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Screening of Type 2 Diabetes in the City of Belo Horizonte: Differences between Genders

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第4期6卷 141-149页

作者： Braulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto Katiussia Brito Porto Fabiane de freitas Sales deborah Campos Oliveira Larissa da Silva Pacheco Lídia Christina Guimarães Pereira Talita Santos de Almeida Geiza Francielle Rodrigues de souza Mariana Santos Romualdo Jaqueline Paulino de souza Clara Araújo Veloso Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS) Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte Brasil

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem that carries a high social and economic burden. Its diagnosis is unknown in half of individuals who have the disease. The diagnosis of the risk factors should be done in the beginning, since changes in lifestyle and hyperglycemic correction may delay the appearance of the disease and its complications. In this context, screening has been considered an important tool for an early detection of diabetes in asymptomatic adults. Objective: The objective is to track diabetes in people from BH, comparing genders. Patients and methods: People were interviewed with questions concerning the risk factors associated with the development of diabetes. According to the risk factors present, they were classified as non-diabetic [ND], pre-diabetic [PD] or diabetic [DM]. Statistical analyses were performed considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: 1264 individuals participated (5.5% DM, 6.5% PD, 88.0% ND). When grouped, PD and DM males were more prevalent than PD and DM females. Those in the DM group had higher blood pressure, age, glycaemia, number of past smokers, first-degree relatives with diabetes than either PD or ND. Both males and females in DM and PD groups had a higher waist circumference than did either ND males or females. ND men had a higher intake of fried food and smoked more in the past than ND women. Both ND and PD males had higher blood pressure than women from the same groups. Conclusion: Screening for diabetes is very important for an early diagnosis and to avoid future complications in patients. It’s possible to infer that women are more conscientious when it comes to taking care of themselves than men.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Screening Gender Risk Factors

Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation in Healthy Adult and Elderly Women—Respiratory Muscle Strength Assessment in Adult and Elderly

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Health 2018年第8期10卷 1031-1036页

作者： Maria Clara de souza Pereira Gama Maciel Cássio Daniel Araújo da Silva fernanda Figueiroa Sanchez Jamilly Reboucas demosthenes Marques Pablo Costa Cortez Camila Miriam Suemi Sato Barros do Amaral Naylla Morais de souza Roberta Lins Goncalves Federal University of Amazonas-UFAM ManausBrazil

Measurement of respiratory muscle strength is performed through static measurements of maximal respiratory pressures and is an important tool for determining the existence and prognosis of neuromuscular and pulmonary disorders, such as weakness or fatigue of this musculature. Objectives: To evaluate and compare respiratory muscle strength among healthy adult and elderly women. Methods: A total of 163 healthy women were recruited through convenience sampling at the family centers of the city of Manaus (AM, Brazil), divided into two groups: adult women (age 20 - 59 years) and elderly women (over 60 years of age). The evaluation was performed by Manovacuometry, in order to measure the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP). For statistical analysis we used the Student’s T test, considering significant p value ≤ 0.05. Results: The final sample consisted of 116 adult women and 47 elderly women. The mean age in the group of women between 20 - 59 years was 44.5 ± 12 and the elderly group was 65 ± 6.6. MIP values in adult women were significantly higher when compared to the elderly (−108 ± 5.3 cmH2O × −79.5 ± 4 cmH2O, p = 0.0014, respectively). The same behavior was observed in the evaluation of MEP (87.1 ± 2.9 cmH2O in adults and 69.8 ± 3.5 cmH2O in the elderly;p = 0.0008). Conclusion: The results indicate that inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength is lower in older women, suggesting that the aging process tends to interfere with those muscles, resulting in altered respiratory system function.

关键词： Muscular Strength Evaluation Respiratory Muscles Aging

Effect of heat stress on the maturation,fertilization and development rates of in vitro produced bovine embryos

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2013年第3期3卷 174-178页

作者： Mayra fernanda Alves Roseli Fernandes Goncalves Danielle Labadessa Pavao Eduardo Gimenes Palazzi Flavio souza Roberta Kelly Ribeiro de Queiróz Magali D’Angelo Marcos Antonio de Achilles Cell Biology Laboratory Research and Development Center for Animal HealthSao Paulo Biological InstituteSao PauloBrazil department of Animal Reproduction College of Medicine Veterinary and Animal ScienceSao Paulo UniversitySao PauloBrazil

