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Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Productivity,Quality and Water Use in Olive cv“Manzanilla”

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 109-113页

作者： Raúl Leonel Grijalva-Contreras Rubén Macías-Duarte Gerardo Martínez-Díaz Fabián Robles-Contreras Manuel de Jesús Valenzuela-Ruiz fidel Nunez-Ramírez National Research Institute for Forestry Agricultural and Livestock(INIFAP)CaborcaSonoraMéxico Agricultural Science Institute University Autónoma of Baja California(ICA-UABC)MexicaliB.C.México

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of different regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies on productivity, oil quality and water-use efficiency on olive grown in the Sonoran Desert. The experiments were carried out in 2009 and 2010, and in a ten years old traditional (10 × 5 m) “Manzanilla” olive orchard. The control treatment was irrigated at 100% ETc during the whole season while RDI treatments were applied at 75% ETc or 50% ETc. The two RDI were applied during two phenological stages: at postharvest to evaluate the effect on table olive or from pit hardening to harvest to evaluate the effect on oil olive. Our results indicated that RDI applying 50% ETc during postharvest period reduced significantly fruit set and table olive yield, while applied during pit hardening to harvest period, it decreased oil yield but increased oil content. The RDI applying an ETc of 75% during the postharvest period gave similar table olive yield to the control, and applied form of pit hardening to harvest also gave similar oil yield to the control. The RDI using an ETc of 75% resulted in the highest water-use efficiency for oil or table olive production.

关键词： Olea europaea L. Water Stress Yield and Quality Water Save

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Evolution of Pre-Columbian Metallurgy from the North of Peru Studied with a Portable Non-invasive Equipment Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2011年第1期1卷 48-81页

作者： Roberto Cesareo Angel Bustamante D Julio Fabian S Sandra Zambrano A Walter Alva Luis Chero del Carmen Espinoza C Rosendo Rodriguez R Marco Seclen F fidel Gutierrez V E.B. Ldvano Gonzales A. Marcia A. Rizzutto Enrico Poli Cristiane Calza Marcelino dos Anjos Ricardo T. Lopes Giovanni E. Gigante Gabriel M. Ingo Cristina Riccucci Carlos Elera Izumi Shimada Victor Curay Castillo G and Fabio Lopes Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universith di Sassari Sassari Italy Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peri4 Museo ＂Tumbas Reales de Sip6n ＂ Lambayeque Perlt Instituto de Fisica Universidade de S6o Paulo SP Brasil Asociaci6n cultural e Museo Enrico Poli Lima Peru COPPE Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brasil Dipartimento di Energetica Universith di Roma ＂La Sapienza ＂ Rome Italy lstituto Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR Area Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti Rome Italy Museo de Sic6n Ferrahqfe Perit Istituto Nacional de Cultura Piura Peru Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina PR Brasil

On the north coast of present-day Peru, between the Andes and the Pacific Ocean, prospered approximately between 1000 BC and 1375 AD, several relevant cultures: Chavín (1000-200 BC), Vicús and Frías (200 BC - 300 AD), Moche (400 BC-700 AD), Sicán (700-1375 AD). These cultures are interconnected and characterized by a high metallurgical ability, demonstrated by the presence of beautiful artifacts on gold, silver and copper alloys. More than hundred metal artefacts from these cultures were analyzed with a portable equipment which uses the non-destructive and non-invasive technique of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Following objects were analyzed: (1) gold, silver and copper objects from the Chavín culture (Museo Municipal of Piura and and Museo Enrico Poli in Lima); (2) gold and silver objects from the Vicús and Frías cultures (Museo Municipal of Piura); (3) gold, silver and copper objects from the Moche culture ("Museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán", "Museo de Sitio de Huaca Rajada" in Lambayeque and Museo Enrico Poli in Lima); (4) gold, silver and copper objects from the Sicán culture (Museum of Sicán, Ferra?afe). Portable equipments were employed, mainly composed of a small size X-ray tube and a thermoelectrically cooled, small size, Si-PIN or Si-drift X-ray detectors. The main characteristics of the EDXRF-technique is of being non destructive and multi-elemental. Standard samples of gold and silver alloys were employed for calibration and quantitative analysis. The aims of this campaign of analysis were: (1) to analyze a large number of objects; (2) to differentiate gold, gilded copper and tumbaga (this last being a poor gold alloy enriched at the surface by depletion gilding); (3) to correlate, when possible, composition of analyzed alloys to the specific culture; (4) to determine a possible evolution of metallurgy; (5) to better determine characteristics and beginning time of tumbaga production. It was determined that the analyzed artefacts are composed

关键词： X射线荧光技术能量色散侵入性冶金鲁北设备使用便携式哥伦布

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胎儿畸形的脐动脉彩色多普勒血流频谱分析

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实用妇产科杂志 2000年第5期16卷 246-247页

作者：杨太珠杨志伟张晓莉华西医科大学附属第二医院四川成都610041 大庆油田总医院黑龙江大庆163001

目的 :探讨脐动脉彩色多普勒血流频谱分析在胎儿畸形中的临床意义。方法 :1997年 10月至 1999年 11月于本院行彩色多普勒超声检查胎儿发育异常 5 9例 ,全部病例在出生或引产后得到证实。同期收集正常孕妇 15 4例作为对照组 ,研究其脐动... 详细信息

目的 :探讨脐动脉彩色多普勒血流频谱分析在胎儿畸形中的临床意义。方法 :1997年 10月至 1999年 11月于本院行彩色多普勒超声检查胎儿发育异常 5 9例 ,全部病例在出生或引产后得到证实。同期收集正常孕妇 15 4例作为对照组 ,研究其脐动脉血流收缩期峰速与舒张期末期最低速度之比值 (S/ D值 )。结果 :胎儿畸形组的 S/ D值明显高于正常组 (P0 .0 1)。结论 :胎儿畸形 ,尤其是多发畸形、消化系统畸形和中枢神经系统畸形可引起 S/ D值增高。

关键词：胎儿畸形脐动脉血流彩色多普勒频谱 S/D值

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