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Preventing brain aging by the artificial enforcement of the unfolded protein response:future directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 393-394页

作者： felipe cabral-Miranda claudio Hetz Instituto de ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil center for Geroscience Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile、Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile、Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile、Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCAUSA

As the life expectancy of the world’s population increases,age-related diseases are emerging as one of the greatest problems facing modern society.The onset of dementia and neurodegenerative diseases is strictly dependent on aging as a major risk factor and has a profound impact on various aspects of the lives of individuals and their families.

关键词： diseases aging directions

Ventriculo-atrial shunt with occlusion of the internal jugular vein: operative experience and surgical technique

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第2期10卷 1-8页

作者： Quintero Silvia Tatiana Ramirez-Velandia felipe Moreno Andres felipe Hortua Vera Lina Rugeles Paula Gonzalez Rafael Augusto Azuero Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Clinica Medilaser S.A.S. Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Santander Colombia Neurology and Neurosurgery Research Group Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá D.C. Colombia Universidad Industrial de Santander Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Colombia Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Colombia clinica chicamocha Bucaramanga Santander Colombia

Background Ventricular shunts are one of the most frequent techniques used for the management of hydrocephalus. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is the most commonly performed procedure, and the ventriculoatrial shunt (VAS) is the second option in most medical centers. The main objective of this study is to introduce and describe a surgical approach for VAS outlining our experience and comparing it with traditional shunting techniques.Methods In this retrospective cohort comparison study, we included patients with hydrocephalus treated with a surgical procedure between January 2010 and February 2021 at a single academic institution. We categorized the procedures into two groups: patients with VPS and conventional VAS grouped together into the conventional technique (cT) group, and the second group was patients with whom we performed VAS with complete internal jugular vein occlusion (IJVOT). We compared the surgical time, postoperative complications, and occurrence of shunt failure among the groups by performing univariate analysis using the Fisher exact test.Results Out of the 106 patients included in the analysis, IJVOT was performed in 66 patients, and cT in 40 patients. The median surgical time was 60 min (IQR 60-90) for IJVOT versus 100 min (IQR 60-120) for cT (p cedure, 83.3% of patients with IJVOT and 62.5% of patients with cT did not require shunt removal or shunt revision (p cT while 1.5% and 2.5% for IJVOT at 1 and 6 months after the procedure.conclusion Our findings demonstrate that VAS with IJVOT is a safe method that exhibited shorter surgical times and outcomes comparable to cT. However, since the present study represents the first cohort evaluating IJVOT, it is imperative to conduct larger prospective studies, along with clinical trials, to fully explore and establish efficacy, long-term outcomes, and an in-depth comparison among shunting techniques.

关键词： Hydrocephalus Ventriculoatrial shunting Internal jugular vein Operative time complications Shunt removal

A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 33-40页

作者： Diana Marcela cuesta Parra felipe correa Mahecha Andrés felipe Rubio Pinzon Davidcamilo Ramirez Bustos Leonel Alveyro Teran Llorente Miguel Fernando Jimenez Jimenez chemical and Environmental Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 11711Colombia chemical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Mecanical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia

Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach areas.Few studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 1o L.This study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-L prototype and identified the optimal operating parameters.Tests were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm²at the laboratory scale and 1865.0 cm?at the prototype scale.A design for experiments with different operating times,chloride concentrations,and electric current intensities was developed.The optimal operating time,sodium chloride concentration,and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min,150 g of chloride per liter,and 3 A,respectively,leading to the production of 5.02 g/L of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of cl2 per kilojoule.At the prototype scale,the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min,a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter,and a current intensity of 70 A,reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of cl2 per kilojoule.In addition,this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration,current intensity,and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales,and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical systems.The 22-L prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.

关键词： Disinfection Electrolysis Energy efficiency Optimization Sodium hypochlorite

Small-scale self-driving cars:A systematic literature review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第2期11卷 271-292页

作者： felipe caleffi Lauren da Silva Rodrigues Joice da Silva Stamboroski Brenda Medeiros Pereira Autonomous Vehicles Laboratory Federal University of Santa MariaCachoeira do Sul 96503-205Brazil Mobility and Logistics Laboratory Federal University of Santa MariaCachoeira do Sul 96503-205Brazil

The autonomous vehicle(AV)technology has the potential to significantly improve safety and efficiency of the transportation and logistics industry.Full-scale AV testing is limited by time,space,and cost,while simulation-based testing often lacks the necessary accuracy of AV and environmental modeling.In recent years,several initiatives have emerged to test autonomous software and hardware on scaled vehicles.This systematic literature review provides an overview of the literature surrounding small-scale self-driving cars,summarizing the current autonomous platforms deployed and focusing on the software and hardware developments in this field.The studies published in English-language journals or conference papers that present small-scale testing of self-driving cars were included.Web of Science,Scopus,Springer Link,Wiley,AcM Digital Library,and TRID databases were used for the literature search.The systematic literature search found 38 eligible studies.Research gaps in the reviewed papers were identified to provide guidance for future research.Some key takeaway emerging from this manuscript are:(i)there is a need to improve the models and neural network architectures used in autonomous driving systems,as most papers present only preliminary results;(ii)increasing datasets and sharing databases can help in developing more reliable control policies and reducing bias and variance in the training process;(iii)small-scaled vehicles to ensure safety is a major benefit,and incorporating data about unsafe driving behaviors and infrastructure problems can improve the accuracy of predictive models.