Heat stress is one of the main reasons for reproductive performance decrease in cattle, resulting in severe economic losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat stress during maturation, fertilization and development of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by follicular puncture from slaughterhouse ovaries and after identification, were divided into four groups: control (CG), exposed 1 (EG1), exposed 2 (EG2), and exposed 3 (EG3). The oocytes of the group CG and CG3 were cultured at 38°C and the oocytes of group EG1 and EG2 were cultured at 40°C during the maturation period (24 hours at 5% CO2 in air). After the maturation period, oocytes of group CG, EG1, EG2, and EG3 were fecundated with frozen thawed semen. The oocytes of CG, EG2 and EG3 groups were cultured at 38°C, and the group EG1 was cultured at 40°C (18 hours at 5% CO2 in air). After that, the CG and EG2 groups were cultured in SOF at 38°C and the groups EG1 and EG3 at 40°C during embryonic development. The embryos were evaluated for cleavage, morula and blastocyst rates by optical microscopy. In control (CG) and EG3 groups, the oocytes showed uniform expansion of cumulus cells, classified as moderate to high, with brown color and uniform appearance of the ooplasm. In the oocytes exposed to 40°C (EG1 and EG2) we observed a decrease in the expansion of cumulus cells, and the same showed rounded appearance and retraction of the ooplasm with dark coloration. The control group (CG) had 68.23% ± 2% of cleavage, 50.16% ± 2% morulas, and 43.28% ± 1% blastocysts. Whereas the EG2 had 31.46% ± 2% cleavage, 35.64% ± 2% morula, and no blastocysts development. The EG3 had 3.7% ± 2% cleavage, and no embryo production. These data suggest that in all stages of exposure to heat stress, the embryos and the gametes are susceptible, leading to a decrease in embryonic development.

关键词： Bovine Embryo Heat Stress in vitro Fertilization

Disentangling spatial,environmental and historical effects on tropical forest tree species turnover

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 717-729页

作者： Alisson Borges Miranda Santos Vinicius Andrade Maia Cleber Rodrigo de souza Nathalle Cristine Alencar Fagundes fernanda Moreira Gianasi Aurelio de Jesus Rodrigues Pais Natalia de Aguiar-Campos Gabriela Gomes Pires Diego Teixeira Girardelli Jean Daniel Morel Mariana Caroline Moreira Morelli Felipe de Carvalho Araujo Rubens Manoel dos Santos department of Forestry Sciences Federal University of LavrasUniversity CampusLavrasBrazil Biological Sciences University of the State of Minas GeraisItuiutaba UnitItuiutabaBrazil department of Biology Federal University of LavrasUniversity CampusLavrasBrazil Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Natural Resources Zambeze UniversityChimoioMozambique

Aims We aimed at disentangling the effects of spatial distance,current and past environmental dissimilarity,and their combinations on tree community taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover by addressing the following questions:(i)Is tree community taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover related to the indirect effects of spatial distance via environmental dissimilarity?(ii)Does tree community taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover respond to paleoclimate(Last Glacial Maximum and Mid-Holocene)?Methods The study was carried out in 14 Atlantic rainforest sites in Brazil(20.4 ha sampled)containing 615 tree species from 83 plant *** obtained plot-level geographic coordinates and soil variables and site-level bioclimatic variables in the current,Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial *** used structural equation models with a distance-based approach to(i)test the direct effects of spatial distance and environmental dissimilarity and(ii)test the indirect effects of spatial distance via environmental dissimilarity on taxonomic(Bray–Curtis distance)and phylogenetic turnover(Comdist and Comdistnt distances).Important Findings Our results suggest a weak indirect effect of spatial distance via environmental dissimilarity on taxonomic and phylogenetic *** community turnover was driven by the direct effects of neutral,niche-based and historical ***,we inferred that the paleoclimate(historical processes)promoted the selection of the clades that gave rise to the current flora,while spatial distances(neutral processes)limited the dispersal range of species from the regional pool and environmental conditions(niche-based processes)locally selected the taxa that are able to persist.

关键词： assembly processes phylogenetic communities environmental filtering neutral communities phylogenetic turnover ecological niche paleoclimate effects

Revealing the kinetics of Leishmania chagasi infection in the male genital system of hamsters

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 261-265页

作者： Amanda P.N.Quintal Bruna C.Borges Paula C.Brígido Rebecca T.Silva Ana F.Notário Marlus A.Santos Maria A.de souza fernanda G.O.Nascimento Antônio V.Mundim Guilherme M.J.Costa André B.Vasconcelos Claudio V.da Silva Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMinas GeraisBrasil Hospital Veterinário Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMinas GeraisBrasil departamento de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil Universidade de Uberaba UberabaMinas GeraisBrasil departamento de Imunologia–Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal de UberlândiaCampus UmuaramaUberlândiaMGBrasil

