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Feeding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of birds(Buphagus spp.)in Namibia

Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Michael S.Lukubwe Daniel Velarde-Garcéz fernando sequeira Susana Lopes Adrian J.F.K.Craig Vanessa A.Mata Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa Department of Wildlife Management and Tourism Studies University of NamibiaKatima Mulilo CampusNamibia Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Africa,oxpeckers offer a unique model for studying symbiotic *** to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit,the type of symbiotic relationship can be *** addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks,oxpeckers frequently feed on blood,mucus,and saliva,inflicting potential damage on the ***,we used DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples to analyze the taxonomic composition of the trophic interactions of the Yellow-billed Oxpecker(Buphagus africanus)and Red-billed Oxpecker(***)in northeastern *** contrast to conventional methods,DNA metabarcoding allows for a detailed identification of dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same *** this information,we examined differences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities,as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod *** findings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet from mammals,ticks,and flies;however,ticks and flies rarely co-occur in the diet of an *** observed variability among individuals in their feeding ecology,which is strongly correlated with locality and,to a lesser extent,with the mammal *** noted a high degree of mobility between hosts within relatively short periods,with 32%of the samples showing traces of at least two mammal *** study illustrates the dynamic foraging behavior of these specialized symbiotic birds,shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

关键词： Commensalism Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeckers Parasitism Trophic ecology

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Unveiling the brain’s symphony:exploring the necessity and sufficiency of neural networks in behavior control

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 186-187页

作者： fernando Jose Bustos Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile Millennium Nucleus of Neuroepigenetics and Plasticity(EpiNeuro) SantiagoChile

Since the pioneering work by Broca and Wernicke in the 19th century,who examined individuals with brain lesions to associate them with specific behaviors,it was evident that behaviors are complex and cannot be fully attributable to specific brain areas ***,they involve connectivity among brain areas,whether close or *** that time,this approach was considered the optimal way to dissect brain circuitry and *** pioneering efforts opened the field to explore the necessity or sufficiency of brain areas in controlling behavior and hence dissecting brain ***,the connectivity of the brain and the mechanisms through which various brain regions regulate specific behaviors,either individually or collaboratively,remain largely *** animal models,researchers have endeavored to unravel the necessity or sufficiency of specific brain areas in influencing behavior;however,no clear associations have been firmly established.

关键词： behavior connectivity neural

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Higher doses of ascorbic acid may have the potential to promote nutrient delivery via intestinal paracellular absorption

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第40期27卷 6750-6756页

作者： Ivana Roosevelt sequeira Human Nutrition Unit School of Biological ScienceUniversity of AucklandAuckland 1024New Zealand

The significance of plasma ascorbic acid(AA)is underscored by its enzymatic and antioxidant properties as well as involvement in many aspects of health including the synthesis of biomolecules during acute illness,trauma and chronic health *** intake supports maintenance of optimal levels with supplementation at higher doses more likely *** increased intestinal paracellular permeability following high dose AA may be utilised to enhance delivery of other micronutrients across the intestinal *** potential mechanism following dietary intake however needs further study but may provide an avenue to increase small intestinal nutrient co transport and absorption,including in acute and chronic illness.

关键词： Aspirin Ascorbic acid Paracellular permeability Antioxidant Lactulose mannitol test

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The~1.4 GaA-type granitoids in the“Chottanagpur crustal block”(India),and its relocation from Columbia to Rodinia?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 405-429页

作者： Nicole sequeira Abhijit Bhattacharya Elizabeth Bell Department of Geology and Geophysics Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Department of Earth Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of California595 Charles Young Drive EastLos AngelesCA 90095-1567USA School of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesGoa UniversityTaleigaoGoa 403516India

In paleogeographic reconstructions of the Columbia and Rodinia Supercontinents,the position of the Greater India landmass is ***,coupled with a limited understanding of the tectonic evolution of the mobile belts along which the mosaic of crustal domains in India accreted,impedes precise correlation among the dispersed crustal fragments in supercontinent *** structural,metamorphic phase equilibria,chronological and geochemical investigations,this study aims to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex(CGC)as a distinct crustal block at the eastern end of the Greater Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt(GIPFOB)along which the North India Block(NIB)and the South India Block(SIB)*** study focuses on two issues,*** the Early Neoproterozoic(0.92 Ga)accretion of the CGC with the NIB contemporaneous with the assembly of Rodinia,and documenting the widespread(>24,000 km^(2))plutonism of1.5-1.4 Ga weakly peraluminous,calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic and ferroan A-type granitoids(±garnet)devoid of mafic microgrannular enclaves and coeval mafic emplacements in the crustal *** dominantly within-plate granitoids arguably formed by asthenospheric upwelling induced partial melting of garnetbearing anatectic quartzofeldspathic gneisses that dominate the Early Mesoproterozoic basement of the *** major and trace element chemistry of the granitoids is similar to the 1.35-1.45 Ga A-type granitoids in Laurentia/Amazonia emplaced contemporaneous with the 1.5-1.3 Ga breakup of the Columbia *** study suggests the Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex occured as a fragmented crustal block following the breakup of the Columbia Supercontinent;the crustal block was subsequently integrated within India during the Early Neoproterozoic oblique accretion between the NIB and SIB contemporaneous with the Rodinia Supercontinent assembly.

