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Characterization of atmospheric aerosol (PM10 and PM2.5) from a medium sized city in S?o Paulo state,Brazil

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 238-251页

作者： Bruno T.Franzin Filipe C.Guizellini Diego V.de Babos Ossamu Hojo Ieda Ap.Pastre Mary R.R.Marchi fernando l.fertonani Cristina M.R.R.Oliveira Sao Paulo State University(Unesp) Chemistry InstituteAnalytical Chemistry DepartmentAraraquaraSP14800-060Brazil Federal University of Sao Carlos-UFSCAr Chemistry DepartmentSao CarlosSP13565-905Brazil Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Department BiosciencesLanguages and Exact Sciences InstituteIbilceSaoPaulo State University(Unesp)Sao Jose do Rio PretoSP15054-000Brazil Centro de Quimica Estrutural-Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de lisboa Edif.C8Campo Grande1749-016 LisboaPortugal

Air pollution causes deleterious effects on human health with aerosols being among the most polluting *** objective of this work is the characterization of the PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol mass in the *** methods of analysis include WD-XRF and *** were correlated with meteorological information and air mass trajectories(model HYSPlIT)by multivariate analysis.A morphological structural analysis was also carried out to identify the probable sources of atmospheric aerosols in the city of Sao Jose do Rio Preto,*** mean mass concentration values obtained were 24.54 μg/m^3 for PM10,above the WHO annual standard value of 20 μg/m^3 and 10.88 μg/m^3 for PM2.5 whose WHO recommended limit is10 μg/m^***-XRF analysis of the samples revealed Si and Al as major components of the coarse *** the fine fraction,the major elements were Al and *** SEM-FEG characterization allowed identifying the morphology of the particles in agglomerates,ellipsoids and filaments in the PM10,besides spherical in the *** analysis by EDS corroborated WD-XRF results,identifying the crustal elements,aluminosilicates and elements of anthropogenic origin in the coarse *** the fine fraction crustal elements were also identified;aluminosilicates,black carbon and spherical particles(C and O) originating from combustion processes were *** use of multivariate analysis to correlate air mass trajectories with the results of the morpho-structural characterization of the particulate matter allowed confirmation of the complex composition of the particles resulting from the combination of both local and long-distance sources.

关键词： Urban aerosol PM10 PM2.5 WD-XRF SEM-EDS

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Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies:a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 289-295页

作者： Dina Medina-Vera Antonio Jesús lópez-Gambero Juan Antonio Navarro Carlos Sanjuan Elena Baixeras Juan Decara fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND UGC Salud MentalMálagaSpain Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de MálagaMálagaSpain CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares(CIBERCV) Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUGC del CorazónMálagaSpain University of Bordeaux INSERMNeurocentre MagendieBordeauxFrance Euronutra S.l.Calle Johannes Kepler MálagaSpain Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s *** pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is mainly mediated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau *** the multiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation,brain insulin resistance has generated much attention,and inositols as insulin sensitizers,are currently considered candidates for drug *** present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elements:Alzheimer’s disease-tau-inositols,which can eventually identify targets for new disease modifiers capable of bringing hope to the millions of people affected by this devastating disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cyclin-dependent kinase 5 diabetes D-Pinitol inositols insulin resistance kinases phosphorylation PI3K/Akt tau

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Measurement of cryoelectronics heating using a local quantum dot thermometer in silicon

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 1-7页

作者： Mathieu de Kruijf Grayson M.Noah Alberto Gomez-Saiz John J.l.Morton M.fernando Gonzalez-Zalba Quantum Motion 9 Sterling WayLondon N79HJUnited Kingdom london Centre for Nanotechnology University College London17-19 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AHUnited Kingdom

Silicon technology offers the enticing opportunity for monolithic integration of quantum and classical electronic ***,the power consumption levels of classical electronics may compromise the local chip temperature and hence affect the fidelity of qubit *** the current work,a quantum-dot-based thermometer embedded in an industry-standard silicon fieldeffect transistor(FET)was adopted to assess the local temperature increase produced by an active FET placed in close *** impact of both static and dynamic operation regimes was thoroughly *** the FET was operated statically,a power budget of 45 nW at 100-nm separation was found,whereas at 216μm,the power budget was raised to 150μ*** temperature increase for the switch frequencies tested up to 10 MHz was observed when operating *** current work introduced a method to accurately map out the available power budget at a distance from a solid-state quantum processor,and indicated the possible conditions under which cryoelectronics circuits may allow the operation of hybrid quantum-classical systems.

关键词： Quantum dot Cryogenic electronics Thermometry Spin qubit Heat management

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Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel Canellas fernando Montes Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Rosana lópez Guillermo G.Gordaliza María Valbuena-Carabana Nikos Nanos Ramón Perea luis Gil Departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain School of Forestry and Natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central Spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,Sorbus aucuparia,Sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with contrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after canopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics continue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-centennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： Forest succession Secondary forest Woodland Mixed forest Competition Recruitment

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Management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer:Is it time to reach an Agreement?

