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Insights into the kinetics–morphology relationship of 1-, 2-, and 3D TiNb_(2)O_(7) anodes for Li-ion storage

Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2770-2780页

作者： Wenlei Xu Yaolin Xu Veronika Grzimek Andrea Martin Thorsten Schultz Patrícia ARusso Yan Lu Norbert koch Nicola Pinna Department of Chemistry IRIS Adlershof and the Center for the Science of Materials BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Department of Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieHahn-Meitner-Platz 114109 BerlinGermany Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Joint Research Group of Molecular Systems Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie12489 BerlinGermany

Understanding the influence of electrode material’s morphology on electrochemical behavior is of great significance for the development of rechargeable batteries,however,such studies are often limited by the inability to precisely control the morphology of electrode ***,nanostructured titanium niobium oxides(TiNb_(2)O_(7))with three different morphologies(one-dimensional(1D),two-dimensional(2D),and three-dimensional(3D))were synthesized via a facile microwave-assisted solvothermal *** influence of the morphological dimension of TiNb_(2)O_(7) as electrode material on the electrochemical performance in Li-ion batteries(LIBs)and the underlying correlation with the electrochemical kinetics were studied in detail.2D TiNb_(2)O_(7)(TNO-2D)shows a superior rate capability and cycling stability,associated with improved kinetics for charge transfer and Li-ion diffusion,compared to the 1D and 3D *** X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the structural stability and crystallographic evolution of TNO-2D upon lithiation and delithiation and correlate the Li-ion diffusion kinetics with the lattice evolution during battery charge and ***,carbon-coated TNO-2D achieves enhanced rate capability(205 mAh·g^(-1) at 50 C)and long-term cycling stability(87%after 1000 cycles at 5 C).This work provides insights into the rational morphology design of electrode materials for accelerated charge transfer and enhanced fast-charging capability,pushing forward the development of electrode materials for high-power rechargeable batteries in future energy storage.

关键词： morphological dimension electrochemical kinetics lithium-ion batteries TiNb_(2)O_(7) structural evolution

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Ecology of Upland Rice Plants and Seeds Subjected to Growth Regulator

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 60-73页

作者： felipe koch Manoela Andrade Monteiro Joao Roberto Pimentel Cristian Troyjack Itala Thaisa Padilha Dubal Eduardo Goncalves Borges Vinícius Jardel Szareski Gustavo Henrique Demari Lanes Beatriz Acosta Jaques Ivan Ricardo Carvalho Francisco Amaral Villela Tiago Pedó Tiago Zanatta Aumonde Federal University of Pelotas Capao do LeaoBrazil

The objective of this work is to verify the influence of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl on plant growth and physiological quality of upland rice seeds. We used an upland rice genotype, and the growth regulator was the trinexapac-ethyl. The experiment was completely randomized in a 4 × 8 factorial design related to four concentrations of the plant regulator trinexapac-ethyl [0 (without growth regulator), 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 L c.p. ha-1] and 7 plant collection times [14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 days after emergence (DAE)], with four replicates. To determine growth attributes, we evaluated total dry matter, dry matter production rate, relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, leaf matter, leaf area index, solar energy conversion efficiency and partition of assimilates. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated based on germination, first germination count, field emergence, emergence speed index and seedling dry matter. Plant growth was affected by the growth regulator. Total dry matter, dry matter production rate and solar energy conversion efficiency decreased, while leaf area index, leaf area ratio and leaf matter increased due to the effects of the growth regulator. The dry matter partition of plants changed in plants subjected to the growth regulator, with a delay in the targeting of assimilates to reproductive organs and a greater allocation to roots at the end of the cycle in plants subjected to the doses 0.50 and 0.75 L·ha-1 of growth regulator. Seed vigor was adversely affected by the growth regulator.