Background:Leishmaniasis causes alterations and lesions in the genital system,which leads to azoospermia and testicular atrophy in animals during the chronic phase of the *** aim of this study was to reveal the kinetics of Leishmania chagasi infection in the genital system of male golden hamsters(Mesocricetus auratus).Methods:Animals were intraperitoneally inoculated with amastigotes from *** different time points animals were euthanized and genital organs processed for histo-pathological,qPCR,cytokines and testosterone detection ***:Our results showed a high parasite load in testis,followed by an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1-β,TNF-αand IFN-γ,and ***,IL-4 expression was upregulated and basal parasite persistence in testis was observed using the experimental ***:Extracellular amastigotes migrated to the epididymis posing as a potential major factor of parasite persistence and venereal transmission of *** infection in hamsters.

关键词： Leishmania chagasi Extracellular amastigotes Testis Epididymis Immune response Testosterone

Challenges of the Global COVID-19 Pandemic and Invasive Fungal Pathogens in SARS-COV-2 Associations: A Dangerous Relationship

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 1-23页

作者： Alessandra Gomes Mariscal Beatriz fernanda Siqueira Matias Cíntia Batista de Almeida Nadir Cléia Alves de Santana Simone Matos de Campos Roseli de souza Klaucia Rodrigues Vasconcelos Margareth Léa da Silva Maia Cristiane Coimbra de Paula Diniz Pereira Leite Júnior Faculdade EducareMT Cuiab&aacute Brazil Centro Universitá rio de Vá rzea Grande (UNIVAG) V&aacute rzea Grande Brazil Laborató rio Central de Saú de Pú blica do Estado de Mato Grosso (LACEN) Cuiab&aacute Brazil Instituto Ciê ncias Biomé dicas (ICB) Universidade de S&atilde o Paulo (USP) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Laboratory Carlos Chagas Sabin Group Cuiab&aacute Brazil Instituto Adolfo Lutz Center of Parasitology and Micology Micology Nucleus S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Research Laboratory Medical School Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Cuiab&aacute Brazil

Background: COVID-19 is a rapidly transmissible pneumonia-like illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 that out broke in China in 2019 and is currently circulating worldwide. In the current context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, complications are observed in clinical settings for the treatment of severe COVID-19 disease in nosocomial settings, due to cases of fungal co-infections. Objective: To carry out a review on fungal infections associated with respiratory infections caused by COVID-19 (Sars-Cov-2) and their aggravation. Methodology: The purpose of this study is to inform the reader about the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the main fungal species that are affecting patients undergoing treatment for severe COVID-19, provoking discussion of the importance of the proposed topic, in relation to co-infections by different fungal microorganisms. Result: 80 scientific studies were selected, resulting from patients with COVID-19 and most commonly observed in patients with a history of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney disease, severe liver disease, oncological diseases, obesity and with severe COVID-19. These data do not represent the total number of records of the disease in the world, but cases reported by researchers in their series, showing the overlapping of fungal co-infection through the compromised immune status due to the use of therapeutic drugs, dysregulation of the microbiota, age of patients and the severity itself of the severe inflammation caused by COVID-19. Conclusion: The immunosuppression caused by the infection of COVID-19 concomitant with its therapy through corticosteroid therapy and comorbidities of the patients made fungal infections more susceptible, and these interfere in the evolution of the case and in the treatment of COVID-19, being relevant to distinguish secondary infections to therapy and the best possible reconstitution of the clinical picture.

关键词： Fungal Coinfections COVID-19 Coronavirus Systematic Review

The Health Education Program Implemented by Nurses Can Improve Blood Pressure Control and Quality of Life in Hypertensive Patients？

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Journal of Health Science 2018年第5期6卷 365-373页

作者： Guerra, Grazia Maria Lopes, Heno Ferreira freitas, Elizangela de Oliveira Tsunemi, Miriam H. Giorgi, Dante Marcelo Artigas Vieira, Margarida Consolim-Colombo, fernanda M. Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido Hypertension Unit Heart Institute (InCor HC FMUSP) Medical School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SP 05403-000 Brazil Sao Camilo University Centers Sao Paulo SP 05022-000 Brazil Cancer Institute of the State of Sao Paulo (ICESP) Sao Paulo 05403-000 Brazil Biostatistics departament Biosciense Institute UNESP Botucatu SP 18618-689 Brazil Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP) Porto 4169-005 Portugal

