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Material and device design for organic solar cells: towards efficiency and stability

Science China Chemistry 2023年第12期66卷 3484-3494页

作者： Mingrui Pu Feng He Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Organic solar cells(OSCs) have garnered significant attention as a novel photovoltaic technology and have been extensively investigated. In recent years, OSCs have made rapid strides in power conversion efficiency(PCE), demonstrating their significant potential in practical applications. In addition to high PCE, the practical application of OSCs demands a prolonged operating lifespan. The rational design of materials and devices to achieve efficient and stable OSCs is pivotal. This feature article presents a thorough analysis of our group's studies on enhancing efficiency and stability through material and device design. We introduce a range of exceptional chlorine-mediated organic photovoltaic materials and systematically summarize chlorine atom(Cl) induced effects on energy levels, molecular stacking, active layer film morphology and photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the use of single-crystal diffraction technology allows for a comprehensive understanding of intermolecular packing and interaction at the molecular level. A series of highly efficient non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs) with threedimensional(3D) network packing structures are developed and discussed. Subsequently, based on efficient 3D network brominated NFAs, the studies on polymer and oligomer acceptor materials are carried out and achieve efficient and stable OSCs.In addition to materials design, the development of the “quasiplanar heterojunction”(Q-PHJ) based OSC device also plays an important role in achieving superior efficiency and stability. These design experiences of materials and devices hope to provide valuable guidance for the development of efficient and stable OSCs.

关键词： chlorine-mediated photovoltaic materials single-crystal 3D network efficiency stability

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Advances on Theory and Experiments of the Energy Applications in Graphdiyne

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第1期5卷 72-94页

作者： Feng He Yuliang Li CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049

After years of development,graphdiyne(GDY)has demonstrated the characteristics of transformative materials in many fields and has promoted great progress in fundamental and applied research.In practice,some important new concepts have been proposed,such as natural surface charge distribution inhomogeneity,multicavity space limiting effect,incomplete charge transfer effect on the atomic level,alkyne-alkene conversion of a chemical bond,in situ induction of constrained growth,reversible transition from high to low valence state,and so on.These characteristics originating from the special electronic structure and chemical structure of GDY have rapidly promoted the development of GDY science in recent years and produced many exciting results in fundamental and applied science.Therefore,we systematically introduce the recent theoretical and experimental progress of GDY in terms of its new structural,electronic,mechanical,thermal,and optical properties and its promising applications in the energy fields of membrane sciences,catalysis,energy storage,and conversion.Specifically,the great breakthrough of GDY zero-valence atomic catalysts,quantum dots catalysts,and heterostructure catalysts for catalytic applications are discussed in detail.We believe this review will provide some significant guidelines for the design and development of GDYbased high-performance materials and devices in energy fields.

关键词： graphdiyne energy applications experimental advances theoretical insights

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Multiscale observation in wide-spatial radar surveillance based on coherent FDA design

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 232-252页

作者： Lei YU Feng He Yi SU College of Electronics Science National University of Defense Technology

Wide-spatial radar surveillance missions are challenging tasks, requiring an increased power budget and agility in transmission aimed at extracting information from multiple targets in different environments. These requirements necessitate high transmitting degrees of freedom(DOF) to achieve the objective of multiscale observation for specific tasks in specialized regions of interest. herein, we exploit the multiscale observation ability in wide-spatial radar surveillance based on frequency diverse array(FDA)radar. The proposed method facilitates spatial anisotropic control of multiple radar resources, including the transmitting waveforms, beampattern, and bandwidth. By utilizing a coherent FDA radar, we offer principles for the selection of baseband waveforms, in addition to the quantitative design of the beampattern gain and optimal bandwidth from the perspective of detection. The feasibility of the proposed method is validated through numerical experiments, thus indicating the potential in wide-spatial radar surveillance. Moreover,this work can be regarded as a preliminary attempt to gauge the efficacy of the computational array, a novel academic concept.