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 472-477页

作者： Sigfredo E Romero-Zoghbi fernando lópez-Campos Felipe Couñago Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCareTalavera de la Reina 45600ToledoSpain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Ramón Y CajalMadrid 28034Spain Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare-Hospital Universitario Vithas Madrid La MilagrosaMadrid 28010Spain

In this editorial,we proceed to comment on the article by Chua et al,addressing the management of metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes(mllN)in stage II/III rectal cancer patients below the peritoneal *** treatment of this nodal area sparks significant controversy due to the strategic differences followed by Eastern and Western physicians,albeit with a higher degree of convergence in recent *** dissection of lateral pelvic lymph nodes without neoadjuvant therapy is a standard practice in Eastern *** contrast,in the West,preference leans towards opting for neoadjuvant therapy with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy,that would cover the treatment of this area without the need to add the dissection of these nodes to the total mesorectal *** the presence of high-risk nodal characteristics for mllN related to radiological imaging and lack of response to neoadjuvant therapy,the risk of lateral local recurrence increases,suggesting the appropriate selection of strategies to reduce the risk of recurrence in each patient *** the heterogeneous and retrospective nature of studies addressing this area,an international consensus is necessary to approach this clinical scenario uniformly.

关键词： Rectal cancer lateral pelvic lymph node metastases Pelvic lymph node dissection Total neoadjuvant therapy Selective management of the lateral pelvic nodes Prophylactic management of the lateral pelvic nodes Chemoradiotherapy Total mesorectal excision

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Neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer: Where we are and where we are going

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第7期15卷 790-795页

作者： Elísabet González Del Portillo Felipe Couñago fernando lópez-Campos Department of Radiation Oncología Hospital Universitario La PazMadrid 28046Spain Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare MadridMadrid 28010Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Ramón Y CajalMadrid 28034Spain

locally advanced rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach based on total neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy(RT)and chemotherapy(ChT),followed by deferred ***,alternatives to the standard total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT)are being explored,such as new ChT regimens or the introduction of *** standard TNT,up to a third of patients may achieve a complete pathological response(CPR),potentially avoiding ***,as of now,we lack predictive markers of response that would allow us to define criteria for a conservative organ *** presence of muta-tions,genes,or new imaging tests is helping to define these *** example of this is the diffusion coefficient in the diffusion-weighted sequence of magnetic resonance imaging and the integration of this imaging technique into RT *** allows for the monitoring of the evolution of this coefficient over successive RT sessions,helping to determine which patients will achieve CPR or those who may require intensification of neoadjuvant therapy.

关键词： locally advanced rectal cancer Total neoadyuvant treatment Radiotherapy Biomarker Magnetic resonance imaging Conservative organ strategy Watch and wait

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A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 33-40页

作者： Diana Marcela Cuesta Parra Felipe Correa Mahecha Andrés Felipe Rubio Pinzon Davidcamilo Ramirez Bustos leonel Alveyro Teran llorente Miguel fernando Jimenez Jimenez Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Chemical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Mecanical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia

Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach *** studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 1o *** study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-l prototype and identified the optimal operating *** were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm^(2) at the laboratory scale and 1865.0 cm^(2) at the prototype scale.A design for experiments with different operating times,chloride concentrations,and electric current intensities was *** optimal operating time,sodium chloride concentration,and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min,150 g of chloride per liter,and 3 A,respectively,leading to the production of 5.02 g/l of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of Cl_(2) per *** the prototype scale,the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min,a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter,and a current intensity of 70 A,reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of Cl_(2) per *** addition,this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration,current intensity,and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales,and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical *** 22-l prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.

关键词： Disinfection Electrolysis Energy efficiency Optimization Sodium hypochlorite

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On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs Pál Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic N-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of *** events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic *** of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto *** are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback *** as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological *** is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network *** events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic *** synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic *** addition,slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory *** note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward *** greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological *** inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural *** inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal *** events are related to epilepsy,but also found in Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive *** with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,N-methyl-Dasp

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gliotransmission glutamate neural synchronization NMDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

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On calculating glacial isostatic adjustment

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.M.Cathles Cornell University IthacaNY 14853USA

Modeling the earth's fluid and elastic response to the melting of the glaciers of the last ice age is the most direct way to infer the earth's radial viscosity ***,we compare two methods for calculating the viscoelastic response to surface *** one,the elastic equation of motion is converted to a viscoelastic equation using the Correspondence *** the other,elastic deformation is added to the viscous flow as isostatic adjustment *** two modeling methods predict adjustment histories that are different enough to potentially impact the interpretation of the observed glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).The differences arise from buoyancy and whether fluid displacements are subjected to hydrostatic *** methods agree if they use the same equations and boundary *** origin of the differences is determined by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress application.

关键词： Glacial isostatic adjustment Viscoelastic normal modes Hydrostatic pre-stress Elastic buoyancy Correspondence principle

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Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.Y.Morassuti A.P.l Silva l.A.O.Nunes S.M.lima l.H.C.Andrade Optical and Photothermal Spectroscopy Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics of São Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)emission,which has been little explored in the ***,the present work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the Nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Optical thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

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