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Unveiling the brain’s symphony:exploring the necessity and sufficiency of neural networks in behavior control

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 186-187页

作者： fernando Jose Bustos Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile Millennium Nucleus of Neuroepigenetics and Plasticity(EpiNeuro) SantiagoChile

Since the pioneering work by Broca and Wernicke in the 19th century,who examined individuals with brain lesions to associate them with specific behaviors,it was evident that behaviors are complex and cannot be fully attributable to specific brain areas ***,they involve connectivity among brain areas,whether close or *** that time,this approach was considered the optimal way to dissect brain circuitry and *** pioneering efforts opened the field to explore the necessity or sufficiency of brain areas in controlling behavior and hence dissecting brain ***,the connectivity of the brain and the mechanisms through which various brain regions regulate specific behaviors,either individually or collaboratively,remain largely *** animal models,researchers have endeavored to unravel the necessity or sufficiency of specific brain areas in influencing behavior;however,no clear associations have been firmly established.

关键词： behavior connectivity neural

Finite Size Effects in the Dynamics of Opinion Formation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2007年第2期2卷 177-195页

作者： Raul toral Claudio J.Tessone Instituto Mediterr´aneo de Estudios Avanzados(IMEDEA) CSIC-UIBEd.Mateu OrfilaCampus UIBE-07122 Palma de MallorcaSpain.

For some models of relevance in the social sciences we review some exam-ples in which system size plays an important role in the final outcome of the *** discuss the conditions under which changes of behavior can appear only when the number of agents in the model takes a finite *** changes of behavior can be related to the apparent phase transitions that appear in some physical *** show examples in the Galam's model of opinion transmission and the Axelrod's model of culture formation stressing the role that the network of interactions has on the main results of both ***,we present the phenomenon of system-size stochastic resonance by which a forcing signal(identified as an advertising agent)is optimally amplified by a population of the right(intermediate)*** work stresses the role that the system size has in the dynamics of social systems and the inappropriateness of taking the thermodynamic limit for these systems.

关键词： Dynamics of social systems finite size effects scaling laws.

Mapping paddy rice with multi-date moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in China

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第10期10卷 1509-1522页

作者： Hua-sheng SUN Jing-feng HUANG Alfredo R. huete Dai-liang PENG Feng ZHANG Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and lnformation Application Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Key Lab of Agricultural Remote Sensing and lnformation System Hangzhou 310029 China MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Department of Soil Water and Environmental Science University of Arizona Tucson AZ85721 USA Resources and Environment Department Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumchi 830052 China College of Surveying and Mapping Xuzhou Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China

The objective of this study was to obtain spatial distribution maps of paddy rice fields using multi-date moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS) data in *** rice fields were extracted by identifying the unique char-acteristic of high soil moisture in the flooding and transplanting period with improved algorithms based on rice growth calendar *** characteristic could be reflected by the enhanced vegetation index(EVI) and the land surface water index(LSWI) derived from MODIS sensor *** for single,early,and late rice identification were obtained from selected typical test *** algorithms could not only separate early rice and late rice planted in the same fields,but also reduce the *** areal accuracy of the MODIS-derived results was validated by comparison with agricultural statistics,and the spatial matching was examined by ETM+(enhanced thematic mapper plus) images in a test *** factors that might cause errors,such as the coarse spatial resolution and noises in the MODIS data,were *** not suitable for monitoring the inter-annual variations due to some inevitable factors,the MODIS-derived results were useful for obtaining spatial distribution maps of paddy rice on a large scale,and they might provide reference for further studies.

关键词： Remote sensing Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) Land surface water index (LSWI) Paddy rice China

Surface Soil Properties Influence Carbon Oxide Pulses After Precipitation Events in a Semiarid Vineyard Under Conventional Tillage and Cover Crops

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 499-509页

作者： fernando PEREGRINA CSIC-CAR-UR Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino(ICVV)

In semiarid regions of the Mediterranean basin, a rainfall event can induce a respiratory pulse that releases a large amount of soil carbon dioxide （CO2） into the atmosphere; this pulse can significantly contribute to the annual ecosystem carbon （C） balance. The impacts of conventional tillage and two different cover crops, resident vegetation and Bromus catharticus L., on soil CO2 effiux were evaluated in a Vitis vinifera L. vineyard in La Rioja, Spain. Soil CO2 efflux, gravimetric water content, and temperature were monitored at a depth of 0-5 cm after rainfall precipitation events approximately every 10 d in the period from May 17 to July 27, 2012, during which the cover crops had withered. Additionally, on June 10, 2012, soil organic C, microbial biomass C, and I^-glucosidase activity were determined at soil depths of 0-2.5, 2.5-5, 5-15, and 15-25 cm. The results show that pulses of soil CO2 were related to the increase in soil water content following precipitation events. Compared to the conventional tillage treatment, both cover crop treatments had higher soil CO2 efflux after precipitation events. Both cover crop treatments had higher soil organic C, microbial biomass C, and β-glucosidase activity at the soil surface （0-2.5 cm） than the conventional tillage treatment. Each pulse of CO2 was related to the surface soil properties. Thus, this study suggests that the enhancement of soil organic C and microbiological properties at the soil surface under cover crops may increase soil CO2 efflux relative to conventional tillage immediately after precipitation events during the dry season.

