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Pathogens causing diarrhoea among Bangladeshi children with malignancy: Results from two pilot studies

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第2期8卷 276-283页

作者： Sabina Karim ferdousi begum Afiqul Islam Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar Mamtaz begum Md Johirul Islam Bushra Malik Md Shamim Ahsan Ameneh Khatami Harunor Rashid Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology National Institute of Cancer Research and HospitalMohakhaliDhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Community Medicine Z.H.Sikder Women’s Medical CollegeDhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Cancer Epidemiology National Institute of Cancer Research and HospitalMohakhaliDhaka 1212Bangladesh National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance The Children’s Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadNSW 2145Australia Medical Services Rangpur CantonmentRangpur 5400Bangladesh Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology The Children’s Hospital at WestmeadNSW 2145Australia Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyNSW 2145Australia

BACKGROUND Diarrhoea is a frequent symptom in children with cancer, and occurs due to a composite effect of underlying disease and immunosuppression consequent to therapy, malnutrition, and non-infective aetiologies such as mucositis. In a large proportion of cases, the aetiology of diarrhoea remains unknown but is often attributed to multiple pathogens including *** To identify and describe the pathogens causing diarrhoea in Bangladeshi children with *** Two cross-sectional pilot studies were conducted involving paediatric oncology patients with diarrhoea. Stool samples were collected from children who were hospitalised with or without being treated with chemotherapy during the study period, and had diarrhoea at any stage during their admission. In the first study,stool samples were tested by conventional microbiological methods and by polymerase chain reaction for parasites, and by immunoassays for Clostridium difficile. In the second study, conventional microbiology was conducted for bacteria and parasites including an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Cryptosporidium antigen, and in a subset, immunoassays for Clostridium *** In the first study Giardia lamblia was detected in 68.5% of samples, Entamoeba histolytica in 13%, Cryptosporidium in 5.6%, non-toxigenic C. difficile in 22.4%, and other bacteria in 5.2%. In the second study, E. histolytica was detected in 10% of samples, Cryptosporidium in 4.3%, G. lamblia in 1.4%, C. difficile in 5.1%, and other bacteria in 5.7% of *** These pilot data suggest that parasites are important aetiologies of diarrhoea in Bangladeshi children with malignancy. While molecular diagnostic tools detect an array of stool pathogens with greater sensitivity, conventional diagnostic methods are also useful.

关键词： Bangladesh Cancer Child Cryptosporidium Gastroenteritis Parasite

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Clinical,biochemical and imaging characteristics of adrenal histoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients in a non-endemic area:A case series

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第10期14卷 471-477页

作者： Sharmin Jahan Tahseen Mahmood Md Fariduddin Ibrahim Faisal Md Shahed Morshed Anil Yadav Anil Kumar Shah Chomon Abdullah Emran-Ur-Rashid Chowdhury ferdousi begum MA Hasanat Department of Endocrinology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDhakaBangladesh Department of Endocrinology Combined Military HospitalDhaka CantonmentDhakaBangladesh Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineIndira Gandhi Memorial HospitalKanbaa Aisa Rani HigunMale'-20402Republic of Maldives Department of Emergency Kurmitola General HospitalDhakaBangladesh Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine Birat Medical College Teaching HospitalBiratnagarNepal Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineChitwan Medical CollegeChitwan 44300Nepal Department of Pathology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDhakaBangladesh

Objective:To document the clinical,biochemical and imaging phenotypes of immunocompetent patients with adrenal ***:The clinical,biochemical and radiologic data of 18 immunocompetent patients[age:45.00(39.25,56.25)years,median(IQR),m/f(16/2)]with adrenal histoplasmosis presenting in the Department of Endocrinology,BSMMU between 2014 and 2020 were retrospectively ***:All patients were seronegative for HIV infection,and 27.8%(5/18)had well controlled diabetes *** median duration of the symptoms was 6.00(IQR:4.00,11.25)*** had significant weight loss,anorexia and *** was present in 61.1%(11/18)patients and night sweat was present in 27.8%(5/18)*** and hyperpigmentation were present in 55.6%(10/18)and 66.7%(12/18)cases,*** of 18 patients presented with adrenal *** occurred in 55.6%(10/18)cases,but none had *** of 18 patients had adrenal insufficiency whereas 83.3%(15/18)had high adrenocorticotropic *** scan revealed bilateral adrenal enlargement in all cases with oval shape and regular *** were hypodense having radiodensity 21-90 hounsfield unit,and 11.1%(2/18)were heterogeneous in contrast *** had noticeable calcification whereas 1.1%(2/18)cases had central necrosis with peripheral rim *** was present in 6 cases,splenomegaly in 3 cases and 5 patients had abdominal *** were confirmed by positive fine needle aspiration cytology of adrenal ***:Adrenal histoplasmosis should be considered in the list of differentials of bilateral adrenomegaly in immunocompetent individuals even living in non-endemic areas.

