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LIBRA:an adaptative integrative tool for paired single-cell multi-omics data

Quantitative Biology 2023年第3期11卷 246-259页

作者： Xabier Martinez-de-Morentin Sumeer AKhan Robert Lehmann Sisi Qu Alberto Maillo Narsis AKiani felipe prosper Jesper Tegner David Gomez-Cabrero Navarrabiomed Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra(CHN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNAPamplona 31001Spain Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Algorithmic Dynamic Lab Department of Oncology and PathologyCenter for Molecular MedicineKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden Division of Hemato-Oncology Center for Applied Medical Research CIMACancer Center University of Navarra(CCUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IDISNA)CIBERONCPamplona 31008Spain Department of Hematology Clinica Universidad de NavarraCIBERONC Pamplona 31008Spain Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia

Background:Single-cell multi-omics technologies allow a profound system-level biology understanding of cells and tissues.However,an integrative and possibly systems-based analysis capturing the different modalities is challenging.In response,bioinformatics and machine learning methodologies are being developed for multi-omics single-cell analysis.It is unclear whether current tools can address the dual aspect of modality integration and prediction across modalities without requiring extensive parameter fine-tuning.Methods:We designed LIBRA,a neural network based framework,to learn translation between paired multi-omics profiles so that a shared latent space is constructed.Additionally,we implemented a variation,aLIBRA,that allows automatic fine-tuning by identifying parameter combinations that optimize both the integrative and predictive tasks.All model parameters and evaluation metrics are made available to users with minimal user iteration.Furthermore,aLIBRA allows experienced users to implement custom configurations.The LIBRA toolbox is freely available as R and Python libraries at GitHub(TranslationalBioinformaticsUnit/LIBRA).Results:LIBRA was evaluated in eight multi-omic single-cell data-sets,including three combinations of omics.We observed that LIBRA is a state-of-the-art tool when evaluating the ability to increase cell-type(clustering)resolution in the integrated latent space.Furthermore,when assessing the predictive power across data modalities,such as predictive chromatin accessibility from gene expression,LIBRA outperforms existing tools.As expected,adaptive parameter optimization(aLIBRA)significantly boosted the performance of learning predictive models from paired data-sets.Conclusion:LIBRA is a versatile tool that performs competitively in both“integration”and“prediction”tasks based on single-cell multi-omics data.LIBRA is a data-driven robust platform that includes an adaptive learning scheme.

关键词： single-cell multi-omic Autoencoder auto-finetuning

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Quantification of corneal neovascularization after ex vivo limbal epithelial stem cell therapy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第6期7卷 988-995页

作者： Adriano Guarnieri Javier Moreno-Monta?és Belén Alfonso-Bartolozzi Alfonso L.Sabater María García-Guzmán Enrique J.Andreu felipe prosper Department of Ophthalmology Clínica Universidad de Navarra Department of Cell Therapy Clínica Universidad de Navarra

AIM: To assess cultured limbal epithelial stem cell transplantation in patients with limbal stem cell deficiency by analyzing and quantifying corneal neovascularization.METHODS: This retrospective, interventional case series included eight eyes with total limbal stem cell deficiency. Ex vivo limbal epithelial stem cells were cultured on human amniotic membrane using an animalfree culture method. The clinical parameters of limbal stem cell deficiency, impression cytology, and quantification of corneal neovascularization were evaluated before and after cultured limbal stem cell transplantation. The area of corneal neovascularization,vessel caliber(VC), and invasive area(IA) were analyzed before and after stem cell transplantation by image analysis software. Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),epithelial transparency, and impression cytology were also measured.RESULTS: One year after surgery, successful cases showed a reduction(improvement) of all three parameters of corneal neovascularization [neovascular area(NA), VC, IA], while failed cases did not. NA decreased a mean of 32.31%(P =0.035), invasion area29.37%(P =0.018) and VC 14.29%(P =0.072). BCVA improved in all eyes(mean follow-up, 76 ±21mo).Epithelial transparency improved significantly from 2.00 ±0.93 to 0.88±1.25(P =0.014). Impression cytology showed that three cases failed after limbal epithelial stem cell therapy before 1y of follow-up.CONCLUSION: This method of analyzing andmonitoring surface vessels is useful for evaluating the epithelial status during follow-up, as successful cases showed a bigger reduction in corneal neovascularization parameters than failed cases. Using this method,successful cases could be differentiated from failed cases.