The relational strategies in group are to improve patient’s BP （blood pressure） control and QoL （quality of life）. Methods： Twenty-one hypertensive patients were randomized into two groups： group A （10 patients, age 67 ± 6 years, BMI （body mass index） 28.3 ± 6 kg/m2） was applied relational strategies, with meetings every 15 days 8 meetings; group B （11 patients, age 58 ± 13 years, BMI 28.2 ± 3 kg/m2） with meetings for group orientation every 40 days 3 meetings. The patients were monitored： at baseline （day 15） and at the end of the study （day 120）, the BP was measured by auscultatory method and the QoL questionnaire （WHOQOL-BREF） was applied, and was submitted to the examination with ABPM （ambulatory blood pressure monitoring）. Results： after 120 days there was a greater （p 〈 0.05） reduction in SBP （systolic blood pressure） in group A （37.8 ± 25 mmHg） than in group B （18 ± 9 mmHg）, but DBP （diastolic blood pressure） decreased similarly in both groups （A, 15 ± 21 vs B, 13 ± 14 mmHg）; the HR （heart rate） reduction was larger （p 〈 0.05） in group A （60.6 ± 8.9 bpm） than in group B （69.7 ± 10.7 bpm）. There was a more significant BMI decrease （p 〈 0.01） in group A （27.8 ± 5 kg/m2） than in group B （28.9 ± 4 kg/m2）. The observed correlations between physical domain and nightime DBP （at day 120） in ABPM were r = -0.712 （negative correlation, p = 0.003）; between psychological domain and SBP sleep time （at day 120） in ABPM were r = -0.527 （negative correlation, p = 0.044）; between environmental domain and daytime Δ HR in ABPM were r = -0.573 （negative correlation, p = 0.007）. Conclusion： the health education program conducted through interpersonal relationships within groups provided better control of SBP and greater reduction in BMI.

关键词： Hypertension nursing health education adherence therapy

GeoAmazonas—GIS for Water Resources Management

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第5期8卷 558-577页

作者： Leandro Andrei Beser de deus Fábio Giusti Azevedo de Britto Camilla Silva Motta dos Santos Cynara Alets Sthuasth souza de Melo França Claudia Daza Andrade Vera Jane Ruffato Pereira Ferreira Daniel de Berrêdo Viana Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos de freitas Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used essentially for spatial analysis. They can lead to the development of methods for analyzing and planning the use of geographical space and, consequently, are helpful to the decision making process, assisting those responsible for planning the use of a certain territory. This article is a result of the “Project for the Integrated and Sustainable Management of Trans- boundary Hydric Resources of the Amazon Basin considering Variability and Climate Change”, which has the goal of strengthening institutional guidelines in order to plan and execute activities related to the protection of the land, hydric resources and sustainable management of the Amazon Basin, considering the existing impacts of climatic changes. This article aims at analyzing the process of building and implementing the GeoAmazonas GIS as one of the instruments for managing the basin, including its contribution for standardizing different data sources in the entire area of the basin and the identification of conflicts related the use of water resources and vulnerability situations.

关键词： Geographic Information System Amazon Transboundary Basins

Purple Grape Juice,an Important Flavonoids Source,Influence in Biochemical Parameters in Offspring of Wistar Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 683-691页

作者： Daniele Karina Hilger Mariane Farias Wohlenberg Thays Krischke Schaffer fernanda de souza Machado Luciana Kneib Goncalves Gabrielli Bortolato Gabriele Dani Adriana Rodrigues Cláudia Funchal Caroline Dani Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA Porto AlegreBrasil Georgetown University Washington DCUSA Faculdade da Serra Gaúcha Caxias do SulBrasil

Our objective was to evaluate the effect of chronic gestational treatment and post-breast feeding with purple grape juice on the biochemical parameters in offspring of dams. We used 40 male offspring from 14 Wistar rats which received purple grape juice or water by gavage daily for 42 days at a dose of 7 microliters/g. The offspring were divided into groups of water or juice. All received daily purple grape juice or water by gavage for 30 days after completion of their nursing period at a dose of 7 microliters/g. At the end of the treatment period, the offspring were euthanized by decapitation with its truncal blood collected and subsequently separated the serum from the blood. The measurements were performed by automation or by manual dosing. Considering the gestational factor, grape juice was able to reduce levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and not alter the levels of creatinine and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum of the offspring. When considering the post-breast feeding factor, grape juice resulted in an improvement in HDL-C. We concluded that purple grape juice was able to produce a beneficial effect on certain biochemical parameters in offspring.

关键词： Vitis labrusca Biochemical Profile Pregnancy Grape Juice