关键词： microbial biomass C β-glucosidase activity soil CO2 effiux soil water content soil temperature

Dinophysoid dinoflagellates from subphotic depths:Amphisolenia ***,Dinofurcula tricornuta ***.,and Dinophysis profunda ***.(Dinophysales,Dinophyceae)

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第2期40卷 703-711页

作者： fernando GÓMEZ Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of SalentoLecce 73100Italy

Three species of dinophysoid planktonic dinoflagellates are described from the eastern Mediterranean *** *** was collected at 70-m depth in the Ionian *** small species showed a more asymmetric midbody and a proportionally longer neck when compared to the closer relative *** individuals of Dinofurcula tricornuta *** at 154-m depth in the Marmara Sea are characterized by three posterior-oriented processes when compared to its congeneric *** is the first record of the genus Dinofurcula beyond the eastern tropical Pacific *** profunda *** at 500-m depth in the Ionian Sea is characterized by ovate hypotheca and a serrate crest-like left sulcal list when compared to its close relative *** findings evidence an undescribed biodiversity in the under-sampled subphotic depths.

关键词： deep ocean Dinophyta Dinoflagellata Mediterranean Sea mesopelagic new species

Integrating VGI and 2D hydraulic models into a data assimilation framework for real time flood forecasting and mapping

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2019年第4期22卷 223-236,I0001页

作者： Antonio Annis fernando Nardi Water Resources Research and Documentation Centre(WARREDOC) University for Foreigners of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(DICEA) University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Institute of Water and Environment(InWE) Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Crowdsourced data can effectively observe environmental and urban ecosystem *** use of data produced by untrained people into flood forecasting models may effectively allow Early Warning Systems(EWS)to better perform while support decision-making to reduce the fatalities and economic losses due to inundation *** this work,we develop a Data Assimilation(DA)method integrating Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI)and a 2D hydraulic model and we test its *** proposed framework seeks to extend the capabilities and performances of standard DA works,based on the use of traditional in situ sensors,by assimilating VGI while managing and taking into account the uncertainties related to the quality,and the location and timing of the entire set of observational *** November 2012 flood in the Italian Tiber River basin was selected as the case *** show improvements of the model in terms of uncertainty with a significant persistence of the model updating after the integration of the VGI,even in the case of use of few-selected observations gathered from social *** will encourage further research in the use of VGI for EWS considering the exponential increase of quality and quantity of smartphone and social media user worldwide.

关键词： Crowdsourced data VGI data assimilation(DA) flood forecasting 2D hydraulic modelling

Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 58-65页

作者： fernando Villarreal Cheemeng Tan Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis Davis One Shields Avenue CA 95616 USA

The advent of synthetic biology has ushered in new applications of cell-free transcription-translation systems. These cell-free systems are reconstituted using cellular proteins, and are amenable to modular control of their composition. Here, we discuss the historical advance- ment of cell-free systems, as well as their new applications in the rapid design of synthetic genetic circuits and components, directed evolution ofbiomolecules, diagnosis of infectious diseases, and synthesis of vaccines. Finally, we present our vision on the future direction of cell-free synthetic biology.

关键词： cell-free system application

Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease:Do they influence treatment and outcome?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第22期17卷 2702-2707页

作者： fernando Tavarela Veloso Department of Gastroenterology Hospital S. Joao Faculdade de Medicina Al. Prof. Hernani Monteiro 4200-319 Porto Portugal

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases that often involve organs other than those of the gastrointestinal tract. Immune-related extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are usually related to disease activity, but sometimes may take an independent course. Globally, about one third of patients develop these systemic manifestations. Phenotypic classification shows that certain subsets of patients are more susceptible to developing EIMs, which frequently occur simultaneously in the same patient overlapping joints, skin, mouth, and eyes. The clinical spectrum of these manifestations varies from mild transitory to very severe lesions, sometimes more incapacitating than the intestinal disease itself. The great majority of these EIMs accompany the activity of intestinal disease and patients run a higher risk of a severe clinical course. For most of the inflammatory EIMs, the primary therapeutic target remains the bowel. Early aggressive therapy can minimize severe complications and maintenance treatment has the potential to prevent some devastating consequences.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immune-related extraintestinal manifestations Treatment

Morphology and distribution of Pronoctiluca (Dinoflagellata, incertae sedis) in the Pacific Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第4期32卷 71-76页

作者： GóMEZ fernando Department of Biological Oceanography Institute of Oceanography University of S o Paulo

The diversity and distribution of Pronoctiluca, a marine dinoflagellate of enigmatic systematic position, was studied in the vicinity of the Kuroshio and Oyashio Currents, the Philippines, Celebes, Sulu and South China Seas, western and central equatorial and southeast Pacific Ocean. The abundance of Pronoctiluca was high- er, with a wide vertical distribution, in eutrophic temperate regions, whereas it was nearly absent in surface waters of oligotrophic tropical regions. Most of the specimens corresponded to P. spinifera. Pronoctiluca pelagica, covered by hyaline layers and with no flagella, is considered as an encysted form. The bipartition was only observed in P. acuta-P, spinifera forms, that together with the occurrence of intermediate forms between P. spinifera and P. pelagica suggest that they may correspond to developmental stages of a single species. Pronoctiluca is essential to understanding the evolutionary history of the alveolates.

关键词： Alveolata basal dinoflagellates Dinophyceae heterotrophic flagellate Noctilucales plankton