关键词： Histoplasmosis Immunocompetent Nonendemic Adrenal CT

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Risk Factors for Wound Infection Following Caesarean Section: A Case Control Study from Sir Salimullah Medical College &Mitford Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第6期9卷 904-913页

作者： Farhana Israt Jahan ferdousi begum Farzana Islam Shahana Pervin Annekathryn Goodman Department of Gynecologic Oncology National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital Mohakhali Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Ibrahim Medical College & Birdem Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Railway General Hospital Komlapur Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Gynecologic Oncology National Cancer Research Institute Hospital Mohakhali Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA

Background: Post caesarean section (CS) wound infection or surgical site infection is a leading cause of prolonged hospital stay or readmission. An understanding of its risk factors is important. Methods: A case control study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, in Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2014 to evaluate the risk factors of postoperative surgical site infection following CS. One hundred patients were studied. Results: Fifty patients of post CS wound infection (surgical site infection: SSI) were selected as cases. Body mass index > 25 (kg/m2), anemia (p = 0.001), prolonged rupture of membrane (p = 0.005), prolonged operation time (p = 0.019), and junior surgeons performing the operation (p = 0.011) were the risk factors for CS-SSI. Conclusions: Pre- and postoperative care and surgical training of junior doctors should be directed to these risk factors.

关键词： Caesarean Section Body Mass Index Wound Infection Surgical Site Infection Prolonged Rupture of Membrane

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A New Compression Scheme for Secure Transmission

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2013年第6期10卷 578-586页

作者： M.Baritha begum Y.Venkataramani Saranathan College of Engineering

Encryption techniques ensure security of data during transmission. However, in most cases, this increases the length of the data, thus it increases the cost. When it is desired to transmit data over an insecure and bandwidth-constrained channel, it is customary to compress the data first and then encrypt it. In this paper, a novel algorithm, the new compression with encryption and compression （CEC）, is proposed to secure and compress the data. This algorithm compresses the data to reduce its length. The compressed data is encrypted and then further compressed using a new encryption algorithm without compromising the compression efficiency and the information security. This CEC algorithm provides a higher compression ratio and enhanced data security. The CEC provides more confidentiality and authentication between two communication systems.

关键词： Data compression encryption algorithm compression with encryption and compression (CEC) algorithm Huffmancoding run length coding bits per character (BPC).

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A Brief Study on the Ignition of the Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet from a Double Dielectric Barrier Configured Plasma Pencil

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第7期15卷 627-634页

作者： Asma begum Mounir LAROUSSI M. R. PERVEZ School of Engineering and Computer Science Independent UniversityDhaka Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old Dominion UniversityUSA Department of Physics Master Mind CollegeDhaka Bangladesh

To understand the self sustained propagation of the plasma jet/bullet in air under atmospheric pressure, the ignition of the plasma jet/bullet, the plasma jet/bullet ignition point in the plasma pencil, the formation time and the formation criteria from a dielectric barrier configured plasma pencil were investigated in this study. The results were confirmed by comparing these results with the plasma jet ignition process in the plasma pencil without a dielectric barrier. Electrical, optical, and imaging techniques were used to study the formation of the plasma jet from the ignition of discharge in a double dielectric barrier configured plasma pencil. The investigation results show that the plasma jet forms at the outlet of the plasma pencil as a donut shaped discharge front because of the electric field line along the outlet＇s surface. It is shown that the required time for the formation of the plasma jet changes with the input voltage of the discharge. The input power calculation for the gap discharge and for the whole system shows that 56% of the average input power is used by the first gap discharge. The estimated electron density inside the gap discharge is in the order of 1011 cm^-3. If helium is used as a feeding gas, a minimum 1.48× 10^-8 C charge is required per pulse in the gap discharge to generate a plasma jet.