关键词： Oryza sativa L. Trinexapac-Ethyl Leaf Area Dry Matter Seed Vigor

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Nitrogen Fertilization on Maize Sowing:Plant Growth and Seed Vigor

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 83-97页

作者： Cristian Troyjack Joao Roberto Pimentel Itala Thaísa Dubal Padilha Ruddy Alvaro Veliz Escalera Lanes Beatriz Acosta Jaques felipe koch Manoela Andrade Monteiro Gustavo Henrique Demari Vinicius Jardel Szareski Ivan Ricardo Carvalho Luis Osmar Braga Schuch Tiago Zanatta Aumonde Tiago Pedó Federal University of Pelotas Capao do LeaoBrazil

The management of fertilization in maize plants is a preponderant factor in the search for higher yields and obtaining quality seeds. In this sense, the study of nitrogen (N) management is predominant in improving the efficiency of its application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, partition assimilation and vigor expression of maize seeds submitted at different doses of nitrogen applied at sowing. The treatments were constituted by different doses of nitrogen fertilization at sowing, being: 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended dose for the crop, according to the recommendation of nitrogen fertilization. The plants were collected at regular intervals of 21 days after sowing until the end of the growth cycle. For the analysis of growth and partition of dry matter between the organs, the accumulation of dry matter and leaf area was measured. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 4 × 7 factorial scheme (four N rates at sowing and seven collection times with three replications). The maize plants under the influence of nitrogen fertilization at sowing presented differential growth and distinct responses in the assimilated partition between their structures, with the intensity dependent on the dose used. Plants grown using 75% of the recommended dose of N at sowing had a higher relative growth rate, with more pronounced effects compared to the other doses. The expression of maize seed vigor increases to an increase of 82.5% N at sowing.

关键词： Emergence Speed Net Assimilation Rates Relative Growth Rates Zea mays L. Vigor

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Gate-controlled supercurrent effect in dry-etched Dayem bridges of non-centrosymmetric niobium rhenium

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6575-6581页

作者： Jennifer koch Carla Cirillo Sebastiano Battisti Leon Ruf Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki Alessandro Paghi Armen Gulian Serafim Teknowijoyo Giorgio De Simoni Francesco Giazotto Carmine Attanasio Elke Scheer Angelo Di Bernardo Department of Physics University of KonstanzUniversitätsstraße 1078464 KonstanzGermany CNR-Spin c/o Universitàdegli Studi di Salernovia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza San Silvestro 1256127 PisaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica“E.R.Caianiello” Universitàdegli Studi di SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy Advanced Physics Laboratory Institute for Quantum StudiesChapman UniversityBurtonsvilleMD 20866USA

The application of a gate voltage to control the superconducting current flowing through a nanoscale superconducting constriction,named as gate-controlled supercurrent(GCS),has raised great interest for fundamental and technological *** gain a deeper understanding of this effect and develop superconducting technologies based on it,the material and physical parameters crucial for the GCS effect must be ***-down fabrication protocols should also be optimized to increase device scalability,although studies suggest that top-down fabricated devices are more resilient to show a ***,we investigate gated superconducting nanobridges made with a top-down fabrication process from thin films of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor niobium rhenium with varying ratios of the constituents(NbRe).Unlike other devices previously reported and made with a top-down approach,our NbRe devices systematically exhibit a GCS effect when they were fabricated from NbRe thin films with small grain size and etched in specific *** observations pave the way for the realization of top-down-made GCS devices with high *** results also imply that physical parameters like structural disorder and surface physical properties of the nanobridges,which can be in turn modified by the fabrication process,are crucial for a GCS observation,providing therefore also important insights into the physics underlying the GCS effect.