关键词： limbal stem cell corneal neovascularization stem cell therapy impression cytology limbal stem cell deficiency

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among People Living with HIV Receiving Care in Three Large HIV Clinics in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2024年第1期14卷 1-17页

作者： prosper Okonkwo Oluseye Ajayi Deborah Babatunde Dimas Mercy Ezekiel Program Department APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Community Medicine Department Bingham University Karu Nigeria Prevention and Community Service Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Health System Strengthening Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria

In the last decade, the long-term survival among people living with HIV (PLHIV) has significantly improved. This is accompanied by an increased burden of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension due to the combined effect of the aging population and the metabolic effect of the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) virion and antiretroviral therapy. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among people living with HIV in three large health facilities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multistage sampling technique to select 309 adults with HIV, 18 years and above, receiving HIV care in three large health facilities in Nasarawa State. The outcome variable was the participants’ self-reported history of hypertension, confirmed through a positive history of hypertension treatment. Exposure variables included the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and HIV care and treatment history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Factors associated with hypertension were assessed using binary logistic regression at a 0.05 level of statistical significance. A total of 309 adults living with HIV were sampled. A larger percentage of the participants were married 228 (73.8%), female, 191 (61.8%), within the age group 41 - 50 years, 141 (45.6%). Most of the participants had no family history of hypertension, 188 (60.8%). The prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 11.0% (34/309). Factors associated with hypertension at the bivariate level were age group 21 - 30 years, 41 - 50 years, being widow/widower, divorced, retired from employment or with family history of hypertension. Only participants age group 31 - 40 years [Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR): 0.18, 95%CI: 0.04 - 0.91, p = 0.04] and family history of hypertension [(AOR): 83.44, 95%CI: 15.75 - 442.11, p < 0.01] were found to predict hypertension among the study participants after adjusting for confounders. In conclusion, Hypertension remains a public health

关键词： HIV HIV Care Hypertension Hypertension Prevalence Nigeria PLHIV

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New Asymptotic Results on Fermat-Wiles Theorem

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第6期14卷 421-441页

作者： Kimou Kouadio prosper Kouakou Kouassi Vincent Tanoé François UMRI MSN Felix Houphouet-Boigny National Polytechnic Institute Yamoussoukro Ivory Coast Nangui Abrogoua University Applied Fundamental Sciences Department Abidjan Ivory Coast UFRMI Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast

We analyse the Diophantine equation of Fermat xp yp = zp with p > 2 a prime, x, y, z positive nonzero integers. We consider the hypothetical solution (a, b, c) of previous equation. We use Fermat main divisors, Diophantine remainders of (a, b, c), an asymptotic approach based on Balzano Weierstrass Analysis Theorem as tools. We construct convergent infinite sequences and establish asymptotic results including the following surprising one. If z y = 1 then there exists a tight bound N such that, for all prime exponents p > N , we have xp yp zp.

关键词： Fermat’s Last Theorem Fermat-Wiles Theorem Kimou’s Divisors Diophantine Quotient Diophantine Remainders Balzano Weierstrass Analysis Theorem

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Fermat and Pythagoras Divisors for a New Explicit Proof of Fermat’s Theorem:a⁴ + b⁴ = c⁴. Part I

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第4期14卷 303-319页

作者： prosper Kouadio Kimou François Emmanuel Tanoé Kouassi Vincent Kouakou Laboratoire d’ Informatique et de Math&#233matiques appliqu&#233es Institut Polytechnique F&#233lix Houphou&#235t BOIGNY Yamoussoukro Cote d&#8217Ivoire UFR Mathé matiques et Informatique Universit&#233 F&#233lix Houphouet BOIGNY Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire UFR Sciences Fondamentales Appliqué es Universit&#233 NANGUI ABROGOUA Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire

In this paper we prove in a new way, the well known result, that Fermat’s equation a4 + b4 = c4, is not solvable in ℕ , when abc≠0 . To show this result, it suffices to prove that: ( F 0 ): a 1 4 + ( 2 s b 1 ) 4 = c 1 4 , is not solvable in ℕ , (where a 1 , b 1 , c 1 ∈2ℕ+1 , pairwise primes, with necessarly 2≤s∈ℕ ). The key idea of our proof is to show that if (F0) holds, then there exist α 2 , β 2 , γ 2 ∈2ℕ+1 , such that ( F 1 ): α 2 4 + ( 2 s−1 β 2 ) 4 = γ 2 4 , holds too. From where, one conclude that it is not possible, because if we choose the quantity 2 ≤ s, as minimal in value among all the solutions of ( F 0 ) , then ( α 2 ,2 s−1 β 2 , γ 2 ) is also a solution of Fermat’s type, but with 2≤s−10) is solvable in ( a 1 ,2 s b 1 , c 1 ) , s ≥ 2 like above;afterwards, proceeding with “Pythagorician divisors”, we creat the notions of “Fermat’s b-absolute divisors”: ( d b , d ′ b ) which it uses hereafter. Then to conclude our proof, we establish the following main theorem: there is an equivalence between (i) and (ii): (i) (F0): a 1 4 + ( 2 s b 1 ) 4 = c 1 4 , is solvable in ℕ , with 2≤s∈ℕ , ( a 1 , b 1 , c 1 )∈ ( 2ℕ+1 ) 3 , coprime in pairs. (ii) ∃( a 1 , b 1 , c 1 )∈ ( 2ℕ+1 ) 3 , coprime in pairs, for wich: ∃( b ′ 2 , b 2 , b ″ 2 )∈ ( 2ℕ+1 ) 3 coprime in pairs, and 2≤s∈ℕ , checking b 1 = b ′ 2 b 2 b ″ 2 , and such that for notations: S=s−λ( s−1 ) , with λ∈{ 0,1 } defined by c 1 − a 1 2 ≡λ( mod2 ) , d b =gcd( 2 s b 1 , c 1 − a 1 )= 2 S b 2 and d ′ b = 2 s−S b ′ 2 = 2 s B 2 d b , where ( 2 s B 2 ) 2 =gcd( b 1 2 , c 1 2 − a 1 2 ) , the following system is checked: { c 1 − a 1 = d b 4 2 2+λ = 2 2−λ ( 2 S−1 b 2 ) 4 c 1 + a 1 = 2 1+λ d ′ b 4 = 2 1+λ ( 2 s−S b ′ 2 ) 4 c 1 2 + a 1 2 =2 b ″ 2 4;and this system implies: ( b 1−λ,2 4 ) 2 + ( 2 4s−3 b λ,2 4 ) 2 = ( b ″ 2 2 ) 2;where: ( b 1−λ,2 , b λ,2 , b ″ 2 )={ ( b ′ 2 , b 2 , b ″ 2 ) if λ=0 ( b 2 , b ′ 2 , b ″ 2 ) if λ=1;From where, it

关键词： Factorisation in ℤ Greatest Common Divisor Pythagoras Equation Pythagorician Triplets Fermat's Equations Pythagorician Divisors Fermat's Divisors Diophantine Equations of Degree 2 4-Integral Closure of ℤ in ℚ

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Perception of Medical Students towards Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Hepatitis B Vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 39-48页

作者： prosper Ifeanacho Okonkwo Kingsley Chinedu Okafor Saratu Lamido Toluwani Bamisaiye Eunice Lagasi Department of Community Medicine & PHC Bingham University Karu Nigeria

Background: Prevention is one of the safe schemes against the high prevalence of viral Hepatitis. Negative perceptions or perceptions about the risks of hepatitis B among medical students and health care workers may influence the behavioral pattern and adoption of preventive measures against the virus and can affect the uptake of the Hepatitis B vaccine. This study assesses the perception of medical students towards Hepatitis B virus infection and Hepatitis B Vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in August 2021 among 236 clinical medical students using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analysed using the IBM SPSS 28 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Ethical approval was granted by Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Ethics Committee, Jos, Plateau State. Results: Two-thirds of respondents were of the opinion that they are at risk of contracting HBV. Half were of the opinion that the risk is very much while a third believed the risk is moderate. Among those who think they are not at risk of contracting HBV, the majority felt so because they are vaccinated while 10.3% believe that they are safe. 43.2% of respondents think that HBV Vaccine is very effective in preventing HBV infection while 39.8% think it is slightly effective, and 7.6% think it is not effective. Almost all respondents, 99.2% are of the opinion that HBV Vaccination is important for students while 0.8% think it is not important. The majority of the respondents at 95.8% were willing to be screened for HBV. The majority (85.6%) of respondents are willing to pay for HBV Vaccine as against 14.4% of respondents who are not willing to pay. Conclusion: Summarily, 21 (8.9%) of the students had a negative perception of Hepatitis B Vaccination, and 215 (91.1%) had a positive perception of Hepatitis B Vaccination. Perception-sustaining events like sem