关键词： Self-driving car Autonomous vehicle Small-scale vehicle Systematic literature review

Deep optics preconditioner for modulation-free pyramid wavefront sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 301-312页

作者： felipe GUZMÁN JORGE TAPIA cAMILO WEINBERGER NIcOLÁS HERNÁNDEZ JORGE BAccA BENOIT NEIcHEL ESTEBAN VERA School of Electrical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaı´soValparaı´soChile Department of Systems Engineering Universidad Industrial de SantanderBucaramangaColombia Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille MarseilleFrance

The pyramid wavefront sensor(PWFS)can provide the sensitivity needed for demanding adaptive optics applications,such as imaging exoplanets using the future extremely large telescopes of over 30 m of diameter(D).However,its exquisite sensitivity has a limited linear range of operation,or dynamic range,although it can be extended through the use of beam modulation—despite sacrificing sensitivity and requiring additional optical hardware.Inspired by artificial intelligence techniques,this work proposes to train an optical layer—comprising a passive diffractive element placed at a conjugated Fourier plane of the pyramid prism—to boost the linear response of the pyramid sensor without the need for cumbersome modulation.We develop an end-2-end simulation to train the diffractive element,which acts as an optical preconditioner to the traditional least-square modal phase estimation process.Simulation results with a large range of turbulence conditions show a noticeable improvement in the aberration estimation performance equivalent to over 3λ∕D of modulation when using the optically preconditioned deep PWFS(DPWFS).Experimental results validate the advantages of using the designed optical layer,where the DPWFS can pair the performance of a traditional PWFS with 2λ∕D of modulation.Designing and adding an optical preconditioner to the PWFS is just the tip of the iceberg,since the proposed deep optics methodology can be used for the design of a completely new generation of wavefront sensors that can better fit the demands of sophisticated adaptive optics applications such as ground-to-space and underwater optical communications and imaging through scattering media.

关键词： process optics pyramid

Geochemical elements in suspended particulate matter of Ensenada de La Paz Lagoon,Baja california Peninsula,Mexico:Sources,distribution,mass balance and ecotoxicological risks

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 422-436页

作者： Sandra Soledad Morales-García Pilar de Acacia Pérez-Escamilla Suresh Babu Sujitha Pichaimani Godwyn-Paulson Andrés felipe Zuniga-cabezas Muthuswamy Ponniah Jonathan Instituto Politécnico Nacional(IPN) Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia(CMPL)Av.Acueducto s/nCol.Barrio la Laguna TicománDel Gustavo A.MaderoC.P.07340Ciudad de MéxicoMexico Instituto Politécnico Nacional(IPN) Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura(ESIA)Unidad Ticomán***án 600Delg.Gustavo A.MaderoC.P.07340Ciudad de México(CDMX)Mexico Instituto Politécnico Nacional(IPN) Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo(CIIEMAD)Calle 30 de Junio de 1520Barrio la Laguna TicománDel.Gustavo A.MaderoC.P.07340Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico

The present study aimed to evaluate multi-element concentrations(Al,As,ca,cd,co,cr,cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Sr)in suspended particulate material(SPM)collected from Ensenada de La Paz(ELP)lagoon,Baja california Sur,Mexico in two different periods(September and May)to comprehend their origin,geochemical behavior,mass transfer and associated ecotoxicological risks.The 24 hr variation coefficient of volumetric SPM levels were found to be 51.7%in September and 40.5%in May,signifying the effects of oceanic waters.The calculated enrichment factor(EF)values for all the studied elements were of higher magnitude because of the high surface area and oxide nature of SPM,and in this study,Mo had the highest EF of 46.77 probably due to its origin from continental weathering.From the ecotoxicological perspective,the integrated toxic risk index revealed low toxic risk to the benthic community.However,the mean-ERM-Quotient calculated using the particulate concentrations of As,cd,cr,cu,Ni,Pb indicated 9%probability of toxicity to biota.The comprehensive geochemical and ecotoxicological assessment of particulate metal concentrations in the ELP lagoon signify low to moderate contamination.