关键词： multi-scale observation wide-spatial surveillance frequency diverse array (FDA) beampattern synthesis frequency diversity gain computational array

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Ternary strategy: An analogue as third component reduces the energy loss and improves the efficiency of polymer solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 67-73,I0003页

作者： Longzhu Liu Hanjian Lai Feng He School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

Ternary strategy is a convenient and effective method to boost the performance of polymer solar cells(PSCs).Utilizing a ternary strategy to trade-off between the energy loss and the efficiency of devices however requires further exploration.here,through the hydroxyl(-OH)and acetoxy(-OCOMe)substitution atβ-position of the IC terminal group,we developed two new synthetic acceptors,BTIC-OH-βand BTICOCOMe-β,which were designed to confine the morphology aggregation.Introduction of an analogue as the third component provides a simple but efficient way to further balance the short current density(Jsc)and open-circuit voltage(Voc),leading to a champion efficiency based on PBDB-T:PBDB-TF:BTIC-OCOMe-β,effectively as high as 12.45%.The results were examined mainly in terms of the morphology characterization,electroluminescence external quantum efficiency(EQEEL),steady-state photoluminescence(PL)and transient technology.It suggested fine-tuning of the morphology by ratio modulation,reduction of the energy loss,construction of a promising pathway for charge transfer in the ternary system and enhancing the carrier extraction.In this way,a ternary strategy with an analogue donor could provide more routes to higher-quality solar cells.

关键词： Polymer solar cell Ternary strategy Energy loss Trade-off

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DNA methylation dynamics during germline development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第12期64卷 2240-2251页

作者： Shengbo he Xiaoqi feng Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642 China John Innes Centre Colney LaneNorwichNR47UH UK

DNA methylation plays essential homeostatic functions in eukaryotic genomes.In animals,DNA methylation is also developmentally regulated and,in turn,regulates development.In the past two decades,huge research effort has endorsed the understanding that DNA methylation plays a similar role in plant development,especially during sexual reproduction.The power of whole-genome sequencing and cell isolation techniques,as well as bioinformatics tools,have enabled recent studies to reveal dynamic changes in DNA methylation during germline development.Furthermore,the combination of these technological advances with genetics,developmental biology and cell biology tools has revealed functional methylation reprogramming events that control gene and transposon activities in flowering plant germlines.In this review,we discuss the major advances in our knowledge of DNA methylation dynamics during male and female germline development in flowering plants.

关键词： chromatin DNA methylation epigenetic reprogramming germline small interfering RNA

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Nickel/Quinim Enabled Asymmetric Carbamoyl-Acylation of Unactivated Alkenes

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中国化学:英文版 2023年第14期41卷 1673-1678页

作者： Xianqing Wu Haiyan Li Feng He Jingping Qu Yifeng Chen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237 China

Transition metal-catalyzed difunctionalization of tethered alkene has emerged as a prevailing tool for the expedient construction of synthetically valuable cyclic compounds.However,most efforts have been devoted to the reaction of styrene-type substrates due to their rigid scaffold and high reactivity.With respect to the difunctionalization of nonaromatic tethered olefin,especially the mono-substituted alkene,still remains largely underdeveloped.herein,we disclose a nickel/Quinim complex and TBADT-cocatalyzed asymmetric carbamoyl-acylation of unactivated alkene tethered on nonaromatic carbamoyl chlorides with diverse aldehydes.The reaction exhibits broad substrate scope with good functional group tolerance,as well as high reaction efficiency and enantioselectivity.Both monosubstituted and 1,1-substituted alkenes can work well with either aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes under the current protocol,providing convenient access to an array of medicinally useful chiralγ-lactams derivatives bearing a convertible acyl functionality.This reaction showcases more application possibilities of the chiral Quinim ligand in the future asymmetric catalytic transformations.

关键词： Nickel Quinim ligand Lactams Asymmetric catalysis Alkenes

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Hybrid partition-and network-level scheduling design for distributed integrated modular avionics systems

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第1期33卷 308-323页

作者： Xuan ZHOU Huagang XIONG Feng He School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Distributed Integrated Modular Avionics(DIMA)develops from Integrated Modular Avionics(IMA)and realizes distributed integration of multiple sub-function areas.Timetriggered network provides effective support for time synchronization and information coordination in DIMA systems.However,inconsistency between processing resources and communication network destroys the time determinism benefiting from partitions and time-triggered mechanism.To ensure such time determinism and achieve guaranteed real-time performance,system design should collectively provide a global communication scheme for messages in network domain and a corresponding execution scheme for partitions in processing domain.This paper firstly establishes a general DIMA model which coordinates partitioned processing and time-triggered communication,and then proposes a hybrid scheduling algorithm using Mixed Integer Programming to produce feasible system schemes.Furthermore,incrementally integrating new functions causes upgrades or reconfigurations of DIMA systems and will generate integration cost.To control such cost,this paper further develops an optimization algorithm based on Maximum Satisfiability Problem and guarantees that the scheduling design for upgraded DIMA systems inherit their original schemes as much as possible.Finally,two typical cases,including a simple fully connected DIMA system case and an industrial DIMA system case,are constructed to illustrate our DIMA model and validate the effectiveness of our hybrid scheduling algorithms.

关键词： Distributed integrated modular avionics End-to-end delay Incremental integration cost Maximum satisfiability problem Mixed integer programming Scheduling algorithms

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Deterministic bound for avionics switched networks according to networking features using network calculus

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第6期30卷 1941-1957页

作者： Feng He Ershuai LI School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University

The state of the art avionics system adopts switched networks for airborne communications. A major concern in the design of the networks is the end-to-end guarantee ability. Analytic methods have been developed to compute the worst-case delays according to the detailed configurations of flows and networks within avionics context, such as network calculus and trajectory approach. It still lacks a relevant method to make a rapid performance estimation according to some typically switched networking features, such as networking scale, bandwidth utilization and average flow rate. The goal of this paper is to establish a deterministic upper bound analysis method by using these networking features instead of the complete network configurations. Two deterministic upper bounds are proposed from network calculus perspective: one is for a basic estimation,and another just shows the benefits from grouping strategy. Besides, a mathematic expression for grouping ability is established based on the concept of network connecting degree, which illustrates the possibly minimal grouping benefit. For a fully connected network with 4 switches and 12 end systems, the grouping ability coming from grouping strategy is 15–20%, which just coincides with the statistical data(18–22%) from the actual grouping advantage. Compared with the complete network calculus analysis method for individual flows, the effectiveness of the two deterministic upper bounds is no less than 38% even with remarkably varied packet lengths. Finally, the paper illustrates the design process for an industrial Avionics Full Duple X switched Ethernet(AFDX) networking case according to the two deterministic upper bounds and shows that a better control for network connecting, when designing a switched network, can improve the worst-case delays dramatically.

关键词： Deterministic bound Grouping ability Network calculus Networking features Switched networks

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System dynamics in structural strength and vibration fatigue life assessment of the swing bar for high‐speed maglev train

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2022年第2期2卷 178-189页

作者： feng Guo Feifei Hu Shengchuan Wu Feng He Jianxin Liu Xingwen Wu State Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong UniversitySichuanChengduChina School of Mechanical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversitySichuanChengduChina

High‐speed maglev trains are subjected to severe dynamic loads,thus posing a failure hazard.It is necessary to account for the vehicle dynamics to improve the structural strength and fatigue life assessment approach under harsh routes and super high‐speed grades.As the most critical load‐carrying part between the vehicle body and levitation frames,the swing bar was taken as an example to demonstrate the significance of vehicle dynamics to integrate classical structural strength and fatigue life with the service conditions.A multiphysics‐coupled dynamic model of an alpha improvement scheme for an electromagnetic suspension maglev train capable of 600 km/h was established to investigate the complex dynamic loads and fatigue spectra.Using this model,the structural strength and fatigue life of the wrought swing bars were investigated.Results show only a slight effect on the structural strength and fatigue life of swing bars by the super high‐speed grades.The nonaxial bending moments caused by the uncompensated relative displacement between the vehicle body and bolsters are identified as the decisive factors.The minimum safety factor of the structural strength for wrought swing bars is 1.33,while the minimum fatigue life is 34 years.Both match the design requirements but are not conservative enough.Therefore,further verification and optimization are recommended to improve the design of swing bars.

关键词： vibration fatigue life dynamic strength levitation frame high‐speed maglev train time‐domain stepwise fatigue assessment(TSFA)

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H-and J-aggregation of conjugated small molecules in organic solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 174-192页

作者： Qiaoqiao Zhao Feng He State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology

As H- and J-aggregation receive more and more attention in the research of organic solar cells(OSCs),especially in small molecular systems,deep understanding of aggregation behavior is needed to guide the design of conjugated small molecular structure and the fabrication process of OSC device.For this end,this review is written.here,the review firstly introduced the basic information about H- and J-aggregation of conjugated small molecules in OSCs.Then,the characteristics of H- and J-aggregation and the methods to identify them were summarized.Next,it reviewed the research progress of H- and J-aggregation of conjugated small molecules in OSCs,including the factors influencing H-and J-aggregation in thin film and the effects of H- and J-aggregation on OPV performance.

关键词： Efficiency H-aggregation J-aggregation Organic solar cells Small molecules Stability

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