关键词： plasma jet/bullet bullet formation dielectric barrier discharge non-thermalatmospheric pressure plasma

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Acoustofluidic localization of sparse particles on a piezoelectric resonant sensor for nanogram-scale mass measurements

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第4期7卷 117-125页

作者： Jingui Qian Habiba begum Joshua E.-Y.Lee Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina

The ability to weigh microsubstances present in low concentrations is an important tool for environmental monitoring and chemical *** instance,developing a rapid analysis platform that identifies the material type of microplastics in seawater would help evaluate the potential toxicity to marine *** this study,we demonstrate the integration of two different techniques that bring together the functions of sparse particle localization and miniaturized mass sensing on a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)chip for enhanced detection and minimization of negative *** droplet sample for analysis is loaded onto the MEMS chip containing a resonant mass *** the coupling of a surface acoustic wave(SAW)from a SAW transducer into the chip,the initially dispersed microparticles in the droplet are localized over the detection area of the MEMS sensor,which is only 200 pm *** accreted mass of the particles is then calibrated against the resulting shift in resonant frequency of the *** SAW device and MEMS chip are detachable after use,allowing the reuse of the SAW device part of the setup instead of the disposal of both *** platform maintains the strengths of noncontact and label-free dual-chip acoustofluidic devices,demonstrating for the first time an integrated microparticle manipulation and real-time mass measurement platform useful for the analysis of sparse microsubstances.

关键词： resonant sparse mass

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Examining techno-economic interactions among fish species:A case of small-scale demersal fishery

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第4期9卷 682-695页

作者： Jaynab begum Yousuf Shekar Bose Humanities Research Centre Sultan Qaboos UniversityP.O Box 34Muscat123Oman Sultan Qaboos University Al KhoudMuscat123Oman Queen Street Brisbane CityQueensland4000Australia

Using the multi-product dual revenue function framework,this paper examines the nature and extent of technical and economic interactions among five demersal species of Al-Batinah demersal fishery,Oman during the 2010-2016 *** parameters of the system of output supply functions are estimated using Zellner’s seemingly unrelated regressions(SUR)*** likelihood ratio test in relation to the structure of the multi-output production technology rejects the null-hypothesis of input-output separability and non-jointness in *** results suggest that the underlying production technology is non-separable between the outputs and the quasi-fixed input,and the harvesting level of one species is likely to have spill-over economic effects on the harvesting levels of *** own-price elasticities of output supply are found to be positive,inelastic,and statistically significant in four out of five cases suggesting that,other things being equal,fishers’supply decisions are influenced by the prevailing market prices of *** estimated values of the cross-price elasticity of supply are negative,inelastic and statistically significant at the 5%level for eight output *** calculated values of the Morishima elasticity of substitution(MES)indicate the presence of substitutability between ten output *** cross-price elasticity estimates are in the range of􀀀0.001(between Emperor and Catfish)to􀀀0.275(between Seabream and Grouper)which is lower(in absolute value)than that of the MES *** magnitudes of the cross-price elasticity and the MES estimates indicate the extent of spill-over effects of one species on the other and signal the extent of species targeting by fishers.A statistically significant spatial,seasonal,and inter-annual variability is observed in all species ***,the implications of the findings are discussed from the perspective of developing effective management approaches,achieving sustainability of fisheries resource

关键词： Multi-product technology Separability Non-jointness Supply responses Targeting Small-scale fisheries Oman

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On numerical modeling of low-head direct chill ingot caster for magnesium alloy AZ31

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2014年第4期2卷 275-286页

作者： Mainul Hasan Latifa begum Department of Mining&Materials Engineering McGill UniversityM.H.Wong Building3610 University StreetMontrealQC H3A 0C5Canada