关键词： Suspended particulate material Heavy metals Risk assessment Mass transfer Ensenada de La Paz

cerebral and muscle tissue oxygenation during exercise in healthy adults: A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 459-471,F0003页

作者： Diego Orcioli-Silva Victor Spiandor Beretta Paulo cezar Rocha Santos felipe Marroni Rasteiro Anita Brum Marostegan Rodrigo Vitorio claudio Alexandre Gobatto Fulvia Barros Manchado-Gobatto Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology(LAFAE) School of Applied Sciences(FCA)University of Campinas(UNICAMP)Limeira 13484-350Brazil Posture and Gait Studies Laboratory(LEPLO) Institute of BiosciencesSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Rio Claro 13506-900Brazil Physical Education Department School of Technology and SciencesSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil Department of computer Science&Applied Mathematics Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel center of Advanced Technologies in Rehabilitation Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 5265601Israel Department of Sport Exercise and RehabilitationNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18STUK

Background:Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)technology has allowed for the measurement of cerebral and skeletal muscle oxygenation simultaneously during exercise.Since this technology has been growing and is now successfully used in laboratory and sports settings,this systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence and enhance an integrative understanding of bloodﬂow adjustments and oxygen(O_(2))changes(i.e.,the balance between O_(2) delivery and O_(2) consumption)within the cerebral and muscle systems during exercise.Methods:A systematic review was conducted using PubMed,Embase,Scopus,and Web of Science databases to search for relevant studies that simultaneously investigated cerebral and muscle hemodynamic changes using the near-infrared spectroscopy system during exercise.This review considered manuscripts written in English and available before February 9,2023.Each step of screening involved evaluation by 2 inde-pendent authors,with disagreements resolved by a third author.The Joanna Briggs Institute critical Appraisal checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies.Results:Twenty studies were included,of which 80%had good methodological quality,and involved 290 young or middle-aged adults.Different types of exercises were used to assess cerebral and muscle hemodynamic changes,such as cycling(n=11),treadmill(n=1),knee extension(n=5),isometric contraction of biceps brachii(n=3),and duet swim routines(n=1).The cerebral hemodynamics anal-ysis was focused on the frontal cortex(n=20),while in the muscle,the analysis involved vastus lateralis(n=18),gastrocnemius(n=3),biceps brachii(n=5),deltoid(n=1),and intercostal muscle(n=1).Overall,muscle deoxygenation increases during exercise,reaching a plateau in voluntary exhaustion,while in the brain,oxyhemoglobin concentration increases with exercise intensity,reaching a plateau or declining at the exhaustion point.conclusion:Muscle and cerebral oxygenation respond differently to exercise,with muscle increasing O_(2) utilization and cerebral tissue

关键词： Near-infrared spectroscopy Hemodynamic Blood flow Brain Muscle metabolism

Bridging the gap: Predicting brain metastasis in breast cancer

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World Journal of clinical Oncology 2024年第2期15卷 356-359页

作者： Daniela Gonsalves Raquel ciérvide felipe couñago Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare MadridMadrid 28043Spain Facultad de Medicina Salud y Deporte Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Department of Radiation Oncology HM HospitalesMadrid 28050Spain

chen et al explored clinicopathological features and prognostic factors,revealing advanced tumor stage,lung metastases,HER-2 overexpression,and triple-negative status as key contributors.Recent research connects astrocytes'role in brain metastasis with signaling pathways and the impact of Trastuzumab on HER-2 tumor survival.Factors such as positive HER2 status,lack of estrogen receptor expression,and liver metastasis are identified as additional risk factors.The routine use of magnetic resonance imaging,insights into gene mutations associated with metastasis,and the role of radiotherapy,including prophylaxis possibilities,is controversial in clinical practice.Understanding these risk factors in a multidisciplinary collaboration is precise for local treatments and targeted therapies,particularly for HER2+tumors,impacting directly on longer survival.

关键词： Brain metastases Breast cancer clinicopathological features High-risk factors

classificatory updates in verrucous and cuniculatum carcinomas:Insights from the 5^(th) edition of WHO-IARc head and neck tumor classification

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World Journal of clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 464-467页

作者： felipe Martins Silveira Lauren Frenzel Schuch Ronell Bologna-Molina Department of Diagnostics in Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine Faculty of DentistryUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideo 1600Uruguay Department of Oral Pathology Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoDurango 13400Mexico

The International Agency for Research on cancer(IARc)and World Health Organization(WHO)collaboratively produce the'WHO Blue Books'essential tools standardizing the diagnostic process for human cancers.Regular updates in this classification accommodate emerging molecular discoveries,advances in immunohistochemical techniques,and evolving clinical insights.The 5th edition of the WHO/IARc classification of head and neck tumors refines the'Oral cavity and Mobile Tongue'chapter,including sections for non-neoplastic lesions,epithelial tumors,and tumors of uncertain histogenesis.Notably,the epithelial tumors section is rearranged by tumor behavior,starting with benign squamous papillomas and progressing through potentially malignant oral disorders to oral squamous cell carcinoma(OScc).The section on OScc reflects recent information on epidemiology,pathogenesis,and histological prognostic factors.Noteworthy is the specific categorization of verrucous carcinoma(Vc)and carcinoma cuniculatum(cc),both associated with the oral cavity and distinct in clinical and histologic characteristics.This classification adjustment emphasizes the oral cavity as their predominant site in the head and neck.Designating specific sections for Vc and cc aims to provide comprehensive insights into these unique subtypes,elucidating their clinical features,distinct histological characteristics,prevalence,significance,and clinical relevance.By categorizing these subtypes into specific sections,the 5th edition of the WHO classification aims to provide a more nuanced and detailed account,enhancing our understanding of these specific variants within the broader spectrum of head and neck tumors.

关键词： World Health Organization Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck Verrucous carcinoma Mouth neoplasms