关键词： Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex Rodinia accretion Columbia Supercontinent break up Mid-Mesoproterozoic ferroan A-type granitoids

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A MIXED VIRTUAL ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE BOUSSINESQ PROBLEM ON POLYGONAL MESHES

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第3期39卷 392-427页

作者： Gabriel N.Gatica Mauricio Munar Filander A.sequeira CI^2 MA and Departamento de Ingenieria Matemitica Universidad de ConcepcionCasilla 160-CConcepcionChile Escuela de Matemaitica Universidad NacionalCampus Omar DengoHerediaCosta Rica

In this work we introduce and analyze a mixed virtual element method(mixed-VEM)for the two-dimensional stationary Boussinesq *** continuous formulation is based on the introduction of a pseudostress tensor depending nonlinearly on the velocity,which allows to obtain an equivalent model in which the main unknowns are given by the aforementioned pseudostress tensor,the velocity and the temperature,whereas the pressure is computed via a postprocessing *** addition,an augmented approach together with a fixed point strategy is used to analyze the well-posedness of the resulting continuous *** the discrete problem,we follow the approach employed in a previous work dealing with the Navier-Stokes equations,and couple it with a VEM for the convection-diffusion equation modelling the *** precisely,we use a mixed-VEM for the scheme associated with the fluid equations in such a way that the pseudostress and the velocity are approximated on virtual element subspaces of H(div)and H^(1),respectively,whereas a VEM is proposed to approximate the temperature on a virtual element subspace of H^(1).In this way,we make use of the L^(2)-orthogonal projectors onto suitable polynomial spaces,which allows the explicit integration of the terms that appear in the bilinear and trilinear forms involved in the scheme for the fluid *** the other hand,in order to manipulate the bilinear form associated to the heat equations,we define a suitable projector onto a space of polynomials to deal with the fact that the diffusion tensor,which represents the thermal conductivity,is ***,the corresponding solvability analysis is performed using again appropriate fixed-point ***,Strang-type estimates are applied to derive the a priori error estimates for the components of the virtual element solution as well as for the fully computable projections of them and the postprocessed *** corresponding rates of convergence are als

关键词： Boussinesq problem Pseudostress-based formulation Augmented formulation Mixed virtual element method.High-order approximations

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Surface Soil Properties Influence Carbon Oxide Pulses After Precipitation Events in a Semiarid Vineyard Under Conventional Tillage and Cover Crops

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 499-509页

作者： fernando PEREGRINA CSIC-CAR-UR Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino(ICVV)

In semiarid regions of the Mediterranean basin, a rainfall event can induce a respiratory pulse that releases a large amount of soil carbon dioxide （CO2） into the atmosphere; this pulse can significantly contribute to the annual ecosystem carbon （C） balance. The impacts of conventional tillage and two different cover crops, resident vegetation and Bromus catharticus L., on soil CO2 effiux were evaluated in a Vitis vinifera L. vineyard in La Rioja, Spain. Soil CO2 efflux, gravimetric water content, and temperature were monitored at a depth of 0-5 cm after rainfall precipitation events approximately every 10 d in the period from May 17 to July 27, 2012, during which the cover crops had withered. Additionally, on June 10, 2012, soil organic C, microbial biomass C, and I^-glucosidase activity were determined at soil depths of 0-2.5, 2.5-5, 5-15, and 15-25 cm. The results show that pulses of soil CO2 were related to the increase in soil water content following precipitation events. Compared to the conventional tillage treatment, both cover crop treatments had higher soil CO2 efflux after precipitation events. Both cover crop treatments had higher soil organic C, microbial biomass C, and β-glucosidase activity at the soil surface （0-2.5 cm） than the conventional tillage treatment. Each pulse of CO2 was related to the surface soil properties. Thus, this study suggests that the enhancement of soil organic C and microbiological properties at the soil surface under cover crops may increase soil CO2 efflux relative to conventional tillage immediately after precipitation events during the dry season.

