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Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro rubio-Cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel canellas fernando Montes Jesús rodríguez-calcerrada rosana López Guillermo G.Gordaliza María Valbuena-carabana Nikos Nanos ramón Perea Luis Gil departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain departamento de sistemas y recursos Naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain school of forestry and Natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,sorbus aucuparia,sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with contrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after canopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics continue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-centennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： forest succession secondary forest Woodland Mixed forest Competition recruitment

Impact of sTAT-signaling pathway on cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer and its role in immunosuppression

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1705-1724页

作者： Damián sánchez-ramírez Mónica G Mendoza-rodríguez Omar r Alemán fernando A candanedo-González Miriam rodríguez-sosa Juan JoséMontesinos-Montesinos Mauricio salcedo Ismael Brito-Toledo Felipe Vaca-Paniagua Luis I Terrazas Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico department of Biology Facultad de QuimicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico City 04510Mexico department of Pathology National Medical Center Century XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio de Células Troncales Mesenquimales Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades OncológicasHospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina y Oncologia Genomica Instituto Mexciano del Seguro SocialMexico City 07300Mexico servicio de Colon y recto Hospital de Oncología Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Laboratorio Nacional en salud Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico

Colorectal cancer(CrC)remains one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer *** displays a desmoplastic reaction(Dr)that has been inversely associated with poor prognosis;less Dr is associated with a better *** reaction generates excessive connective tissue,in which cancer-associated fibroblasts(caFs)are critical cells that form a part of the tumor *** are directly involved in tumorigenesis through different ***,their role in immunosuppression in CrC is not well understood,and the precise role of signal transducers and activators of transcription(sTATs)in mediating caF activity in CrC remains *** the myriad chemical and biological factors that affect caFs,different cytokines mediate their function by activating sTAT signaling ***,the harmful effects of caFs in favoring tumor growth and invasion may be modulated using sTAT ***,we analyze the impact of different sTATs on caF activity and their immunoregulatory role.

关键词： cancer-associated fibroblasts signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling Colorectal cancer Immunity Immunosuppression

TFN-FICFM:sEMG-Based Gesture recognition Using Temporal Fusion Network and Fuzzy Integral-based Classifier Fusion

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1878-1891页

作者： fo Hu Kailun He Mengyuan Qian Mohamed Amin Gouda College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

surface electromyography(sEMG)-based gesture recognition is a key technology in the field of human–computer ***,existing gesture recognition methods face challenges in effectively integrating discriminative temporal feature representations from sEMG *** this paper,we propose a deep learning framework named TFN-FICFM comprises a Temporal Fusion Network(TFN)and Fuzzy Integral-Based Classifier Fusion method(FICFM)to improve the accuracy and robustness of gesture ***,we design a TFN module,which utilizes an attention-based recurrent multi-scale convolutional module to acquire multi-level temporal feature representations and achieves deep fusion of temporal features through a feature pyramid ***,the deep-fused temporal features are utilized to generate multiple sets of gesture category prediction confidences through a feedback ***,we employ FICFM to perform fuzzy fusion on prediction confidences,resulting in the ultimate *** study conducts extensive comparisons and ablation studies using the publicly available datasets Ninapro DB2 and *** demonstrate that the TFN-FICFM model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in classification *** research can serve as a benchmark for sEMG-based gesture recognition and related deep learning modeling.

关键词： Gesture recognition sEMG deep learning Temporal fusion Fuzzy fusion

Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 883-893页

作者： Brendha cação Coimbra Marina Alessandra Pereira Leonardo cardili Venancio Avancini Ferreira Alves Evandro sobroza de Mello Ulysses ribeiro Jr Marcus fernando Kodama Pertille ramos department of Gastroenterology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil department of Pathology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil

BACKGroUND Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1)immuno-therapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer(GC).However,PD-L1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors(PT).AIM To compare PD-L1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases(LNM)of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the PD-L1 status and clinicopathological *** We retrospectively reviewed 284 GC patients who underwent ***-L1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry(clone sP142)using the com-bined positive *** PD-L1+PT staged as pN+were also tested for PD-L1 expression in their ***-L1(-)GC with pN+served as the comparison *** Among 284 GC patients included,45 had PD-L1+PT and 24 of them had pN+.for comparison,44 PD-L1(-)cases with pN+were included(sample loss of 4 cases).Of the PD-L1+PT,54.2%(13/24 cases)were also PD-L1+in the *** PD-L1(-)PT,9.1%(4/44)had PD-L1+in the *** agreement between PT and LNM had a kappa value of *** tumor size and moderate/severe peritumoral inflammatory response were associated with PD-L1 positivity in both *** was no statistical difference in overall survival for PT and LNM according to the PD-L1 status(P=0.166 and P=0.837,respectively).CONCLUsION Intra-patient heterogeneity in PD-L1 expression was observed between the PT and matched *** disagreement in PD-L1 status may emphasize the importance of considering different tumor sites for analyses to select patients for immunotherapy.

