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A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 33-40页

作者： Diana Marcela Cuesta Parra felipe Correa Mahecha Andrés felipe Rubio Pinzon Davidcamilo Ramirez Bustos leonel Alveyro Teran llorente Miguel Fernando Jimenez Jimenez Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Chemical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia Mecanical Engineering Department Fundacion Universidad de AmericaBogota 117111Colombia

Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach *** studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 1o *** study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-l prototype and identified the optimal operating *** were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm^(2) at the laboratory scale and 1865.0 cm^(2) at the prototype scale.A design for experiments with different operating times,chloride concentrations,and electric current intensities was *** optimal operating time,sodium chloride concentration,and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min,150 g of chloride per liter,and 3 A,respectively,leading to the production of 5.02 g/l of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of Cl_(2) per *** the prototype scale,the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min,a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter,and a current intensity of 70 A,reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of Cl_(2) per *** addition,this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration,current intensity,and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales,and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical *** 22-l prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.

关键词： Disinfection Electrolysis Energy efficiency Optimization Sodium hypochlorite

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors protect tissues via cellular and mitochondrial pathways:Experimental and clinical evidence

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 46-52页

作者： Raúl lelio Sanz Sebastián García Menéndez felipe Inserra leon Ferder Walter Manucha Department of Pathology Facultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversidad Nacional de CuyoMendoza 5500Argentina Department of Pharmacology Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de CuyoCentro Científico TecnológicoMendoza 5500Argentina Department of Nephrology Universidad de MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405Argentina Department of Cardiology Universidad de MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405Argentina

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in metabolic syndrome and *** dysfunction promotes the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which cause oxidative stress and *** II,the main mediator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,also contributes to CVD by promoting ROS *** activity of sirtuins(SIRTs),a family of proteins that regulate cellular metabolism,also worsens oxidative *** of energy production by mitochondria is a common feature of all metabolic *** SIRT levels and 5’adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling stimulate hypoxia-inducible factor 1 beta,which promotes ***,in turn,increases autophagy and mitophagy,processes that clear cells of debris and protect against *** cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGlT2i),a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes,have a beneficial effect on these *** clinical trials have shown that SGlT2i improves cardiac function and reduces the rate of cardiovascular and renal ***2i also increase mitochondrial efficiency,reduce oxidative stress and inflammation,and strengthen *** findings suggest that SGlT2i hold great potential for the treatment of ***,they are proposed as anti-aging drugs;however,rigorous research is needed to validate these preliminary findings.

关键词： Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors Cardiovascular diseases Sirtuins Oxidative stress Inflammation Mitochondrial dysfunction

Management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer:Is it time to reach an Agreement?

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 472-477页

作者： Sigfredo E Romero-Zoghbi Fernando lópez-Campos felipe Couñago Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCareTalavera de la Reina 45600ToledoSpain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Ramón Y CajalMadrid 28034Spain Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare-Hospital Universitario Vithas Madrid La MilagrosaMadrid 28010Spain

In this editorial,we proceed to comment on the article by Chua et al,addressing the management of metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes(mllN)in stage II/III rectal cancer patients below the peritoneal *** treatment of this nodal area sparks significant controversy due to the strategic differences followed by Eastern and Western physicians,albeit with a higher degree of convergence in recent *** dissection of lateral pelvic lymph nodes without neoadjuvant therapy is a standard practice in Eastern *** contrast,in the West,preference leans towards opting for neoadjuvant therapy with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy,that would cover the treatment of this area without the need to add the dissection of these nodes to the total mesorectal *** the presence of high-risk nodal characteristics for mllN related to radiological imaging and lack of response to neoadjuvant therapy,the risk of lateral local recurrence increases,suggesting the appropriate selection of strategies to reduce the risk of recurrence in each patient *** the heterogeneous and retrospective nature of studies addressing this area,an international consensus is necessary to approach this clinical scenario uniformly.

关键词： Rectal cancer lateral pelvic lymph node metastases Pelvic lymph node dissection Total neoadjuvant therapy Selective management of the lateral pelvic nodes Prophylactic management of the lateral pelvic nodes Chemoradiotherapy Total mesorectal excision

Neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer: Where we are and where we are going

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第7期15卷 790-795页

作者： Elísabet González Del Portillo felipe Couñago Fernando lópez-Campos Department of Radiation Oncología Hospital Universitario La PazMadrid 28046Spain Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare MadridMadrid 28010Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital Universitario Ramón Y CajalMadrid 28034Spain

locally advanced rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach based on total neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy(RT)and chemotherapy(ChT),followed by deferred ***,alternatives to the standard total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT)are being explored,such as new ChT regimens or the introduction of *** standard TNT,up to a third of patients may achieve a complete pathological response(CPR),potentially avoiding ***,as of now,we lack predictive markers of response that would allow us to define criteria for a conservative organ *** presence of muta-tions,genes,or new imaging tests is helping to define these *** example of this is the diffusion coefficient in the diffusion-weighted sequence of magnetic resonance imaging and the integration of this imaging technique into RT *** allows for the monitoring of the evolution of this coefficient over successive RT sessions,helping to determine which patients will achieve CPR or those who may require intensification of neoadjuvant therapy.