A comprehensive 3D turbulent CFD study has been carried out to simulate a Low-Head(LH)vertical Direct Chill(DC)rolling ingot caster for the common magnesium alloy *** model used in this study takes into account the coupled laminar/turbulent melt flow and solidification aspects of the process and is based on the control-volume finite-difference *** the aluminum/magnesium DC casting industrial practices,the LH mold is taken as 30 mm with a hot top of 60 *** previously verified in-house code has been modified to model the present casting *** quantitative results are obtained for four casting speeds,for three inlet melt pouring temperatures(superheats)and for three metal-mold contact heat transfer coefficients for the steady state operational phase of the *** variable cooling water temperatures reported by the industry are considered for the primary and secondary cooling zones during the ***,the temperature and velocity fields,sump depth and sump profiles,mushy region thickness,solid shell thickness at the exit of the mold and axial temperature profiles at the center and at three strategic locations at the surface of the slab are presented and discussed.

关键词： Low-head DC caster Magnesium alloy AZ31 3D CFD modeling Turbulent melt flow Solidification Mushy region thickness Sump profile

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Semi-continuous casting of magnesium alloy AZ91 using a filtered melt delivery system

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2015年第4期3卷 283-301页

作者： Mainul Hasan Latifa begum Department of Mining&Materials Engineering McGill UniversityM.H.Wong Building3610 University StreetMontrealQC H3A 0C5Canada

A 3-D numerical simulation of an industrial-sized slab caster for magnesium alloy AZ91 has been carried out for the steady state operational phase of the *** simulated model consists of an open-top melt delivery system fitted with a porous filter near the *** melt flow through the porous filter was modeled on the basis of Brinkmann-Forchimier-Extended non-Darcy model for turbulent *** in-house 3-D CFD code was modified to account for the melt flow through the porous *** are obtained for four casting speeds namely,40,60,80,and 100 mm/*** metal-mold contact region as well as the convective heat transfer coefficient at the mold wall were also *** addition to the above,the Darcy number for the porous media was also *** parametric studies were performed for a fixed inlet melt superheat of 64℃.The results are presented pictorially in the form of temperature and velocity *** sump depth,mushy region thickness,solid shell thickness at the exit of the mold and axial temperature profiles are also presented and correlated with the casting speed through regression analysis.©2015 Production and hosting by Elsevier *** behalf of Chongqing University.

关键词： Magnesium alloy AZ91 VDC casting Slab caster 3D CFD modeling Porous filter Non-Darcy model Turbulent melt flow Solidification Mushy region

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Engineering of responsive polymer based nano-reactors for facile mass transport and enhanced catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第10期30卷 43-52页

作者： Robina begum Zahoor HFarooqi Zonarah Butt Qingshi Wu Weitai Wu Ahmad Irfan Centre for Undergraduate studies University of the Punjab New Campus Institute of Chemistry University of the Punjab New Campus State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science King Khalid University Research Center for Advanced Materials Science King Khalid University

Silver nanoparticles with average diameter of 10 ± 3 nm were synthesized within the sieves of poly（N-isopropylacrylamide-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-acrylic acid）（p（NIPAAm-HEMA-AAc））polymer microgels. Free radial emulsion polymerization was employed for synthesis of p（NIPAAm-HEMA-AAc） polymer microgels. Silver nanoparticles were introduced within the microgels sphere by in situ reduction method. Microgels and hybrid microgels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultra violet-visible spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements. Catalytic activity of Ag-p（NIPAAm-HEMA-AAc） hybrid microgels was studied using catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol（4-NP） as a model reaction in aqueous media. The influence of sodium borohydride（Na BH4） concentration, catalyst dose and 4-NP concentration on catalytic reduction of 4-NP was investigated. A linear relationship was found between catalyst dose and apparent rate constant（kapp）. The mechanism of catalysis by hybrid microgels was explored for further development in this area. The deep analysis of catalytic process reveals that the unique combination of NIPAAm, HEMA and AAc does not only stabilize silver nanoparticles in polymer network but it also enhances the mass transport of hydrophilic substrate like 4-NP from outside to inside the polymer network.

关键词： Polymer microgels Metal nanoparticles Hybrid microgels Catalytic degradation

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