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Recent advances in immunoassays and biosensors for mycotoxins detection in feedstuffs and foods

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 365-383页

作者： Runxian Li Yang Wen fenglai wang Pingli He State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by *** mycotoxin species are highly toxic and are frequently found in cereals and ***,powerful detection methods are vital and effective ways to prevent feed *** detection methods can no longer meet the needs of massive,real-time,simple,and fast mycotoxin *** detection methods based on advanced material and sensor technology are the future *** this review,we highlight recent progress of mycotoxin rapid detection strategies in feedstuffs and foods,especially for simultaneous multiplex mycotoxin ***,biosensors,and the prominent roles of nanomaterials are *** principles of different types of recognition and signal transduction are explained,and the merits and pitfalls of these methods are ***,limitations and challenges of existing rapid sensing strategies and perspectives of future research are discussed.

关键词： Biosensors Immunoassays Multiple detection Mycotoxins Nanomaterials Rapid detection

Diets enriched with finely ground wheat bran alter digesta passage rate and composition of the gut microbiome in sows

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 32-41页

作者： Zijie wang Wenhui wang Song Xu Jian Ding Xiangfang Zeng Hu Liu fenglai wang State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science&TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Animal Husbandry Service Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing 100000China

We investigated the effects of finely ground wheat bran on the nutrient digestibility, digesta passage rate,and gut microbiota structure in sows. A 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 test periods and 3 experimental diets was used. Six non-pregnant sows(parity: 5 to 7) were randomly assigned to 3 experimental diets with 2 replicates per treatment in each period. Each period lasted 19 d(12 d for adaptation and 7 d for experiment). The experimental diets included(a) a basal corn and soybean meal diet(CON),(b) a basal diet with 20% coarse wheat bran(CWB;particle size: 605 μm), and(c) a basal diet with 20% fine wheat bran(FWB;particle size: 438 μm). The results demonstrated that the apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and energy were reduced(P < 0.05) in the FWB and CWB groups compared with those in the CON group. Viscosity of digesta increased(P < 0.001) in FWB-fed sows. The passage rate of digesta from the mouth to the ileum decreased(P < 0.001) in FWB-fed sows. Peptide YY(PYY) concentration increased(P = 0.01) in FWB-fed sows after 30 min of *** the FWB group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae at the family level increased(P < 0.05) in the ileal digesta. At the class level, the relative abundance of Clostridia in feces decreased(P < 0.05) in FWB-fed sows. FWB enhanced the concentration of butyrate in feces compared with CON and CWB(P = 0.04). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with finely ground wheat bran reduces the passage rate of digesta, increases the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, and elevates the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and PYY in sows. These findings indicate that the addition of finelyground wheat bran to the diets of sows is more effective than using coarse wheat bran for improving their satiety and intestinal microbial composition.

关键词： Finely ground wheat bran Digestive physiology Digesta passage rate Gut microbiota Sow

Dietary supplementation with pyrroloquinoline quinone promotes growth,relieves weaning stress,and regulates metabolism of piglets compared with adding zinc oxide

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 409-419页

作者： Chenyu Shi Zirou Yu Zijie wang Ran Ning Caiyun Huang Youjun Gao fenglai wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Animal Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Changmao Biochemical Engineering Company Changzhou 213000China

Hindered growth often occurs because of psychological and environmental stress during the weaning period of *** study aimed to compare the effects of growth performance,diarrhea indices,digestibility of nutrients,antioxidant capacity,neurotransmitters levels and metabolism of weaned pigs fed diets supplemented with pyrroloquinoline quinone(PQQ)and zinc oxide(ZnO).Pigs weaned at d 28(n=108)were fed with three different diets including:the basal diet(CTRL group),the basal diet supplemented with 3.0 mg/kg PQQ(PQQ group)and the basal diet containing 1,600 mg/kg ZnO(ZNO group).During the first 14 d,weaned pigs fed the diet supplemented with PQQ and ZnO decreased feed to gain ratio and diarrhea rate(P<0.01).Compared with the CTRL group,average daily gain was increased in weaned pigs in the PQQ group from d 15 to 28(P=0.03).Compared with the CTRL group,pigs fed PQQ and ZnO supplemented diets showed improved apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of nutrients(P≤0.05).During the overall experimental period,the concentration of malondialdehyde was decreased in plasma of pigs in the PQQ and ZNO groups compared with the CTRL group(P<0.05).At d 28,the concentration of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)was lower in plasma of weaned pigs in the PQQ and ZNO groups compared with the CTRL group(P<0.05).There was no difference between the PQQ and ZNO group in growth performance,ATTD of nutrition,antioxidant capacity and neurotransmitters *** increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelate(P<0.05)compared with the CTRL *** to metabolomic analysis,erucamide,formononetin and 3-methyl-L-histidine were up-regulated in the PQQ group(P<0.05).Compared with the CTRL group,aloesin and dibutyl adipate were down-regulated in the PQQ group(P<0.05).In conclusion,similar to ZnO,PQQ improves growth performance,digestibility of nutrients,antioxidant capacity,neuromodulation and metabolism of weaned ***,like ZnO,PQQ can be effectively a