关键词： superconductivity non-centrosymmetric superconductors superconducting devices gated devices gate-controlled supercurrent top-down fabrication

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摩天大楼的公共性——范德比尔特一号大楼

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当代建筑 2024年第4期 96-105页

作者：无 Raimund koch(摄影) Michael Moran/OTTO(摄影) Evan Joseph Studios(摄影) KPF建筑设计事务所

范德比尔特一号大楼改变了大中央区的公众体验,成为纽约市的门户,每天迎接成千上万的通勤者。该项目为城市最大的交通枢纽之一——纽约中央车站(以下简称“大中央车站”)引入了新的可通行路径,比任何其他建筑能更好地融入城市的公共交... 详细信息

范德比尔特一号大楼改变了大中央区的公众体验,成为纽约市的门户,每天迎接成千上万的通勤者。该项目为城市最大的交通枢纽之一——纽约中央车站(以下简称“大中央车站”)引入了新的可通行路径,比任何其他建筑能更好地融入城市的公共交通网络,实现了私人企业和公共领域的结合。一个复杂的地下结构连接了大中央车站、东侧通道项目和纽约地铁。一个优雅的城市基座,包括一个活跃的行人广场和综合交通大厅,使这个项目成为21世纪洛克菲勒中心的继承者。

关键词：办公楼以公共交通为导向开发低碳足迹超高层公私合作开发

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Special materials in pyrotechnics Ⅶ: Pyrotechnics used in thermal batteries

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第3期15卷 254-263页

作者： Ernst-Christian koch Lutradyn Energetic Materials Science & Technology

Thermal batteries are unique direct current(DC) electrical power sources with long shelf live, high reliability and higher power density than classical alkaline batteries. This paper gives a brief overview into the working principle of thermal batteries and reviews the properties of zirconium/barium chromate(Zr/BaCrO4) pyrolant previously used as first fire and iron/potassium perchlorate(Fe/KClO4) pyrolant(Heat), commonly applied as heating pellet in thermal batteries and its hazard properties. The review gives 64 references to the public domain. CAS-Nos. Zr: [7440-67-7], BaCrO4: [10294-40-3], Fe: [7439-89-6], KClO4: [7778-74-7], Viton: [9011-17-0].CAS-Nos. Zr: [7440-67-7], BaCrO4: [10294-40-3], Fe: [7439-89-6], KClO4: [7778-74-7], Viton: [9011-17-0].

关键词： Barium chromate Heat-powder Iron Lithium Molten salt Potassium perchlorate Pyrotechnics Thermal battery Zirconium

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Insensitive high explosives:Ⅳ. Nitroguanidine-Initiation & detonation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 467-487页

作者： Ernst-Christian koch Lutradyn-Energetic Materials

This paper reviews the detonative properties of low bulk density(LBD),high bulk density(HBD)Nitroguanidine(NGu)(1),CAS-No:[556-88-7]and 82 explosive formulations based on NGu reported in the public *** rank the performance of those formulations they are compared with 15 reference compositions containing both standard high explosives such as octogen(HMX)(2),hexogen(RDX)(3),pentaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN)(4),2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)(5)as well as insensitive high explosives such as 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazolone(NTO)(6),1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene(TATB)(7),1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene(FOX-7)(8)and N-Guanylurea dinitramide(FOX 12)(9).NGu based formulations are superior to those based on FOX-12 or TATB and are a close match with FOX-7 based explosives,the latter just having higher Gurney Energies(-10%)and slightly higher detonation pressure(+2%).NGu based explosives even reach up to 78% of the detonation pressure,82% Gurney energy and up to 95% of detonation velocity of ***-NGu dissolves in many melt cast eutectics forming dense charges thereby eliminating the need for costly High Bulk Density *** based formulations are at the rock bottom of sensitiveness among all the above-mentioned explosives which contributes to the safety of these *** review gives 132 references to the public *** a review on the synthesis spectroscopy and sensitiveness of Nitroguanidine see Ref.[1].

