Gasparini s.J.Walker birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on b-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

biliary complications associated with weight loss,cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第4期15卷 1-8页

作者： Marcelo A Ribeiro Jr Gabriela K Tebar Helena b Niero Leticia s Pacheco Department of surgery Division of TraumaCritical Care and Acute Care SurgerySheikh Shakhbout Medical CityAbu Dhabi 11001United Arab Emirates Department of surgery Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo-Campus SorocabaSorocaba 18030070SPBrazil

biliary complications like cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis are more common in bariatric surgery patients due to obesity and rapid weight *** with a body mass index>40 face an eightfold risk of developing *** surgery,especially after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(LRYGb),30%of patients develop biliary disease due to rapid weight *** aim of this review is to analyze the main biliary complications that occur after bariatric surgery and its management.A review of the literature was conducted mainly from 2010 up to 2023 with regard to biliary complications associated with bariatric patients in sciELO,PubMed,and *** undergoing LRYGb have a higher incidence(14.5%)of symptomatic calculi post-surgery compared to those undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at 4.1%.Key biliary complications within 6 to 12 months post-surgery include:Cholelithiasis:36%;biliary colic/dyskinesia:3.86%;Acute cholecystitis:0.98%-18.1%;Chronic cholecystitis:70.2%;Choledocholithiasis:0.2%-5.7%and Pancreatitis:0.46%-9.4%.surgeons need to be aware of these complications and consider surgical treatments based on patient symptoms to enhance their quality of life.

关键词： bariatric surgery Complications Choledocholithiasis Cholelithiasis Acute cholecystitis

Protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第2期33卷 169-177页

作者： Mandal Manoj Kumar Choudhury binayak s. samanta soumen Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah 711103West BengalIndia

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping(AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IbMQ platform.

关键词： multi-qubit entangled channel quantum remote state preparation noisy environments weak and reversal measurements

Highly Defective Dark TiO_(2) Modified with Pt: Effects of Precursor Nature and Preparation Method on Photocatalytic Properties

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 198-209页

作者： E.D.Fakhrutdinova O.A.Reutova T.A.bugrova I.Yu.Ovsyuk L.s.Kibis O.A.stonkus D.b.Vasilchenko O.V.Vodyankina V.A.svetlychnyi National Research Tomsk state University TomskRussia 634050 Novosibirsk state University NovosibirskRussia 630090 boreskov Institute of Catalysis NovosibirskRussia 630090 Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry NovosibirskRussia 630090

The study focused on the modification with platinum of dark defective titania obtained via pulsed laser ablation. both the method of Pt introduction and the nature of the Pt precursor were varied. All samples exhibited similar phase compositions, specific surface areas, and Pt contents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with pulsed CO adsorption revealed increased dispersity when photoreduction and the hydroxonitrate complex (Me _(4) N) _(2) [Pt _(2) (OH) _(2) (NO _(3) ) _(8) ] were used. The sample featured a high content of single-atom species and subnano-sized Pt clusters. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the photoreduction method facilitated the appearance of a larger number of Pt ^(2+) states, which appeared owing to the strong metal-support interaction (sMsI) eff ect of the transfer of electron density from the electron-saturated defects on the TiO _(2) surface to Pt ^(4+) . In the hydrogen evolution reaction, samples with a significant fraction of the Pt ^(2+) ionic component, capable of generating short-lived Pt^(0) single-atom sites under irradiation due to the sMsI eff ect, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. The 0.5Pt(C)/TiO_(2) -Ph sample exhibited the highest hydrogen yield with a quantum efficiency of 0.53, retaining its activity even after 8 h of operation.