关键词： Weaned pig Pyrroloquinoline quinone Zinc oxide Growth performance Metabolomics

Effects of dietary fiber content and different fiber-rich ingredients on endogenous loss of fat and fatty acids in growing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 745-758页

作者： Yifan Chen Zhenyu wang Jian Ding Dongxu Ming Wenhui wang Zhaoning Jiang Ling Liu fenglai wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityNo.2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing 100193China National Animal Husbandry Service Building No.20Maizidian streetChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100125China

Background: Determination of the endogenous loss of fat(ELF) is used to adjust for the estimation of true total tract digestibility(TTTD) of fat in diets and *** factor which affected ELF may further affect the digestibility of fat,including sources and concentrations of fat and fiber in the *** are some reports of determining the ELF using regression methods based on different levels of fat intake,while reports on effects of dietary fiber content and different fiber-rich ingredients in pig diets on ELF are very ***,the objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary fiber content and different fiber-rich ingredients on endogenous losses of fat and fatty acids at the end of ileum and throughout the entire intestinal tract in growing ***: In Exp.1,the effect of fiber content on endogenous loss of fat was determined using six growing pigs(Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire;27.6 ± 2.4 kg),fitted with a T-cannula at the end of *** experimental design was a 6 × 6 complete Latin square design with six periods of feeding and six *** six experimental fat-free diets were formulated to include graded levels of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)(0,40,80,120,160 and 200 g/kg) and soybean hull(SH) was the only fiber source,providing 0,75,150,225,300 and 375 g/kg,*** oxide was included at4 g/kg in all diets as an indigestible *** Exp.2,six crossbred growing barrows(27.6 ± 1.6 kg) were used and the experimental design was the same as for *** six fat-free diets were formulated to include six common fiber-rich ingredients and the concentration of NDF was 100 g/*** six fiber-rich ingredients were defatted rice bran(DRB),sugar beet pulp(SBP),rice hull(RH),corn germ meal(CGM),SH and wheat bran(WB) and they were fed at represented250,270,145,250,170 and 280 g/kg in the diet,***: In Exp.1,the endogenous loss of fatty acids profile did not change as dietary NDF increased in growing p

关键词： Endogenous loss Fat Fatty acids Fiber content Fiber-rich ingredients Growing pigs

Pyrroloquinoline quinone regulates the redox status in vitro and in vivo of weaned pigs via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1451-1467页

作者： Caiyun Huang Zijuan Fan Dandan Han Lee J.Johnston Xi Ma fenglai wang State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science&TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Swine Nutrition and Production West Central Research and Outreach CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMorrisMNUSA Department of Internal Medicine/Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

Background:Oxidative stress is a main cause of piglet gut damage and *** quinone(PQQ),is a novel redox cofactor with antioxidant ***,the effect and mechanism that PQQ supplementation decreases oxidative injury in weaned pigs is not ***,the aim of this study is to confirm the effect of PQQ on regulating redox status in weaned pigs and the mechanism for antioxidant function by porcine intestinal epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2)challenged with H_(2)O_(2).Results:Experiment 1,144 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire pigs(weaned at 28 d)were allocated to four groups:received a basal diet(control)and diets supplemented with 0.15%,0.30%and 0.45%PQQ,*** d 28,growth performance,diarrhea incidence and redox factors were *** 2,IPEC-J2 were treated with or without PQQ in the presence or absence of H_(2)O_(2)for indicated time *** 3,IPEC-J2 were transfected with or without Nrf2 siRNA,then treated according to Experiment *** cell viability,redox factors,protein of tight junctions and Nrf2 pathway were *** vivo,PQQ supplementation demonstrated dose-related improvements in average daily gain,and gain to feed ratio(Linear P<0.05).During d 0–28,compared to controls,0.45%PQQ supplementation for pigs decreased diarrhea incidence and MDA content in liver and jejunum,and increased concentration of SOD in liver;0.3%PQQ supplementation decreased ileal and liver MDA concentration;and 0.15%PQQ supplementation decreased ileal MDA concentration(P<0.05).In vitro,compared to cells cultured with H_(2)O_(2),pre-treatment with PQQ increased cell viability,tight junction proteins expression including ZO-1,ZO-2,Occludin and Claudin-1;and decreased ROS concentration and level of Caspase-3(P<0.05);as well as upregulated the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and protein expression of nuclear Nrf2,***,Nrf2 knockdown by transfection with Nrf2 siRNA largely abrogated the positive effects of PQQ pretreatment on H_(2)O_