关键词： Perception Hepatitis B Virus Infection Hepatitis B Vaccination Medical Students

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Knowledge of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) among Medical Students in a Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 162-175页

作者： prosper Iheanacho Okonkwo Kingsley Chinedu Okafor Bitrus Salome Kwaghal Bolarinwa Boluwatito Joel Haruna Garba Department of Community Medicine & PHC Bingham University Karu Nigeria

Background: Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) remain a common cause of death, functional disability, emotional suffering and economic burden among hospitalized patients. Knowledge of HAIs is important in its prevention and control. This study seeks to assess the knowledge of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) among medical students in a Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in October 2019 among clinical medical students using a Multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed using the IBM SPSS 20 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Ethical approval was granted by Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Ethics Committee, Jos, Plateau State. Results: A total of 219 students in the clinical arm of the College of Medicine and Health Sciences were selected. A higher proportion (97.7%) of respondents knew about Hospital Acquired Infections and 85.4% knew that Hospital Acquired infections occur in the hospital, and (86.3%) considered patients contagious with half (58.9%) considered patients as the most important source of HAIs, followed by care givers (13.2%), then doctors including medical students and interns (10.0%) and lastly nurses (8.7%). The majority of respondents (70.8%) considered Surgical Wound Infections to be the most commonly occurring HAI, followed by UTIs (69.9%), RTIs (61.2%), BSIs (37.0%) and others (0.9%). The clinical thermometer was the instrument that most commonly transmits HAIs (82.6%), then followed by stethoscope (62.1%), white coats (53.9%), and blood pressure cuff (51.1%). Most respondents knew the infectious substances, like blood (96.3%), nasal discharge (82.6%), saliva (85.3%), and faeces (79.4%) transmitted HAIs, 72.6% of the respondents said that they were aware of the recommended hand washing techniques by WHO. Conclusion: The majority of students 91.3% had good knowledge while 8.7% had poor knowledge of HAIs. L

关键词： Knowledge Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) Nosocomial Infections Medical Students

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Hydrochemical Characterisation and Assessment of the Level of Contamination of Groundwater Collected by Private Waterworks in the Town of Moundou in the South of Chad

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 13-32页

作者： prosper Doumtoudjinodji Elegbede Manou Bernadin Jean Claude Doumnang Mbaigane Nguérassem Djoueingue Urbain Agnichola Akilou Socohou Amadou Water and Environment Sciences and Techniques Laboratory National Water Institute (INE) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Geology Geomorphology and Remote Sensing Laboratory University of N’Djaména N’Djamena Chad Applied Hydrology Laboratory National Water Institute (INE) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water for large cities in most African countries. In Moundou, for example, the conventional groundwater supply system is failing. To compensate for this state failure, the population is building boreholes and wells, most of which tap the surface water table, generally referred to as the “water table”. The aim of this study is to characterize these waters in order to assess their level of contamination and, by extension, the degree of pollution of the water table. Major elements such as: Chloride (Cl-), Sulfate (SO42-), Nitrate (NO3-), Calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) were analysed by Liquid Chromatography and the Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) was determined by the titrimetric method. The methodology applied is based on a combination of hydrochemical techniques and statistical analysis (PCA and CHA). A sampling campaign was carried out during high-water periods. The results of the physico-chemical analyses show mineralization ranging from 7.29 to 3670 μS/cm, with an average of 487.44 μS/cm. The groundwater studied is generally acidic, with a pH ranging from 3.26 to 6.41. Based on their anions, they are classified into four main hydrochemical facies: chloride and sulphate facies, calcium and magnesium facies, sodium and potassium facies and bicarbonate facies. The various correlations between major ions and statistical analyses have enabled us to identify three hydrogeochemical processes involved in water mineralization. The dominant process is silicate hydrolysis, followed by cation exchange, then anthropogenic input, which influences mineralization by polluting the water.

关键词： Drinking Water Groundwater Chemical Pollution Moundou Chad

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COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Associated Factors in Selected Communities in Two Southwestern States in Nigeria

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 260-278页

作者： Oluseye Ayodele Ajayi Olabanjo Okunlola Ogunsola Ajibola Idowu Oluwaseun Kikelomo Ajayi Kucheli Wudiri Rita Asoka-Ikechukwu prosper Okonkwo APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomosho Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria

Introduction: COVID-19 vaccine uptake and acceptance have been a major global concern due to the prevalent misinformation and disinformation that has characterized the vaccine rollout worldwide. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake and acceptance, and associated factors among selected community members in two states in southwestern Nigeria. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a multistage sampling technique. Fifty catchment settlements of 10 health facilities in each of Oyo and Ogun States targeted for a COVID-19 infection prevention and control intervention were randomly selected. Four households were targeted per settlement. All households that refused access were replaced, to ensure a minimum of four households randomly selected per settlement. The primary household decision-maker was interviewed in each household. Information elicited included respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, health history, knowledge, risk and benefit perception about the COVID-19 vaccine, vaccine uptake, and willingness to be vaccinated. The study was conducted from July–August 2021. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM version 23. Result: Four hundred household decision-makers were surveyed in Oyo and Ogun states, after replacement. The mean age of the respondents was 43.0 ± 11.0 years. The majority, 346 (86.5%) had heard about COVID-19 vaccination, but only 47 (13.6%) had received a COVID-19 vaccination. Of the 299 respondents who reported not receiving a COVID-19 vaccination, 166 (55.5%) were willing to be vaccinated. In univariate analysis, respondents who were female had tertiary education, perceived that COVID-19 vaccines are free and accessible, perceived that COVID-19 vaccines have minimal side effects, and perceived higher benefits of COVID-19 vaccination had higher odds of being vaccinated. In contrast, younger respondents, respondents with higher knowledge scores on COVID-19 preventive measures, and with chronic illness had lower likelihoods of being vaccinated. In multivariate analysis, o

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination Vaccine Vaccine Uptake

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Involvement of haptoglobin in disease development

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World Journal of Hematology 2024年第2期11卷 1-7页

作者： Romaric Tuono De Manfouo JosuéSimo Louokdom Bernard Claude Chetcha Larissa Michelle BakamMagoua prosper Cabral Biapa Nya Constant Anatole Pieme Claude Tayou Tagny Department of Microbiology ParasitologyHematologyand Infectious DiseasesHematology UnitFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaoundé1Yaoundé296Cameroon Higher Institute of Health Sciences Universitédes MontagnesBangangté296Cameroon Public Health and Biotechnology Research Laboratory(LAPHER-Biotech) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaoundé1Yaoundé296Cameroon Faculty of Sciences Universitéde DschangDschang 296Cameroon Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaoundé1Yaoundé296Cameroon

Haptoglobin(HP)is a liver glycoprotein that is actively synthesized during in-flammatory and hemolytic processes.It also has pro-oxidant and proinflam-matory properties,which are a function of its genotype.The genetic polymorp-hism of the chains leads to synthesis of three phenotypes/proteins,which are related to the number and type of chains and their molecular weight,namely HP1-1,HP1-2 and HP2-2.Patients with HP2-2 have more vascular complications,while those with HP1-1 have fewer.HP is involved in the worsening of diseases,such as HP2-2 in aggravation of vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease,and worsening of the pathophysiology of other diseases.In contrast,HP1-1 confers better protection against diseases.All of this suggests that further studies should be conducted,including experimental and analytical studies focused on de-monstrating the influence of different HP genotypes on individual clinical and hematological data.This would help in understanding the role played by this genetic polymorphism in the pathophysiology of diseases.

关键词： Haptoglobin Protein Properties Polymorphism Diseases

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