关键词： Dark(black)TiO_(2) Pulsed laser ablation Platinum reduction method Precursor type Photocatalysis Hydrogen evolution reaction

Diversity and structure of the Woody stand in a sudano-sahelian Transition Zone in senegal

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Oumar sarr Moustapha b. sagna Amy bakhoum sékouna Diatta Aliou Guissé UCAD/FsT Laboratory of Ecology and Ecohydrology Dakar Senegal Tessekere Human Environment Observatory (senegal) IRL 3189 “Environment Health Society” Dakar Senegal

The main objective of the study was to investigate the diversity of the woody stratum of the vegetation in intercommunity rangelands in the department of Koungheul based on an ecological inventory using vegetation surveys. The results indicate a rich flora of 70 species divided into 54 genera and 27 families where Ceasalpiniaceae and Rubiaceae are dominant (5 genera each). They are followed by Combretaceae and Euphorbiacea (4 genera each) and by Capparaceae, Fabaceae and Mimosaceae (3 genera for each family). but at the specific level, it is the Combretaceae which dominates with 10 species and Rubiaceae (7 species). It is more representative at the level of the rural community of Lour Esacale. The different values of vegetation parameters from one site to another indicate variability in community rangeland management practices. The woody stand, dominated by small Combretaceae, shows a relatively stable level of organization with an average equitability of about 45% for the two rural communities studied. species such as Cordyla pinnata, sclerocarya birrea, Adansonia digitata and sterculia setigera contributed strongly to the basal and aerial cover of the overall stand. The regeneration of the stand is very good (about 85% on average) but it represents very few species, especially of the Combretaceae family. This shows a tendency to a progressive loss of species richness in the woody stratum.

关键词： Flora Woody species Vegetation surveys Regeneration Kaffrine Region

Exploring Variability in sea Level at a Tide Gauge station through Control Charts

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Journal of Environmental & Earth sciences 2024年第1期6卷 11-18页

作者： H.bâkiİz Independent scholar Boca Raton Florida33496USA

Monitoring temporal changes in sea level is important in assessing coastal *** level anomalies at a tide gauge station,if kinematically conceived,include systematic variations such as trend,acceleration,periodic oscillations,and random *** them,the non-stationary nature of the random sea level variations of known or unknown origin at coastal regions has been long recognized by the sea level *** study proposes the analyses of subgroups of random residual statistics of a rigorously formulated kinematic model solution of tide gauge variations using X-bar and s control *** approach is demonstrated using Key West,Florida tide gauge *** mean and standard errors of 5-year-long subgroups of the residuals revealed that sea level changes at this location have been progressively intensifying from 1913 to the *** oscillations in sea level at this locality may be attributed partly to the thermal expansion of seawater with increasing temperatures causing larger buoyancy-related sea level fluctuations as well as the intensification of atmospheric events including wind patterns and the impact of changes in inverted barometer effects that will alter coastal risk assessments for the future.

关键词： Climate change sea level variance X-bar s control charts

Clinical implications of single cell sequencing for bladder cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 597-605页

作者： REZA YADOLLAHVANDMIANDOAb MEHRsA JALALIZADEH FRANCIELE APARECIDA VECHIA DIONATO KEINI bUOsI PATRÍCIA A.F.LEME LUCIANA s.b.DAL COL CRIsTIANE F.GIACOMELLI ALEX DIAs AssIs NAsIM bAsHIRICHELKAsARI LEONARDO OLIVEIRA REIs Uroscience School of Medical SciencesUniversity of CampinasUNICAMPCampinasSao Paulo13083-872Brazil ImmunOncology Pontifical Catholic University of CampinasPUC-CampinasCampinasSao Paulo13087-571Brazil

bladder cancer(bC)is the 10th most common cancer worldwide,with about 0.5 million reported new cases and about 0.2 million deaths per *** this scoping review,we summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical implications of single-cell sequencing for bladder cancer based on PRIsMA *** searched PubMed,CENTRAL,Embase,and supplemented with manual searches through the scopus,and Web of science for published studies until February *** included original studies that used at least one single-cell technology to study bladder ***-one publications were included in the ***-nine studies showed that this technology can identify cell subtypes in the tumor microenvironment that may predict prognosis or response to immune checkpoint inhibition *** studies were able to diagnose bC by identifying neoplastic cells through single-cell sequencing urine *** remaining studies were mainly a preclinical exploration of tumor microenvironment at single cell ***-cell sequencing technology can discriminate heterogeneity in bladder tumor cells and determine the key molecular properties that can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer *** nascent tool can advance the early diagnosis,prognosis judgment,and targeted therapy of bladder cancer.

关键词： bladder cancer Urothelial carcinoma Transitional cell carcinoma single-cell sequencing Tumor heterogeneity Immunotherapy scoping review Tumor microenvironment