关键词： locally advanced rectal cancer Total neoadyuvant treatment Radiotherapy Biomarker Magnetic resonance imaging Conservative organ strategy Watch and wait

Debaryomyces hansenii supplementation in low fish meal diets promotes growth,modulates microbiota and enhances intestinal condition in juvenile marine fish

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 253-276页

作者： Ignasi Sanahuja Alberto Ruiz Joana P.Firmino felipe E.Reyes-lópez Juan B.Ortiz-Delgado Eva Vallejos-Vidal lluis Tort Dariel Tovar-Ramírez Isabel M.Cerezo Miguel A.Moriñigo Carmen Sarasquete Enric Gisbert Aquaculture Program Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology(IRTA)La Rapita 43540Spain Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucia(ICMAN-CSIC) Avda.Republica Saharaui no 2Campus Universitario Rio San PedroPuerto RealCadiz 11510Spain Nucleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y AgronomiaUniversidad de Las AmericasSantiagoChile Department of Cell Biology Physiologyand ImmunologyUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste SC CIBNORLa PazMexico Department of Microbiology Instituto de Biotecnologia Y Desarrollo Azul(IBYDA)Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Malaga29010 MalagaSpain SCBI Bioinformatic UnitUniversity of Malaga29590 MalagaSpain

Background The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-being of farmed *** hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i)promote cell proliferation and differen-tiation,ii)have immunostimulatory effects,iii)modulate gut microbiota,and/or iv)enhance the digestive *** provide inside into the effects of *** on juveniles of gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)condition,we inte-grated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition,through histological and microbiota state,and its transcriptomic *** After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal(7%)was supplemented with 1.1%of ***(17.2×10^(5) CFU),an increase of ca.12%in somatic growth was observed together with an improve-ment in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented *** terms of intestinal condition,this probiotic modu-lated gut microbiota without affecting the intestine cell organization,whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in goblet *** in microbiota were characterized by the reduction in abundance of several groups of Proteobacteria,especially those characterized as opportunistic *** microarrays-based transcrip-tomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of ***,that were mostly related to metabolic,antioxidant,immune,and symbiotic *** Dietary administration of *** enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency param-eters,results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools *** probiotic ye

关键词： Debaryomyces hansenii Intestine condition low fish meal diet Microbiota Transcriptomics Yeast probiotic

Broad Hormonal Responses Induced by Aluminum in Roots of Dwarf Transgenics of Solanum lycopersicum l. cv “Micro-Tom”

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 349-358页

作者： Arthur B. Rates Daniela Boanares Daniele S. G. Pianetti felipe Della-Torre Joni E. lima Marcel G. C. França Department of Botany and Plant Physiology laboratory Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

The spatial pattern distribution of plant hormones in response to aluminum (Al) toxicity in roots remains to be shown. This study was performed to assess the root hormonal accumulation and gene expression in response to Al toxicity in five transgenic miniature dwarf tomatoes cv. Micro-Tom (MT). MT and MT transgenics to acid indole acetic, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid and ethylene were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing different Al concentrations. Root growth elongation was measured and cellular damage was visualized by staining Evans’s blue. The GUS reporter gene staining technique was used to visualize hormonal changes in MT apex root tissues. Data indicated that the MT is sensitive to Al that induced significant growth inhibition and cellular damage. Al concentration of 27 μM was significantly toxic, inducing root apex darkening and inhibition of root development. The qualitative evaluation of GUS reporter gene expression showed intense crosstalk among all hormones studied, underscoring the complexity of signaling induced by Al in apex roots. Results point out to a major understanding of the hormonal signaling in response to Al toxicity, which may induce a change of root growth and architecture with growth inhibition and cell constraints modulated by all different hormones evaluated.

关键词： Gene Reporter Metal Plant Hormones Root Staining

On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs Pál Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic N-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of *** events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic *** of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto *** are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback *** as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological *** is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network *** events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic *** synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic *** addition,slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory *** note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward *** greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological *** inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural *** inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal *** events are related to epilepsy,but also found in Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive *** with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,N-methyl-Dasp

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gliotransmission glutamate neural synchronization NMDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

On calculating glacial isostatic adjustment

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.M.Cathles Cornell University IthacaNY 14853USA

Modeling the earth's fluid and elastic response to the melting of the glaciers of the last ice age is the most direct way to infer the earth's radial viscosity ***,we compare two methods for calculating the viscoelastic response to surface *** one,the elastic equation of motion is converted to a viscoelastic equation using the Correspondence *** the other,elastic deformation is added to the viscous flow as isostatic adjustment *** two modeling methods predict adjustment histories that are different enough to potentially impact the interpretation of the observed glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).The differences arise from buoyancy and whether fluid displacements are subjected to hydrostatic *** methods agree if they use the same equations and boundary *** origin of the differences is determined by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress application.

关键词： Glacial isostatic adjustment Viscoelastic normal modes Hydrostatic pre-stress Elastic buoyancy Correspondence principle

Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.Y.Morassuti A.P.l Silva l.A.O.Nunes S.M.lima l.H.C.Andrade Optical and Photothermal Spectroscopy Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics of São Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)emission,which has been little explored in the ***,the present work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the Nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Optical thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths