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Characterization of dissolved organic matter in submarine groundwater from a salt marsh in Chongming Island,China

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第1期40卷 128-141页

作者： Tangrong HE fenfen zhang Yali WANG Xiaogang CHEN Jinzhou DU State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Shanghai 202162China Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China

Salt marshes are research hotspots of the carbon cycle in coastal zones because large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide is fi xed by salt marshes vegetation and stored in its biomass and *** organic carbon(DOC)in submarine groundwater(well water and pore water)in salt marshes plays an important role in advective exchange between the salt marshes and coastal ***,the molecular characteristics of DOC in salt marsh groundwater are poorly understood because of the complex DOC structures and hydrodynamic *** this study,fl uorescent components and refractory DOC(RDOC)in submarine groundwater from a salt marsh(Chongming Island,China)and adjacent coastal water were characterized by fl uorescence spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance *** fl uorescent components identifi ed by parallel factor analysis indicated that humic-like substances dominated the chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the submarine *** chromophoric dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic matter in the submarine groundwater had non-conservative behaviors because of additions from terrestrial humic *** nuclear magnetic resonance spectra indicated that bioactive substances(carbohydrates)contributed only 13.2%-14.8%of the dissolved organic matter in the submarine groundwater but carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules(CRAMs),the main components of RDOC,contributed 64.5%of the dissolved organic *** and CRAMs contributed 16.4%and 61.7%of the dissolved organic matter in the coastal water,similar to the contributions for submarine *** DOC concentration in submarine groundwater was 386±294μmol/L,which was signifi cantly higher than that in coastal water(91±19μmol/L).The high DOC concentrations and>60%relative RDOC content suggested that submarine groundwater may be an important source of RDOC to coastal *** information will be helpful for estimating the climate eff ects of salt marsh blue carbon.

关键词： submarine groundwater dissolved organic carbon fl uorescence refractory dissolved organic carbon salt marsh Chongming Island

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Underestimated benefits of NO_(x) control in reducing SNA and O_(3) based on missing heterogeneous HONO sources

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 57-67页

作者： Shuping zhang Haotian Zheng Jun Liu Yao Shi Tianzeng Chen Chaoyang Xue fenfen zhang Yueqi Jiang Xiangping zhang Shovan Kumar Sahu Biwu Chu Jia Xing State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology Beijing 100028China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou 450003China Centre for Climate Research Singapore Meteorological Service SingaporeSingapore 537054Singapore

Substantial NO_(x) emission mitigation is crucial for the synergistic reduction of particulate matter and ozone(O_(3))pollution in *** traditional air quality model does not consider heterogeneous HONO chemistry,leading to uncertainties in estimating the benefits of NO_(x) *** studies have shown that the parameterization of heterogeneous HONO formation increases both the simulated value of sulfate–nitrate–ammonium(SNA)and that of O_(3),thus adding the heterogeneous reactions of HONO into air quality models inevitably leads to changes in the estimated benefits of NO_(x) *** we investigated the changes in SNA and O_(3)concentrations from NO_(x) emission reduction before and after adding heterogeneous HONO reactions in the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality(CMAQ)*** heterogeneous HONO reactions in the simulation improved the benefits of NO_(x) reduction in terms of SNA control in *** 80%NO_(x) reduction,the reduction in SNA increased from 36.9%without considering heterogeneous HONO reactions to 42.8%with heterogeneous HONO *** reduction in the maximum daily 8h average(MDA8)O_(3)in summer caused by NO_(x) reduction increased slightly from 4.7%to 5.2%after adding heterogeneous HONO *** results in this study highlight the enhanced effectiveness of NO_(x) controls for the reduction of SNA and O_(3)after considering heterogeneous HONO formation in a complex chemical ambient,demonstrating the importance of NO_(x) controls in reducing PM2.5 and O_(3)pollution in China.

关键词： Heterogeneous HONO NO_(x) reduction PM_(2.5) O_(3)

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Chemical characterization of fractions of dissolved humic substances from a marginal sea—a case from the Southern Yellow Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第2期36卷 238-248页

作者： zhang Yaoling YANG Keli DU Jinzhou zhang fenfen DONG Yaping LI Wu Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

Marine dissolved organic matter （DOM） is one of the largest dynamic pools of organic carbon in the global carbon cycle, yet DOM is still chemically poorly characterized. To better understand the origin, composition, and cycling of DOM in the China marginal sea, dissolved humic substances （DHS） were isolated from seawaters in two locations in the Southern Yellow Sea. The DHS were subdivided into fulvic acids （FAs）, humic acids （HAs） and the XAD-4 fractions. Complementary analytical approaches were used to characterize the isolated DHS samples including stable carbon isotopic composition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, ~3C cross polarization magic angle spinning （CP/MAS） nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （Py-GC/MS）. The results demonstrated that both DHS samples encountered the influences from marine source, indicating that algal and microbial-derived materials are the predominant precursors for the studied samples. The three fractions of DHS showed different properties. FAs presented more aromatic features, whereas HAs contained more aliphatic lipids and proteinaceous materials. The XAD-4 fractions were enriched in 13C and contained more carbohydrates but less aromatic compounds. The lower molecular weight and higher heteroatom content and number of carboxyl groups for the XAD-4 fractions may give them considerable geochemical significance for aspects of trace metal species, bioavailability of pollutants, mineral weathering and water acidification in marine environments.

关键词： seawater fulvic acid humic acid the XAD-4 fraction NMR Py-GC/MS

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Deformation geometry and timing of the Wupoer thrust belt in the NE Pamir and its tectonic implications

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 751-760页

作者： Xiaogan CHENG Hanlin CHEN Xiubin LIN Shufeng YANG Shenqiang CHEN fenfen zhang Kang LI Zelin LIU School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Research Center for Structures in Oil- and Gas-Bearing Basins Ministry of Education Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Exploration Geophysics College of Geophysics and Information Engineering China University of Petroleurn-Beijing Beijing 102249 China

The Pamir region, located to the northwest of the Tibetan Plateau, provides important information that can aid the understanding of the plateau＇s tectonic evolution. Here we present new findings on the deforma- tion geometry and timing of the Wupoer thrust belt at the northeastem margin of Pamir. Field investigations and interpretations of seismic profiles indicate that the eastern portion of the Wupoer thrust belt is dominated by an underlying foreland basin and an overlying piggy-back basin. A regional unconformity occurs between the Pliocene （N2） and the underlying Miocene （NI） or Paleogene （Pg） strata associated with two other local unconformities between Lower Pleistocene （Q1） and N2 and between Middle Pleistocene （Q2-4） and Q1 strata. Results of structural restorations suggest that compres- sional deformation was initiated during the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene, contributing a total shortening magnitude of 48.6 km with a total shortening rate of 48.12%, most of which occurred in the period from the latest Miocene to earliest Pliocene. These results, com- bined with previous studies on the Kongur and Tarshkor- gan extensional system, suggest an interesting picture of strong piedmont compressional thrusting activity concur- rent with interorogen extensional rifting. Combining these results with previously published work on the lithospheric architecture of the Pamir, we propose that gravitational collapse drove the formation of simultaneous extensional and compressional structures with a weak, ductile middle crustal layer acting as a decollement along which both the extensional and compressional faults merged.

关键词： Pamir Kongur Wupoer gravitational collapse fold-and-thrust belt

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Seasonal metal fluxes derived by the interaction of surface water and groundwater in an aquaculture estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第8期42卷 113-124页

作者： Xiaoxiong Wang Jordi Garcia-Orellana Xiaogang Chen Jianan Liu fenfen zhang Jianguo Qu Zhuoyi Zhu Jinzhou Du State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China ICTA-UAB Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia AmbientalsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona E-08193Spain Departament de Física Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona E-08193Spain Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)plays a major role as a conveyor of metals to coastal ***,the seasonal change of metal fluxes derived through SGD is ***,we evaluated the behaviours and fluxes of trace metals(Mn,Fe,Ba,Pb,U,Cr,Zn,Cu)in an estuary under different seasonal *** behaviours of trace metals revealed that SGD was the source of Mn(3.51 mmol/(m^(2)·d)),Fe(0.174 mmol/(m^(2)·d))and Ba(0.024 mmol/(m^(2)·d)),but the Cu sink(−0.55μmol/(m^(2)·d))and other metals exhibited a seasonal source‒sink *** seasonal variation of dissolved organic matter and the fresh groundwater proportion in subterranean estuaries may have an important effect on metals fluxes especially for the Fe,Mn and *** result shows that the single seasonal metal fluxes estimation applied to the annual scale will cause a large deviation,up to 3.6 times for Fe,5.5 times for Mn,and 15 times for ***,the influence of seasonal fluctuations on SGDderived metal fluxes cannot be ignored,and our findings will be important for comprehending the metal budget and cycle in nearshore environment.

关键词： subterranean estuary seawater intrusion heavy metals seasonal changes coastal management

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Synergetic PM_(2.5) and O_(3) control strategy for the Yangtze River Delta,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 281-291页

作者： Zhaoxin Dong Jia Xing fenfen zhang Shuxiao Wang Dian Ding Hongli Wang Cheng Huang Haotian Zheng Yueqi Jiang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

PM_(2.5)concentrations have dramatically reduced in key regions of China during the period 2013-2017,while O_(3)has *** there is an urgent demand to develop a synergetic regional PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control *** study develops an emission-to-concentration response surface model and proposes a synergetic pathway for PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)based on the framework of the Air Benefit and Cost and Attainment Assessment System(ABaCAS).Results suggest that the regional emissions of NOx,SO_(2),NH3,VOCs(volatile organic compounds)and primary PM_(2.5)should be reduced by 18%,23%,14%,17%and 33%compared with 2017 to achieve 25%and 5% decreases of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)in 2025,and that the emission reduction ratios will need to be 50%,26%,28%,28% and 55%to attain the National Ambient Air Quality *** effectively reduce the O_(3) pollution in the central and eastern YRD,VOCs controls need to be strengthened to reduce O_(3)by 5%,and then NOx reduction should be accelerated for air quality ***,control of primary PM_(2.5)emissions shall be prioritized to address the severe PM_(2.5)pollution in the northern *** most cities in the YRD,the VOCs emission reduction ratio should be higher than that for NOx in Spring and *** control should be increased in summer rather than winter when a strong VOC-limited regime ***,regarding the emission control of industrial processes,on-road vehicle and residential sources shall be prioritized and the joint control area should be enlarged to include Shandong,Jiangxi and Hubei Province for effective O_(3)control.

关键词： PM_(2.5) O_(3) Response surface model Synergistic control pathway Cost-benefit analysis

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Progress in quantitative research on the relationship between atmospheric oxidation and air quality

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 350-366页

作者： Yuesi Wang Xin Jin Zirui Liu Gehui Wang Guiqian Tang Keding Lu Bo Hu Shanshan Wang Guohui Li Xinqin An Chao Wang Qihou Hu Lingyan He fenfen zhang Yuanhang zhang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China 3 State Key Joint Laboratory or Environmental Simul ation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Lab of Geophysical Information System of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of Atmospheric Composition and Environmental Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Lab of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

Atmospheric oxidizing capacity(AOC)is an essential driving force of troposphere chemistry and self-cleaning,but the definition of AOC and its quantitative representation remain *** by national demand for air pollution control in recent years,Chinese scholars have carried out studies on theories of atmospheric chemistry and have made considerable progress in AOC *** paper will give a brief review of these ***,AOC indexes were established that represent apparent atmospheric oxidizing ability(AOIe)and potential atmospheric oxidizing ability(AOIp)based on aspects of macrothermodynamics and microdynamics,respectively.A closed study refined the quantitative contributions of heterogeneous chemistry to AOC in Beijing,and these AOC methods were further applied in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and key areas across the *** addition,the detection of ground or vertical profiles for atmospheric OH·,HO_(2)·,NO_(3)·radicals and reservoir molecules can now be obtained with domestic instruments in diverse ***,laboratory smoke chamber simulations revealed heterogeneous processes involving reactions of O_(3)and NO_(2),which are typical oxidants in the surface/interface atmosphere,and the evolutionary and budgetary implications of atmospheric oxidants reacting under multispecies,multiphase and multi-interface conditions were ***,based on the GRAPES-CUACE adjoint model improved by Chinese scholars,simulations of key substances affecting atmospheric oxidation and secondary organic and inorganic aerosol formation have been *** numerical simulations of AOIe and AOIp were performed,and regional coordination of AOC was *** optimized plan for controlling O_(3)and PM2.5was analyzed by scenario simulation.

关键词： Atmospheric oxidizing capacity(AOC) Quantitative index Free radicals Observation and modeling Air quality

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新时代行业型职教集团建设的成效、问题与路径

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教育与职业 2020年第10期 19-25页

作者：张芬芬济源职业技术学院经济管理系河南济源459000

经过多年的建设与发展,我国行业型职教集团规模不断扩大,内涵日渐完善,效能稳步提升,已经成为推动我国职业教育与产业融合发展的重要力量。但是,行业型职教集团在建设过程中也暴露出许多问题,如法律制度不健全、政府疏于监督指导、集团... 详细信息

经过多年的建设与发展,我国行业型职教集团规模不断扩大,内涵日渐完善,效能稳步提升,已经成为推动我国职业教育与产业融合发展的重要力量。但是,行业型职教集团在建设过程中也暴露出许多问题,如法律制度不健全、政府疏于监督指导、集团管理模式和配套机制不健全、校企发展目标缺乏有效整合等。鉴于此,建议加快法律制度建设、明确职教集团法律地位,压实政府主体责任、做好事中事后监督指导,健全集团管理运行机制、促进成员单位之间利益共享,扎牢校企合作纽带、强化校企利益联结等,从而促进行业型职教集团的可持续发展。

关键词：新时代行业型职教集团职教集团化办学

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TCT式并联电抗器控制绕组匝间故障保护方案

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电力自动化设备 2017年第7期37卷 135-141页

作者：张芬芬郑涛刘连光华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室北京102206

基于对晶闸管控制变压器(TCT)式并联电抗器的本体结构和控制绕组匝间短路故障特性分析,提出一种针对其控制绕组匝间故障保护的新方案。该方案综合利用控制绕组匝间故障时网侧零序电压低、补偿绕组零序电流大的特点,采用主判据和辅助判... 详细信息

基于对晶闸管控制变压器(TCT)式并联电抗器的本体结构和控制绕组匝间短路故障特性分析,提出一种针对其控制绕组匝间故障保护的新方案。该方案综合利用控制绕组匝间故障时网侧零序电压低、补偿绕组零序电流大的特点,采用主判据和辅助判据相结合的方式,主判据采用零序过电流保护元件,采取两段式的整定方式以兼顾匝间故障下保护的灵敏度和容量调节过程中的可靠性;辅助判据由网侧零序高电压闭锁元件构成,并增加闭锁判据,保证TCT式并联电抗器在系统非全相运行、区外不对称故障、电抗器空投、容量调节等暂态过程中保护可靠不误动。基于仿真测试结果确定了所提方案的具体整定方法,并对灵敏度进行了校验,分析计算的结果证明了所提方案的可行性和有效性。

关键词：晶闸管控制变压器式并联电抗器控制绕组匝间故障保护方案暂态特性灵敏度分析

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A Review of Air Pollution and Control in Hebei Province, China

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2013年第3期2卷 47-55页

作者： Litao Wang Jing Yang Pu zhang Xiujuan Zhao Zhe Wei fenfen zhang Jie Su Chenchen Meng Department of Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China

Hebei is one of the most air polluted provinces in China. According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) for the severe fog-haze month of Jan. 2013, seven of the top ten most polluted cities in China are located in Hebei Province. In this study, the air pollution history and status of the Hebei Province are reviewed and discussed, using the governmental published Air Pollution Index (API), the academic observations by various scientific research groups and the long-term statistics of visibility and haze frequencies. It is found that within the Hebei Province, the air pollution in the southern cities is much more severe than the northern cities. Particulate matter (PM) is undoubtedly the major air pollutant, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) pollutions are also unnegligible. Ozone (O3) pollution in larger cities, such as Shijiazhuang, is significant. Air pollution control history from 1998 is discussed as well. Although Hebei Province has made a great effort on air quality, the pollutant emissions, such as SO2 and fly ash, showed a notable increase in 2001 to 2006. However, after 2006 the emissions started to decrease due to the strict implementation of the national 11th Five Year Plan (FYP). In addition, regional jointly air pollution control and prevention strategies are expected in the future to substantially change the severe air pollution status in Hebei Province.

关键词： Air Quality Hebei API PM2.5

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