关键词： Gastric cancer Lymph node Programmed death ligand 1 stomach neoplasms Immunohistochemistry Metastasis

Participatory risk Governance for seoul, south Korea's Flood risk Management

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International Journal of Disaster risk science 2024年第3期15卷 317-331页

作者： Bokjin ro Gregg Garfin school of Geography Development and Environment The University of Arizona Interdisciplinary Program for Disaster Crisis and Risk Management Sungkyunkwan University school of Natural resources and the Environment The University of Arizona

risk governance is a widely used framework in natural and societal risk management research. risks from natural hazards in urban areas call for the establishment of rigorous and participatory urban risk governance. In this study, we examined participatory risk governance(PrG) of flood risk management(FrM) in seoul, south Korea. We conducted key informant interviews and implemented a survey with citizens, to explore perceptions of flood risks and risk management, and to examine prospects for improving PrG in seoul. We found a gap between the perceptions of key informants and *** informants believed that citizens' low awareness of flood risks hinders PrG. Yet our research found that citizens' risk awareness was not low, and risk awareness may not be the main barrier to participation in PrG. Instead, we found that citizens lacked knowledge of FrM actions, and they assigned government bodies a high level of responsibility for FrM,compared to the level of responsibility that citizens assigned to themselves. Moreover, the actors involved in FrM tended not to trust each other, which implies a lack of mutual understanding. To increase the eff ectiveness of PrG, we suggest a polycentric governance structure anchored by a leading actor group, and active promotion of the participation of actors at multiple levels of governance. Communication between government and citizen participants, designed to foster improved understanding and recognition of one another's roles and contributions to FrM, will enhance trust and improve the implementation of PrG in seoul.

关键词： Citizen participation Flood risk management Participatory risk governance risk awareness south Korea Urban flood risk

Game changer:How Janus kinase inhibitors are reshaping the landscape of ulcerative colitis mana

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3942-3953页

作者： Antonio M caballero-Mateos Guillermo Arturo cañadas-de la Fuente department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology San Cecilio University HospitalGranada 18014Spain department of Nursing Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18004Spain

recent advancements in the treatment landscape of ulcerative colitis(UC)have ushered in a new era of possibilities,particularly with the introduction of Janus kinase(JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription *** novel agents offer a paradigm shift in UC management by targeting key signaling pathways involved in inflammatory *** approved JAK inhibitors(JAKis),such as tofacitinib,filgotinib,and upadacitinib,clinicians now have powerful tools to modulate immune responses and gene expression,potentially revolutionizing the treatment algorithm for *** trials have demonstrated the efficacy of JAKis in inducing and maintaining remission,presenting viable options for patients who have failed conventional ***-world data support the use of JAKis not only as first-line treatments but also in subsequent lines of therapy,particularly in patients with aggressive disease phenotypes or refractory to biologic *** rapid onset of action and potency of JAKis have broadened the possibilities in the management strategies of UC,offering timely relief for patients with active disease and facilitating personalized treatment *** safety concerns,including cardiovascular risks and infections,ongoing research and post-marketing surveillance will continue to refine our understanding of the risk-benefit profile of JAKis in UC management.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Janus kinase inhibitors Filgotinib Tofacitinib Upadacitinib

role of climatic variability in shaping intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in Mediterranean water beetles

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Insect science 2024年第1期31卷 285-298页

作者： susana Pallarés David Garoffolo Belén rodríguez David sánchez-Fernández department of Zoology University of SevilleSevilleSpain Faculty of Biology Department of Ecology and HydrologyUniversity of MurciaCampus EspinardoMurciaSpain