关键词： microbial biomass C β-glucosidase activity soil CO2 effiux soil water content soil temperature

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Dinophysoid dinoflagellates from subphotic depths:Amphisolenia ***,Dinofurcula tricornuta ***.,and Dinophysis profunda ***.(Dinophysales,Dinophyceae)

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第2期40卷 703-711页

作者： fernando GÓMEZ Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of SalentoLecce 73100Italy

Three species of dinophysoid planktonic dinoflagellates are described from the eastern Mediterranean *** *** was collected at 70-m depth in the Ionian *** small species showed a more asymmetric midbody and a proportionally longer neck when compared to the closer relative *** individuals of Dinofurcula tricornuta *** at 154-m depth in the Marmara Sea are characterized by three posterior-oriented processes when compared to its congeneric *** is the first record of the genus Dinofurcula beyond the eastern tropical Pacific *** profunda *** at 500-m depth in the Ionian Sea is characterized by ovate hypotheca and a serrate crest-like left sulcal list when compared to its close relative *** findings evidence an undescribed biodiversity in the under-sampled subphotic depths.

关键词： deep ocean Dinophyta Dinoflagellata Mediterranean Sea mesopelagic new species

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Integrating VGI and 2D hydraulic models into a data assimilation framework for real time flood forecasting and mapping

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2019年第4期22卷 223-236,I0001页

作者： Antonio Annis fernando Nardi Water Resources Research and Documentation Centre(WARREDOC) University for Foreigners of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(DICEA) University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Institute of Water and Environment(InWE) Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Crowdsourced data can effectively observe environmental and urban ecosystem *** use of data produced by untrained people into flood forecasting models may effectively allow Early Warning Systems(EWS)to better perform while support decision-making to reduce the fatalities and economic losses due to inundation *** this work,we develop a Data Assimilation(DA)method integrating Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI)and a 2D hydraulic model and we test its *** proposed framework seeks to extend the capabilities and performances of standard DA works,based on the use of traditional in situ sensors,by assimilating VGI while managing and taking into account the uncertainties related to the quality,and the location and timing of the entire set of observational *** November 2012 flood in the Italian Tiber River basin was selected as the case *** show improvements of the model in terms of uncertainty with a significant persistence of the model updating after the integration of the VGI,even in the case of use of few-selected observations gathered from social *** will encourage further research in the use of VGI for EWS considering the exponential increase of quality and quantity of smartphone and social media user worldwide.

关键词： Crowdsourced data VGI data assimilation(DA) flood forecasting 2D hydraulic modelling

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Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 58-65页

作者： fernando Villarreal Cheemeng Tan Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis Davis One Shields Avenue CA 95616 USA

The advent of synthetic biology has ushered in new applications of cell-free transcription-translation systems. These cell-free systems are reconstituted using cellular proteins, and are amenable to modular control of their composition. Here, we discuss the historical advance- ment of cell-free systems, as well as their new applications in the rapid design of synthetic genetic circuits and components, directed evolution ofbiomolecules, diagnosis of infectious diseases, and synthesis of vaccines. Finally, we present our vision on the future direction of cell-free synthetic biology.

关键词： cell-free system application

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DBSTC:an effective method for discovering cluster features with different spatiotemporal densities

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第6期11卷 609-634页

作者： Zhenhong Du Yuhua Gu Chuanrong Zhang Feng Zhang Renyi Liu Jean sequeira Geographic Information Science Institution School of Earth SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Geography and Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Computer Science Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Information et des Systemes(LSIS)Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseilleFrance

Spatiotemporal clustering is one of the most advanced research topics in geospatial data *** has been challenging to discover cluster features with different spatiotemporal densities in geographic information data *** paper presents an effective density-based spatiotemporal clustering algorithm(DBSTC).First,we propose a method to measure the degree of similarity of a core point to the geometric center of its spatiotemporal reachable neighborhood,which can effectively solve the isolated noise point misclassification problem that exists in the shared nearest neighbor ***,we propose an ordered reachable time window distribution algorithm to calculate the reachable time window for each spatiotemporal point in the data set to solve the problem of different clusters with different temporal *** effectiveness and advantages of the DBSTC algorithm are demonstrated in several simulated data *** addition,practical applications to seismic data sets demonstrate the capability of the DBSTC algorithm to uncover clusters of foreshocks and aftershocks and help to improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of dynamic spatiotemporal processes in digital earth.

关键词： Data mining spatiotemporal clustering density-based clustering ordered reachable time window distribution shared nearest neighbor

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