关键词： H_(2)O_(2) IPEC-J2 Nrf2 Oxidative stress Pyrroloquinoline quinone Weaned pig

Wheat bran inclusion level impacts its net energy by shaping gut microbiota and regulating heat production in gestating sows

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 45-57页

作者： Song Xu Zirou Yu Zongliang Li Zijie wang Chenyu Shi Jian Li fenglai wang Hu Liu State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityNo.2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing100193China

An accurate estimation of net energy(NE)of wheat bran is essential for precision feeding of ***,the effects of inclusion level on NE of wheat bran have not been *** level was hypothesized to impact NE of wheat bran by regulating gut microbiota and partitioning of heat ***,twelve multiparous sows(Yorkshire×Landrace;2 to 4 parity)were assigned to a replicated 3×6 Youden square with 3 successive periods and 6 diets in each *** experiment included a corn-soybean meal diet(WB0)and five diets including 9.8%(WB10),19.5%(WB20),29.2%(WB30),39.0%(WB40)and 48.7%wheat bran(WB50),*** period included 6 d of adaptation to diets followed by 6 d for heat production measurement using open-circuit respiration *** with other groups,WB30,WB40,and WB50 enriched different fiber-degrading bacteria genera(P<0.05).Apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of wheat bran were greater in WB30 and WB40(P<0.05).Physical activity(standing and sitting)decreased as inclusion level increased(P=0.04),which tended to decrease related heat production(P=0.07).Thermic effect of feeding(TEF)was higher in WB50 than other treatments(P<0.01).Metabolizable energy of wheat bran was similar among treatment groups(except for WB10).NE of wheat bran conformed to a quadratic regression equation with inclusion level(R^(2)=0.99,P<0.01)and peaked at an inclusion level of 35.3%.In conclusion,increasing inclusion level decreased energy expenditure of sows on physical activity and promoted growth of fiber-degrading bacteria,which improved energy utilization of *** of wheat bran fiber by Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 and norank_f_Paludibacteraceae might increase ***,sows utilized energy in wheat bran most efficiently at an inclusion level of 35.3%.

关键词： Gestating sow Gut microbiota Heat production Inclusion level Net energy Wheat bran

Integrative analysis of indirect calorimetry and metabolomics profiling reveals alterations in energy metabolism between fed and fasted pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第3期9卷 706-716页

作者： Hu Liu Yifan Chen Dongxu Ming Ji wang Zhen Li Xi Ma Junjun wang Jaap van Milgen fenglai wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University INRA UMR Pegase

Background: Fasting is a simple metabolic strategy that is used to estimate the maintenance energy requirement where the energy supply for basic physiological functions is provided by the mobilization of body ***, the underlying metabolic components of maintenance energy expenditure are not clear. This study investigated the differences in heat production(HP), respiratory quotient(RQ) and plasma metabolites in pigs in the fed and fasted state, using the techniques of indirect calorimetry and ***: Nine barrows(45.2 ± 1.7 kg BW) were fed corn-soybean based meal diets and were kept in metabolism crates for a period of 14 d. After 7 d adaptation, pigs were transferred to respiratory chambers to determine HP and RQ based on indirect calorimetry. Pigs were fed the diet at 2,400 k J ME/(kg BW0.6·d) during d 8 to 12. The last 2 d were divided into 24 h fasting and 48 h fasting treatment, respectively. Plasma samples of each pig were collected from the anterior vena cava during the last 3 d(1 d while pigs were fed and 2 d during which they were fasted).The metabolites of plasma were determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry using a metabolomics ***: Indirect calorimetry analysis revealed that HP and RQ were no significant difference between 24 h fasting and 48 h fasting, which were lower than those of fed state(P < 0.01). The nitrogen concentration of urine tended to decrease with fasting(P = 0.054). Metabolomics analysis between the fed and fasted state revealed differences in15 compounds, most of which were not significantly different between 24 h fasting and 48 h fasting. Identified compounds were enriched in metabolic pathways related to linoleic acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism, and pantothenate and Co A ***: These results suggest that the decreases in HP and RQ of growing pigs under fasting conditions were associated with the alterations of linoleic acid metabolism and am

关键词： Fasting Growing pig Indirect calorimetry Metabolomics Plasma

Effects of dietary ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immunoglobulins, cytokines, fatty acid composition, and performance of lactating sows and suckling piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 137-144页

作者： Wei Yao Jie Li Jun jun wang Weiliang Zhou Qingbo wang Rongchang Zhu fenglai wang Phil Thacker Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition China Agricultural University Tianjin National Breeding Pig Farm Ninghe Livestock & Fisheries Bureau Department of Science University of Saskatchewan

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary ratios of n-6：n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） on the performance of lactating sows and their piglets. Thirty pregnant Landrace sows were assigned to one of three treatments from d 108 of gestation until weaning （26-29 d） and were fed diets containing different ratios of n-6：n-3 PUFA including 3：1,9：1 and 13：1. The effects on sow and litter production traits were examined together with an assessment of sow body condition. No differences were detected among the treatments for the daily feed intake of sows or changes in sow weight and back-fat levels during lactation （P 〉 0.05）. Litter size at d 14 and d 21 were tended to increase in 3：1 treatment compared with 9：1 and 13：1 treatments （P 〈 0.10）. Litter weight gain （1.77 kg/d） from d 0 to d 14 was tended to increase in 9：1 groups compared with the other two treatments （P 〈 0.10）. A significant difference was observed for the content of a -linolenic acid, total n-3 PUFA, and the ratio of n-6：n-3 PUFA in the colostrum, milk, and piglets plasma （P 〈 0.01）. The effects of different ratios of n-6：n-3 PUFA in sow diets on colostrum, milk and piglet plasma immunoglobulin concentrations are studied. No difference was observed among treatments in the concentrations of IgM, and IgA in colostrum （P 〉 0.05）. A great significant difference for IgG concentration was observed among 3 group in colostrum. A great significant difference for IgA, and IgM （P〈 0.01） concentrations in piglet plasma at d14 and a significant difference for IgG（P 〈 0.05） was observed at d14. Furthermore, at d 21 of lactation, piglet plasma IgG and IgA concentration were greater in 3：1 compared with 13：1 group （P 〈 0.01）. In summary, the current study demonstrated that altering the ratio of n-6：n-3 PUFA in lactating sow diet had an effect on the immune component including immunoglobulin and cytokines, and it tended to increase the litter average daily gain and improve the immune status o

关键词： n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Performance Fatty acid composition Immunoglobulin Cytokines

Methodologies on estimating the energy requirements for maintenance and determining the net energy contents of feed ingredients in swine:a review of recent work

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第3期9卷 518-530页

作者： Zhongchao Li Hu Liu akui Li Zhiqian Lv Ling Liu Changhua Lai Junjun wang fenglai wang Defa Li Shuai Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry CentreChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

In the past two decades, a considerable amount of research has focused on the determination of the digestible(DE) and metabolizable energy(ME) contents of feed ingredients fed to swine. Compared with the DE and ME systems, the net energy(NE) system is assumed to be the most accurate estimate of the energy actually available to the animal. However, published data pertaining to the measured NE content of ingredients fed to growing pigs are limited. Therefore, the Feed Data Group at the Ministry of Agricultural Feed Industry Centre(MAFIC) located at China Agricultural University has evaluated the NE content of many ingredients using indirect calorimetry. The present review summarizes the NE research works conducted at MAFIC and compares these results with those from other research groups on methodological aspect. These research projects mainly focus on estimating the energy requirements for maintenance and its impact on the determination, prediction, and validation of the NE content of several ingredients fed to swine. The estimation of maintenance energy is affected by methodology, growth stage,and previous feeding level. The fasting heat production method and the curvilinear regression method were used in MAFIC to estimate the NE requirement for maintenance. The NE contents of different feedstuffs were determined using indirect calorimetry through standard experimental procedure in MAFIC. Previously generated NE equations can also be used to predict NE in situations where calorimeters are not available. Although popular, the caloric efficiency is not a generally accepted method to validate the energy content of individual feedstuffs. In the future,more accurate and dynamic NE prediction equations aiming at specific ingredients should be established, and more practical validation approaches need to be developed.

关键词： Heat production Ingredients Maintenance Net energy Prediction equations Validation