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Sex-dependent resilience to extreme drought events: implications for climate change adaptation of a South American endangered tree species

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Ecological Processes 2024年第02期13卷 48-60页

作者： Sergio Piraino Martín Ariel Hadad Yanina Antonia Ribas-fernández Fidel Alejandro Roig Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental (IAnIGLA ConICET ) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas áridas (CIGEoBIo ConICET ) Gabinete de Geología Ambiental (INGEO UNSJ) Hémera Centro de observación de la Tierra Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Mayor

Background Recent changes in climatic trends are resulting in an increased frequency and intensity of extreme events, with unknown effect on ecosystem dynamics in the near future. Extreme drought episodes are recognized as disturbance factors capable of modifying forest dynamics and tree growth. Within this context, dioecious tree species may be impacted by climatic extremes, affecting male/female proportions and, consequently, reproductive processes and species persistence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for species-specific assessments of growth tolerance to extreme dry spells in dioecious tree species, to establish effective conservation strategies for these particular natural resources. Araucaria araucana(araucaria), an endangered dioecious Patagonian tree species, has recently undergone decay and mortality episodes in response to increasing dry climatic conditions. While sex-dependent tolerance to extreme drought episodes has been assessed in the species' humid distribution range, there is still a lack of information on the gender-based resilience of trees growing in the drier environments of the species' *** We reconstructed, through dendrochronological methods, the sex-dependent response of 105 araucaria individuals(55 female and 50 male trees) to five regional extreme dry spells employing a set of different indices. Resistance, recovery period, and average growth reduction of standardized tree-ring growth were examined, analysing the effect of biotic(sex, pre-drought stem tree growth) and abiotic(local climatic conditions before, during, and after extreme climatic episodes) factors on tree *** Sex influences only the species resistance to climatic disturbance, with male individuals showing lower tolerance to extreme drought events. Pre-drought radial growth rates and local meteorological conditions preceding, during, and following extreme dry spells strongly modulated araucaria radial growth resilience regardless of tree s

关键词： Araucaria Climate change Dendrochronology Extreme drought event Resilience

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Resilience to structural and molecular changes in excitatory synapses in the hippocampus contributes to cognitive function recovery in Tg2576 mice

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2068-2074页

作者： Carolina Aguado Sara Badesso JoséMartínez-Hernández Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz Miriam fernández Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor Ana García-osta Rafael Luján Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas(IDINE)Department of Medical SciencesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioAlbaceteSpain Gene Therapy for neurological Disease Program Center for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain neuropharmacology and Pain Group Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’InvestigacióBiomèdica de BellvitgeIDIBELLL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain Department of Pathology Anatomy and PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Plaques of amyloid-β(Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,some older adult people with AD pathological hallmarks can retain cognitive *** the factors that lead to this cognitive resilience to AD offers promising prospects for identifying new therapeutic *** hypothesis focuses on the contribution of resilience to changes in excitatory synapses at the structural and molecular levels,which may underlie healthy cognitive performance in aged AD *** the Morris Water Maze test,we selected resilient(asymptomatic)and cognitively impaired aged Tg2576 *** the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed similar levels of Aβ42 in both experimental groups,western blot analysis revealed differences in tau pathology in the pre-synaptic supernatant *** further investigate the density of synapses in the hippocampus of 16-18 month-old Tg2576 mice,we employed stereological and electron microscopic *** findings indicated a decrease in the density of excitatory synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 in cognitively impaired Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,through quantitative immunoelectron microscopy in the hippocampus of impaired and resilient Tg2576 transgenic AD mice,we uncovered differences in the subcellular localization of glutamate ***,the density of GluA1,GluA2/3,and mGlu5 in spines and dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells in impaired Tg2576 mice was significantly reduced compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,the density of GluA2/3 in resilient Tg2576 mice was significantly increased in spines but not in dendritic shafts compared with impaired Tg2576 and non-transgenic *** subcellular findings strongly support the hypothesis that dendritic spine plasticity and synaptic machinery in the hippocampus play cr

关键词： aging Alzheimer´s disease cognitive hippocampus immunoelectron microscopy resilience synapse

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Role of climatic variability in shaping intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in Mediterranean water beetles

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 285-298页

作者： Susana Pallarés David Garoffolo Belén Rodríguez David Sánchez-fernández Department of Zoology University of SevilleSevilleSpain Faculty of Biology Department of Ecology and HydrologyUniversity of MurciaCampus EspinardoMurciaSpain