The climatic variability hypothesis(CVH)predicts that organisms in more thermally variable environments have wider thermal breadths and higher thermal plasticity than those from more stable ***,due to evolutionary trade-offs,taxa with greater absolute thermal limits may have little plasticity of such limits(trade-off hypothesis).The CVH assumes that climatic variability is the ultimate driver of thermal tolerance variation across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients,but average temperature also varies along such *** explored intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in three typical Mediterranean saline water beetles(families Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae).for each species,we compared two populations where the species coexist,with similar annual mean temperature but contrasting thermal variability(continental *** population).We estimated thermal limits of adults from each population,previously acclimated at 17,20,or 25℃.We found species-specific patterns but overall,our results agree with the CVH regarding thermal ranges,which were wider in the continental(more variable)*** the two hydrophilid species,this came at the cost of losing plasticity of the upper thermal limit in this population,supporting the trade-off hypothesis,but not in the dytiscid *** results support the role of local adaptation to thermal variability and trade-offs between basal tolerance and physiological plasticity in shaping thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms,but also suggest that intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance does not fit a general pattern among aquatic *** such intraspecific variation could lead to inaccurate predictions of the vulnerability of aquatic insects to global warming.

关键词： acclimation capacity aquatic insects climate change heat coma temperature supercooling point thermal plasticity

Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 135-145页

作者： sandra Gabriela sánchez-González Bárbara Gabriela Cárdenas-del-castillo Elvira Garza-González Gerardo r Padilla-rivas Isaías rodríguez-Balderrama Consuelo Treviño-Garza fernando Félix Montes-Tapia Gerardo C Palacios-saucedo Anthony Gutiérrez-rodríguez Manuel Enrique de-la-O-cavazos department of Pediatrics Hospital Universitario“Dr.JoséEleuterio González”Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico department of Pediatric surgery Hospital Universitario"Dr.JoséEleuterio González"Monterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico

BACKGroUND Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborns,with very-low-birthweight infants usually experiencing several *** milk is considered the gold standard of nutrition,especially for preterm infants with delayed gut colonization,because it contains beneficial microorganisms,such as Lactobacilli and *** To analyze the gut microbiota of breastfed preterm infants with a birth weight of 1500 g or *** An observational study was performed on preterm infants with up to 36.6 wk of gestation and a birth weight of 1500 g or less,born at the University Hospital ***éEleuterio González at Monterrey,Mexico.A total of 40 preterm neonates were classified into breast milk feeding(BM)and mixed feeding(MF)groups(21 in the BM group and 19 in the MF group),from October 2017 to June *** samples were collected before they were introduced to any feeding *** full enteral feeding was achieved,the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16s rrNA gene *** variables were compared using student’s t-test or using the Mann–Whitney U test for nonparametric ***,evenness,equitability,Margalef’s index,Fisher’s alpha,Chao-1 index,and shannon’s diversity index were also *** No significant differences were observed at the genus level between the *** comparison indicated higher counts of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the initial compared to the final sample of the BM group(Pr counts of Gammaproteobacteria were detected in the final than in the initial sample(P=0.040).According to the Margalef index,Fisher’s alpha,and Chao-1 index,a decrease in species richness from the initial to the final sample,regardless of the feeding type,was observed(Pfour predominant phyla were Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria,with Proteobacteria being the most ***,no significant differences were

关键词： Gut microbiota Human milk Preterm infant Proteobacteria Very low birth weight 16s rrNA

Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 783-794页

作者： Alan r.Bowman Alvaro rodríguez Echarri Fatemeh Kiani Fadil Iyikanat Ted V.Tsoulos Joel D.Cox ravishankar sundararaman F.Javier García de Abajo Giulia Tagliabue Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies(LNET) STIÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland ICfo–Institut de Ciencies fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyCastelldefels(Barcelona)Spain. MBI–Max-Born-Institut BerlinGermany. POLIMA–Center for Polariton-driven Light–Matter Interactions University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. Danish Institute for Advanced study University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. department of Materials science&Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. department of Physics Applied Physicsand AstronomyRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. ICrEA–Institucio catalana de recerca i Estudis Avancats BarcelonaSpain

Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals,including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy ***,being weak in nature,metal luminescence remains poorly understood,its microscopic origin strongly debated,and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely ***,we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold ***,we present experimental evidence,supported by first-principles simulations,to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin(i.e.,radiative emission from electron/hole recombination)when exciting in the interband *** model allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is ***,such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness,associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the Fermi *** qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles modeling,thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this *** study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.

关键词： luminescence quantum crystalline