关键词： Cook-off Detonation Insensitive munitions Nitroguanidine Shock sensitvity

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EndoN treatment allows neuroblasts to leave the rostral migratory stream and migrate towards a lesion within the prefrontal cortex of rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1740-1747页

作者： Jannis Gundelach Michael koch Department of Neuropharmacology Center for Cognitive Sciences University of Bremen

The binding properties of neural cell adhesion molecule are modulated by a polysialic acid moiety. This plays an important role in the migration of adult born neuroblasts from their area of origin, the subventricular zone, towards the olfactory bulb. Polysialisation increases the migration speed of the cells and helps to prevent the neuroblasts from leaving their migration route, the rostral migratory stream. Here, we evaluated the potential of intraventricular application of endoneuraminidase-N, an enzyme that specifically cleaves polysialic acid from neural cell adhesion molecule, in a rat model for structural prefrontal cortex damage. As expected, endoneuraminidase-N caused the rostral migratory stream to become wider, with a less uniform cellular orientation. Furthermore, endoneuraminidase-N treatment caused the neuroblasts to leave the rostral migratory stream and migrate towards the lesioned tissue. Despite the neuroblasts not being differentiated into neurons after a survival time of three weeks, this technique provides a solid animal model for future work on the migration and differentiation of relocated neuroblasts and might provide a basis for a future endogenous stem cell-based therapy for structural brain damage. The experiments were approved by the local animal care committee(522-27-11/02-00, 115;Senatorin für Wissenschaft, Gesundheit und Verbraucherschutz, Bremen, Germany) on February 10, 2016.

关键词： endogenous stem cells endoneuraminidase neural cell adhesion molecule neuroblast migration olfactory bulb polisialic acid structural brain damage subventricular zone

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A multichannel neural signal detecting module:Its design and test in animal experiments

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第6期17卷 675-680页

作者： K.P.koch Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering 66386 St.Ingbert Germany

A four-channel neural signal detecting module with an implantable 12-contact cuff electrode was designed for real-time neural signal recording on peripheral and central nerves. The mathematic coupling model between nerve and electronic system was analyzed. Electrode connection configurations were considered. The detecting circuit included an input coupling network, a pre-amplifier, and some filtering and notching stages. Shield guarding and the right-leg-driven circuit were developed for further elimination of common mode interference. By electrode switches, the module could cooperate with a nerve functional electrical stimulation circuit, building a neural channel bridge-connection system. It was tested by recording experiments on rat’s sciatic and spine nerves. The signals in spontaneous and evoked conditions have been captured successfully. In addition, an implantable neural signal detecting CMOS IC has been introduced.

关键词： Cuff electrode quasi-tripolar configuration neural signal recording neural channel bridge-connection.

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Generation of a long-term daily gridded precipitation dataset for the rTjSj-Upper Indus Basin(UIB)through temporal Reconstruction,Correction I sag&Informed Regionalization-“ReCIR”

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第3期9卷 445-460页

作者： Asim Jahangir Khan Manfred koch Department of Geohydraulics and Engineering Hydrology University of Kassel34125KasselGermany

This study attempted to generate a long-term(1961-2010)daily gridded precipitation dataset for the Upper Indus Basin(UIB)with orographic adjustments so as to generate realistic precipitation estimates,enabling hydrological and water resource investigations that can close the water balance,that is difficult,if not impossible to achieve with the currently available precipitation data products for the *** procedure includes temporal reconstruction of precipitation series at points where data were not recorded prior to the mid-nineties,followed by a regionalization of the precipitation series to a smaller scale across the basin(0.125°x 0.125°),while introducing adjustments for the orographic effect and changes in glacier *** reconstruction process involves interpolation of the precipitation at virtual locations of the current(1995-)dense observational network,followed by corrections for frequency and intensity and adjustments for temporal trends at these virtual *** data generated in this way were further validated for temporal and spatial representativeness through evaluation of SWAT-modelled streamflow responses against observed flows across the *** results show that the calibrated SWAT-simulated daily discharge at the basin outlet as well as at different sub-basin outlets,when forcing the model with the reconstructed precipitation of years 1973—1996,is almost identical to that when forcing it with the reference precipitation data(1997-2008).Finally,the spatial distribution pattern of the reconstructed(1961—1996)and reference(1997—2008)precipitation were also found consistent across the UIB,reflecting well the large-scale atmospheric-circulation pattern in the region.

关键词： Precipitation Temporal reconstruction Orographic correction factor(OCF) Soil and water assessment tool(SWAT) Glacier/water mass balance Upper indus basin(UIB)

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