The climatic variability hypothesis(CVH)predicts that organisms in more thermally variable environments have wider thermal breadths and higher thermal plasticity than those from more stable ***,due to evolutionary trade-offs,taxa with greater absolute thermal limits may have little plasticity of such limits(trade-off hypothesis).The CVH assumes that climatic variability is the ultimate driver of thermal tolerance variation across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients,but average temperature also varies along such *** explored intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in three typical Mediterranean saline water beetles(families Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae).For each species,we compared two populations where the species coexist,with similar annual mean temperature but contrasting thermal variability(continental *** population).We estimated thermal limits of adults from each population,previously acclimated at 17,20,or 25℃.We found species-specific patterns but overall,our results agree with the CVH regarding thermal ranges,which were wider in the continental(more variable)*** the two hydrophilid species,this came at the cost of losing plasticity of the upper thermal limit in this population,supporting the trade-off hypothesis,but not in the dytiscid *** results support the role of local adaptation to thermal variability and trade-offs between basal tolerance and physiological plasticity in shaping thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms,but also suggest that intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance does not fit a general pattern among aquatic *** such intraspecific variation could lead to inaccurate predictions of the vulnerability of aquatic insects to global warming.

关键词： acclimation capacity aquatic insects climate change heat coma temperature supercooling point thermal plasticity

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Tracking the change in Spanish greenhouse gas emissions through an LMDI decomposition model:A global and sectoral approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula fernández González María José Presno Manuel Landajo Department of Applied Economics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reduction of GHG emissions to reverse the greenhouse effect is one of the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two ***,we analyze the evolution of GHG emissions in Spain in 2008–2018,at both the global and sectoral levels,with the variation in emissions decomposed into a set of determining ***,we propose several actions specifically oriented to more tightly controlling the level of *** results showed a remarkable reduction(18.44%)in GHG emissions,mainly due to the intensity effect,but also to the production-per-capita *** detected somewhat different patterns among the various sectors *** the intensity effect was the most influential one in the agricultural,transport,and others sectors,the production-per-capita effect was predominant in the case of *** carbonization effect was revealed as crucial in the commerce *** above findings highlight the importance of the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish economy,also pointing to the need to deepen those strategies and to propose new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** efforts in areas like innovation,R&D,diffusion of more eco-friendly technologies,and a greater use of greener energies all prove to be essential reduction actions to fight the greenhouse effect.

关键词： LMDI Decomposition Spain GHG emissions

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Comparison of Perovskite Systems Based on AFeo_(3)(A=Ce,La,Y)in Co_(2) Hydrogenation to Co

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第4期30卷 337-358页

作者： Anna n.Matveyeva Shamil o.omarov Laboratory of Materials and Processes for Hydrogen Energy Ioff e Institute194021 St.PetersburgRussia

Co_(2) is the most cost-eff ective and abundant carbon resource,while the reverse water-gas reaction(rWGS)is one of the most eff ective methods of Co_(2) *** work presents a comparative study of rWGS activity for perovskite systems based on AFeo_(3)(where A=Ce,La,Y).These systems were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis(SCS)with diff erent ratios of fuel(glycine)and oxidizer(φ),diff erent amounts of nH 4 no_(3),and the addition of alumina or silica as *** techniques,including X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,n 2-physisorption,H_(2) temper-ature-programmed reduction,temperature-programmed desorption of H_(2) and Co_(2),Raman spectroscopy,and in situ FTIR,were used to relate the physicochemical properties with the catalytic performance of the obtained *** specifi c perovskite-containing system(either bulk or supported)has its own optimalφand nH_(4) no_(3) amount to achieve the highest yield and dispersion of the perovskite *** all synthesized systems,bulk SCS-derived La-Fe-o systems showed the highest resistance to reducing environments and the easiest hydrogen desorption,outperforming La-Fe-o produced by solgel combustion(SGC).Co_(2) conversion into Co at 600°C for bulk ferrite systems,depending on the A-cation type and preparation method,follows the order La(SGC)nces in properties between La-Fe-o obtained by the SCS and SGC methods can be attributed to diff erent ratios of oxygen and lanthanum vacancy contributions,hydroxyl coverage,morphology,and free iron oxide *** situ FTIR data revealed that Co_(2) hydrogenation occurs through formates generated under reaction conditions on the bulk system based on La-Fe-o,obtained by the SCS method.γ-Al_(2)o_(3) improves the dispersion of CeFeo_(3) and LaFeo_(3) phases,the specifi c surface area,and the quant

关键词： Perovskites LaFeo_(3) CeFeo_(3) YFeo_(3) Solution combustion synthesis Co_(2) hydrogenation Reverse water–gas reaction(rWGS)

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Phage lytic proteins: a natural approach to agro-food safety

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Seila Agún Lucía fernández Ana Rodríguez Pilar García Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC). DairySafe Group.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA)

Sustainability is a leading trend in the context of food production. Additionally， consumers increasingly demand safer and less-processed products. Among the different technologies used to maintain the quality and extend the shelf-life of fresh and minimally-processed food， natural antimicrobial agents offer a promising strategy to replace conventional compounds. In this regard， phage lytic proteins or lysins， such as endolysins and virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolases (VAPGHs)， have been proposed as a viable option for the avoidance and elimination of undesirable bacteria within the food production chain. Even when applied exogenously， these proteins can degrade the bacterial cell wall maintaining their lytic activity. This feature， alongside their modular structure， which can be exploited for bioengineering， provides significant biotechnological potential. However， despite the promising properties of lysins， the main obstacle for their commercialization is the limited legal information regulating their use. This challenge underscores the need to navigate complex regulatory pathways. The primary objective of this review is to address this crucial gap and summarize the many prospective applications of endolysins during the different stages of food production. By doing so， we aim to provide clarity and insight into the regulatory challenges that must be overcome for the successful utilization of lysins.

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numerical Simulation of Thermocapillary Convection with Evaporation Induced by Boundary Heating

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1667-1686页

作者： o.n.Goncharova V.B.Bekezhanova Altai State University Institute of Mathematics and Information TechnologiesBarnaul656049Russia Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS Department of Differential Equations of MechanicsKrasnoyarsk660036Russia

The dynamics of a bilayer system filling a rectangular cuvette subjected to external heating is *** influence of two types of thermal exposure on the flow pattern and on the dynamic contact angle is *** particular,the cases of local heating from below and distributed thermal load from the lateral walls are *** simulation is carried out within the frame of a two-sided evaporative convection model based on the Boussinesq approximation.A benzine–air system is considered as reference *** variation in time of the contact angle is described for both heating *** lateral heating,near-wall boundary layers emerge together with strong convection,whereas the local thermal load from the lower wall results in the formation of multicellular motion in the entire volume of the fluids and the appearance of transition regimes followed by a steady-state *** results of the present study can aid the design of equipment for thermal coating or drying and the development of methods for the formation of patterns with required structure and morphology.

关键词： Thermocapillary convection two-phase system numerical modeling contact angle

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Polyelectrolyte Complexes between Hyperbranched and Linear Polysaccharides: Fucoidan/Chitosan

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 468-479页

作者： Ekaterina R.Gasilova Daria n.Poshina Aleksandra o.Sitnikova natalia n.Saprykina Yury A.Skorik Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Bolshoi VO 31St.Petersburg199004Russian Federation

Polyelectrolyte complexes(PECs)of hyperbranched(HB)and linear polysaccharides are promising as more effective encapsulation agents compared to PECs formed by linear *** investigated the PECs between the HB anionic polysaccharide fucoidan(FUC)and the cationic linear polysaccharide chitosan(CS).The FUC had a molecular weight(MW)of 30×*** PECs were prepared in three solvents(water,0.01 and 0.1 mol/L acetic acid)with CS of MW of 15,110 and 170 kDa,and deacetylation degrees(DDA)of 70%and 97%.The structures of the PECs and the initial FUC were investigated by multi-angle static and dynamic light *** the FUC contained 18 wt%of—oSo3 groups and 5 wt%of uronic acid units,it was a“strong-weak”copolyanion,so the HB macromolecules of the FUC formed nanogel particles in 0.1 mol/L AcoH and open branched structures in water,as confirmed by the Kratky *** mixing the solutions of original components,the PEC structures underwent an equilibration period,the duration of which increased with the MW of *** the charge stoichiometry was approached,the PECs shrank;the fractal dimension approached unity,indicating the side-by-side packing of adjacent FUC branches with the help of *** aggregation in the vicinity of the charge compensation was hardly observed,as it occurred in a very narrow *** PEC content at theζ-potential inversion depended on solvents’pH and the DDA of *** the extreme case of core-shell PECs in 0.1 mol/L AcoH,obtained by mixing FUC nanogels with the solutions of high MW CS of 97%DDA,the protruding tails of CS formed a positively charged shell in the whole range of FUC content(10 wt%nning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images of dried samples were discussed in relation to the light scattering results.

关键词： Polyelectrolyte complexes Chitosan Hyperbranched fucoidan Light scattering

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Clinical profile and outcomes in very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation anticoagulated with rivaroxaban: data from the EMIR study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 723-732页

作者： Francisco Marín Manuel Anguita Sánchez Iñaki Lekuona Marcelo Sanmartín fernán-dez Vivencio Barrios Carlos Perez Muñoz Juan Cosín-Sales Alejandro IPérez Cabeza Vanesa Roldán Schilling Carles Rafols Priu Esteban orenes-Piñero María Asunción Es-teve-Pastor Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaIMIB-ArrixacaUniversity of MurciaCIBERCVMurciaSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Reina Sofía CórdobaIMIBICUniversity of CordobaCIBERCVCórdobaSpain Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo BizkaiaSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Uni-versitario Ramony CajalCIBERCVMadridSpain Department of Cardiology University Hospital Ramóny CajalAl-caláUniversityMadridSpain Medical Center La Capillita Sanlúcar de Barrameda.Private cardiology clinicJerez de la FronteraSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Arnau de VilanovaValenciaSpain Department of Car-diology Virgen de la Victoria University HospitalCIBERCV.MalagaSpain Department of Haematology Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Department of Medical Affairs Bayer HispaniaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A University of MurciaMurciaSpain

objectives To analyze the clinical profile,adequacy of treatment with rivaroxaban and outcomes in octogenarians with atrial fibrillation(AF),taking rivaroxaban in clinical *** observational and non-interventional study that included AF adults recruited from 79 Spanish centers,anticoagulated with rivaroxaban ≥ 6 months before being *** were analyzed according to age(≥ 80 vs.out of 1433 patients,453(31.6%) were octogenarians at *** to younger patients,octogenarians had more comorbidities,higher CHA2DS2-VASc(4.5 ± 1.3 vs.3.0 ± 1.4;P nd HAS-BLED scores(2.0 ± 1.0 vs.1.4 ± 1.0;P overall,the dose of rivaroxaban was adequately prescribed in 83.4% of patients,but more frequently in the younger population(71.1% vs.89.1%;P = 0.039).After a mean follow-up of 2.2 ± 0.6 years,annual rates of stroke + systemic embolism + transient ischemic attack,MACE,cardiovascular death and major bleeding were 1.03%,1.24%,1.03% and 1.75%,respectively,in octogenarian *** for progressive heart failure death and major bleeding,rates of outcomes in octogenarians were similar compared to younger *** octogenarians,the concomitant use of antiplatelet agents and non-severe dementia were independently associated with the development of ischemic stroke,whereas previous coronary revascularization and heart failure with MACE,and higher HAS-BLED score with major *** In clinical practice,around one third of patients taking rivaroxaban are *** patients have many comorbidities and a high thromboembolic *** that,rates of adverse events remain *** is adequately prescribed in the majority of octogenarians.

关键词： patients atrial bleeding

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Bismuth-based halide double perovskite Cs_(2)KBiCl_(6): Disorder and luminescence

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 504-508页

作者： Pan Liu Yanming Sun Alberto J.fernández-Carrión Bowen Zhang Hui Fu Lunhua He Xing Ming Congling Yin Xiaojun Kuang MoE Key Laboratory of new Processing Technology for nonferrous Metal and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optic and Electronic Materials and DevicesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China Analytical Instrumentation Center College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Spallation neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Chinese Academic of Science Institute of PhysicsBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsBeijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China College of Science Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

A new bismuth-based halide double perovskite Cs_(2)KBiCl_(6) was isolated successfully through solid-state reactions and investigated using X-ray and neutron *** than an ordered structure,the crystal structure consists of shifted Cs,K,Bi,and Cl sites from the ideal positions with fractional occupancy in compensation,leading to variable local coordination of Cs^(+)ions,as revealed by^(133)Cs solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance ***_(2)KBiCl_(6) displays volume hysteresis at 5-298 K range upon heating and *** Cs_(2)KBiCl_(6) has a direct bandgap of 3.35(2)eV and red-shift luminescence of around 600 nm upon Mn doping compared with the na *** stabilization of disordered structure in Cs_(2)KBiCl_(6) is related to two factors including the large-sized K^(+)cation which prefers to coordinate with more than six Cl^(-),and the Bi^(3+)with 6s^(2) lone pair which has a preference for a local asymmetric *** findings could have general application and help to understand the structure and property of halide perovskites.

关键词： Halide perovskite Double perovskite Luminescence Disordered structure Direct bandgap

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