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Monkeypox:A looming concern for children?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第8期15卷 335-336页

作者： Claudio Bruno Silva de Oliveira Joelma Maria de Araújo Andrade Jonas Ivan nobre Oliveira Pediatric Hospital Maria Alice Fernandes NatalRio Grande do NorteBrazil Blood Center Dalton Cunha NatalRio Grande do NorteBrazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Department of Biophysics and PharmacologyNatalRio Grande do NorteBrazil

Several countries around the world have followed the growing number of monkeypox(MPX) cases with concern, as they are still very sensitive to fears of a new tragic pandemic, as was the case with COVID-19. This alarm has been prolonged since May 2022[1,2], when the current outbreaks of the disease were observed in several countries outside the area normally associated with the circulation of the causative virus, monkeypox virus(MPXV).

关键词： outside cases monkey

Tunnel geometry of the subterranean termite Reticulitermes grassei （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）in response to sand bulk density and the presence of food

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Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 511-518页

作者： TANIA nobre LINA NUNES DAVID E. BIGNELL Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil Nucleo de Estruturas de Madeira Lisboa Portugal Queen Mary University of London School of Biological and Chemical Sciences London UK Institute of Tropical Biology and Conservation Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

The cryptic habits of subterranean termites restricts detailed analysis of their foraging patterns in situ, but the process is evidently dominated by tunnel constructions connecting the nest with woody resources discovered within the territory of each colony. In this study, tunnel formation and orientation were studied experimentally in the termite Reticulitermes grassei （Clement）, using 2-dimensional laboratory foraging arenas con- taining fine sand as the substratum. The building of exploratory tunnels over a 10-day period and the geometry of the resulting network are described. Fractal analysis showed that tunnel geometry had a fractal dimension, regardless of the total length tunnelled whether foragers encountered the food source or not. The bulk density of the sand in the arenas affected the distances tunnelled, with higher density reducing construction, but did not affect tunnel geometry. Tunnels were not discernibly orientated with respect to the positioning of the food source, even in a situation where termites had failed to find the food source at a distance of less than 50 mm, suggesting that volatiles from wood are not attractants.

关键词： foraging gallery fractal analysis Reticulitermes grassei search pattern,subterranean termites tunnel geometry

Anti-inflammatory natural products modulate interleukins and their related signaling markers in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第12期13卷 1408-1428页

作者： Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi Thiruchenduran Mohana Kumaraswamy Athesh Varghese Edwin Hillary Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos Mariana nobre Farias de Franca Monalisa Martins Montalvão Stanislaus Antony Ceasar Gnanasekaran Jothi Gurunagarajan Sridharan Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel Baojun Xu Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design Department of BiosciencesRajagiri College of Social Sciences(Autonomous)KalamaserryKochi683104KeralaIndia Department of Biochemistry Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital(MAHER)Maduravoyal600095ChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Biochemistry Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalli620005Tamil NaduIndia Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department of BiosciencesRajagiri College of Social Sciences(Autonomous)KalamaserryKochi683104KeralaIndia Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania Department of MorphologyFederal University of SergipeSao CristovaoSergipeBrazil Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences(PPGCS) Federal University of Sergipe(UFS)Campus Prof.Joao Cardoso NascimentoAracajuCEP 49060.108SergipeBrazil Programme of Food Science and Technology Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhaiGuangdong519087China

This review aims to identify in vivo studies investigating the potential of plant substances and their natural molecules in managing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Specifically,the objective is to examine the impact of these substances on interleukins and other key inflammatory signaling markers.Relevant articles published up to December 2022 were identified through a search of the PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Embase databases.The search used keywords including“inflammatory bowel disease”,“medicinal plants”,“natural molecules”,“anti-inflammatory”,and“ulcerative colitis”,and identified 1,878 potentially relevant articles,of which 89 were included in this review after completion of the selection process.This study provides preclinical data on natural products(NPs)that can potentially treat IBD,including ulcerative colitis.The main actions of these NPs relate to their effects on nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κβ),the Janus kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)signaling pathway,the regulation of T helper 17/regulatory T cells balance,and oxidative stress.The ability of these NPs to inhibit intestinal inflammation appears to be dependent on lowering levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-17,via the Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)1,NF-κβ-p65,and STAT3 pathways.In addition,NPs were shown to reduce oxidative stress and the severity of ulcerative colitis,as well as increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes.These actions suggest that NPs represent a promising treatment for IBD,and potentially have greater efficacy and safety than current treatments.

关键词： Crohn's disease Inflammation Interleukins Oxidative stress Phytochemicals Ulcerative colitis

Natural sources, biosynthesis, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms of shikimic acid and its derivatives

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第4期13卷 139-147页

作者： Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos Poovathumkal James Antony Monalisa Martins Montalvão Mariana nobre Farias de Franca Varghese Edwin Hillary Stanislaus Antony Ceasar Dan Liu Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design Department of BiosciencesRajagiri College of Social SciencesKalamaserryKochi 683104India Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania Department of MorphologyFederal University of SergipeSão Cristóvão 49100.000SergipeBrazil Nepal Jesuit Society Human Resource Development and Research CentreKathmandu 44600Nepal Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences Federal University of SergipeCampus Prof.João Cardoso NascimentoAracaju 49060.108SergipeBrazil Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department of BiosciencesRajagiri College of Social SciencesKalamaserryKochi 683104India School of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Shikimic acid is a hydroaromatic compound possessing critical biological properties,such as antibacterial and antiviral activity.This review mainly focused on shikimic acid and its derivatives.We first briefly introduced the sources of shikimic acid and its derivatives and discussed their biosynthesis.Several in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that shikimic acid and its derivatives exhibit diverse bioactivities,such as antioxidant,antiviral,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,hypolipidemic,bone protective,skin protective,neuroprotective,and antidiabetic activities.We mainly focused on the related molecular mechanisms.Overall,the wide range of bioactivities of shikimic acid and its derivatives indicate that a more detailed exploration of their potential for the prevention and treatment of certain diseases is warranted.

关键词： Natural products Shikimate Ginkgo biloba Neuroprotection Inflammation

Dynamics of Droplets of Biological Fluids on Smooth Superhydrophobic Surfaces under Electrostatic Actuation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第2期13卷 220-234页

作者： Ana Sofia Moita Catarina Laurencia Joana Anastacio Ramos Duarte Miguel Franca Prazeres Antonio Luis nobre Moreira IN+ - Center for Innovation Technology and Policy Research Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal

This study describes the dynamic behaviour of droplets of biological liquids on hydrophobic surfaces under electrostatic actuation, to devise sample handling in lab-on-chip diagnostic tools. Bovine Serum Albumin （BSA） is taken as a representative biomolecule, since it is often used in adsorption studies. Green Fluorescence Protein （GFP） is also considered, given its natural fluorescence. Several effects such as sample concentration and pH are discussed. The results show negligible effects of proteins concentration in electrowetting, although increased concentrations endorse passive adsorption mechanisms, which alter the local wettability of the substrates precluding droplet motion. Bioinspired surfaces promote the largest spreading diameter, which is beneficial for droplet motion. However, surface roughness promotes energy dissipation limiting the receding droplet motion. Hence, the most effective approach is altering the surface chemistry. The coating is applied to a surface with a mean roughness smaller than 20 nm and does not alter significantly the topography, thus leading to the so-called smooth superhydrophobic surface. This coating also reduces passive proteins adsorption, as confirmed by Confocal Microscopy （CM）, which is beneficial for droplet motion. Evaluating absorption spectra of protein solutions evidences an increase in protein concentration ascribed to droplet evaporation as confirmed by theoretical analysis and time resolved infrared visualization.

关键词： bioinspired surfaces biofluids electrostatic actuation hydrophobicity adsorption evaporation

“Love Is Strong, and You＇re so Sweet”： JAGGER Is Essential for Persistent Synergid Degeneration and Polytubey Block in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2016年第4期9卷 601-614页

作者： Ana Marta Pereira Margarida Sofia nobre Sara Cristina Pinto Ana Lucia Lopes Mario Luis Costa Simona Masiero Silvia Coimbra Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal Plant Functional Genomics Group Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BiolSI) 4169-007 Porto Portugal Dipartimento di BioScienze Universita degli Studi di Milano 20133 Milan Italy Present address: Institute of Plant Biology and ZUrich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZUrich Zolikerstrasse 107 8008 Zurich Switzerland

Successful double fertilization and subsequent seed development in flowering plants requires the delivery of two sperm cells, transported by a pollen tube, into the embryo sac of an ovule. The embryo sac cells tightly control synergid cell death, and as a result the polyspermy block. Arabinogalactan proteins are highly glycosylated proteins thought to be involved in several steps of the reproductive process. We show that JAGGER, Arabinogalactan Protein 4, is an important molecule necessary to prevent the growth of multiple pollen tubes into one embryo sac in Arabidopsis thaliana. In jagger, an AGP4 knockout mutant, the pistils show impaired pollen tube blockage as a consequence of the survival of the persistent synergid. JAGGER seems to be involved in the signaling pathway that leads to a blockage of pollen tube attraction. Our results shed light on the mechanism responsible for preventing polyspermy in Arabidopsis and for safe- guarding successful fertilization of all ovules in one pistil, ensuring seed set and the next generation.

关键词： Polytubey persistent synergid arabinogalactan proteins polyspermy

Bubble Dynamics and Heat Transfer on Biphilic Surfaces:Experiments and Numerical Simulation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第4期17卷 809-821页

作者： Pedro Pontes Ricardo Cautela Emanuele Teodori Ana Sofia Moita Anastasios Georgoulas António Luís nobre Moreira Moreira IN+-Center for Innovation Technology and Policy ResearchDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal ASML Holding N.V. De Run 65015504 DRVeldhovenThe Netherlands Department of Exact Sciences and Engineering Portuguese Military AcademyR.Gomes Freire2031169-203 LisboaPortugal Advanced Engineering Centre School of ComputingEngineering and MathematicsCockcroft BuildingLewes RoadUniversity of Brighton BN24GJUK

Wettability is known to play a major role in enhancing pool boiling heat transfer.In this context bioinspired surfaces can bring significant advantages in pool boiling applications.This work addresses a numerical investigation of bubble growth and detachment on a biphilic surface pattern,namely in a superhydrophobic region surrounded by a hydrophilic region.Surface characteristics resemble bioinspired solutions explored in our research group,mainly considering the main topographical characteristics.This numerical approach is intended to provide additional information to an experimental approach,allowing to obtain temperature,pressure and velocity fields in and around the bubble,which help to describe bubble dynamics.The model was validated based on experimental data obtained with extensive image processing of synchronized high-speed video and high-speed thermographic images.The results obtained here clearly evidence that combining enhanced direct numerical simulations with high-resolution transient experimental measurements is a promising tool to describe the complex and intricate hydrodynamic and heat transfer phenomena governing pool boiling on heated biphilic surfaces.

关键词： bioinspired biphilic surfaces bubble dynamics two-phase heat transfer time resolved infrared thermography CFD model

Influence of Tomographic Slice Thickness and Field of View Variation on the Reproduction of Thin Bone Structures for Rapid Prototyping Purposes-An in Vitro Study

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Open Journal of Radiology 2013年第1期3卷 12-25页

作者： Maria Ines Meurer Kivia Pires Souza Aldo von Wangenheim Daniel Duarte Abdala Luis felipe de Souza nobre Eduardo Meurer Jorge Vicente Lopes da Silva Department of Pathology Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil Postgraduate Programme on Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology Health Sciences CenterFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil Brazilian Institute for Digital Convergence Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil Department of Computer Sciences Federal University of UberlandiaUberlandiaBrazil Department of Clinical Medicine Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Homero de Miranda Gomes Regional HospitalSao JoseBrazil Renato Archer Center for Information Technology CampinasBrazil

This study assessed the influence of acquisition parameters of tomographic volumes on the reproduction of thin bone structures for rapid prototyping purposes. Two parameters were investigated: Field of View (FOV) and Slice Thickness (ST). The specimen was comprised of five pairs of 0.6 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm and 2.8 mm thick cortical bone plates. The plates were stuck into utility wax;the first plate of the pair was in vertical position while the second plate was oblique to the first one. Forty-five tomographic images were captured and separated into 3 groups of fifteen images. Each group had a specific FOV: 180 mm;250 mm and 430 mm, respectively. Within each of these three groups, tomographic slice thickness was varied for every five of the fifteen slices. Acquisitions were carried out with STs of 1 mm, 2.5 mm and 5 mm. The Cyclops Medical Station software was used in the voxel-to-voxel analysis of radiologic density, reaching a total of 1350 assessed images. ST and FOV variation influenced the reproduction of thin bone walls, and FOV was shown to be a very important parameter. The larger the acquisition FOV, the more reduction in the number of voxels within the range of reconstruction for cortical bone in all of the bone plates. The visual analysis of the images of very thin bone walls showed that there could be a sharp drop in the radiologic density value in several adjacent voxels, resulting in areas which might not be reproduced in the reconstruction.

关键词： Computed Tomography Rapid Prototyping Medical Rapid Prototyping Model

Increased inspiratory esophagogastric junction pressure in systemic sclerosis:An add-on to antireflux barrier

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第7期21卷 2067-2072页

作者： Miguel ngelo nobre e Souza Patrícia Carvalho Bezerra Rivianny Arrais nobre Esther Studart da Fonseca Holanda Armênio Aguiar dos Santos Department of Clinical Medicine Federal University of Ceará Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Ceará

AIM:To investigate crural diaphragm(CD)function in systemic sclerosis(SSc)using high-resolution manometryand standardized inspiratory maneuvers.METHODS:Eight SSc volunteers(average age,40.1years;one male)and 13 controls(average age,32.2years;six males)participated in the study.A highresolution manometry/impedance system measured the esophagus and esophagogastric junction(EGJ)pressure profile during swallows and two respiratory maneuvers:sinus arrhythmia maneuver(SAM;the average of six EGJ peak pressures during 5-s deep inhalations)and threshold maneuver(TM;the EGJ peak pressures during forced inhalation under 12 and 24 cm H2O loads).Inspiratory diaphragm lowering(IDL)was taken as the displacement of the EGJ high-pressure zone during the SAM.RESULTS:SSc patients had lower mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure than controls during normal breathing(19.7±2.8 mm Hg vs 32.2±2.7 mm Hg,P=0.007).Sinus arrhythmia maneuver pressure was higher in SSc patients than in controls(142.6±9.4 mm Hg vs 104.6±13.8 mm Hg,P=0.019).Sinus arrhythmia maneuver pressure normalized to IDL was also higher in SSc patients than in controls(83.8±13.4 mm Hg vs37.5±6.9 mm Hg,P=0.005).Threshold maneuver pressures normalized to IDL were also greater in SSc patients than in controls(TM 12 cm H2O:85.1±16.4mm Hg vs 43.9±6.3 mm Hg,P=0.039;TM 24 cm H2O:85.2±16.4 mm Hg vs 46.2±6.6 mm Hg,P=0.065).Inspiratory diaphragm lowering in SSc patients was less than in controls(2.1±0.3 cm vs 3±0.2 cm,P=0.011).CONCLUSION:SSc patients had increased inspiratory EGJ pressure.This is an add-on to EGJ pressure and indicates that the antireflux barrier can be trained.

关键词： Systemic sclerosis Crural diaphragm Gastroesophage