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Human impact on current environmental state in Chinese lakes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 297-307页

作者： Qianhong Wang Yun Li Le Liu Suzhen Cui Xia Liu feizhou chen Erik Jeppesen State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research(SDC) Beijing 100049China Department of Ecoscience Aarhus UniversitySilkeborg 8600Denmark Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and ImplementationMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersinTurkey

Anthropogenic and natural disturbance to inland aquatic ecosystems displays a notable spatial difference, yet data to measure these differences are scarce. This study encompasses 217 lakes distributed over five lake regions of China and elucidates the environmental factors determining the spatial variability of the water quality and trophic status. A significant correlation between human modification index in surrounding terrestrial systems(HMT)and trophic status of lake ecosystems(TSI) was found, and the regression slope in each region was similar except in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region. It was further noted that the pattern of environmental factor network(EF network) differed among freshwater and saline lakes. The EF network was complex for freshwater lakes in less human-influenced areas, but intensive man-made influence disrupted most relationships except for those between total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and water turbidity. As for regions including saline lakes, correlations among water salinity and organic forms of carbon and nitrogen were apparent. Our results suggest that HMT and EF network can be useful indicators of the ecological integrity of local lake ecosystems, and integrating spatial information on a large scale provides conservation planners the option for evaluating the potential risk on inland aquatic systems.

关键词： Anthropogenic impact Trophic state Lake Spatial patterns Environmental management

Mechanism and control of lake eutrophication

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第19期51卷 2401-2412页

作者： QIN Boqiang YANG Liuyan chen feizhou ZHU Guangwei ZHANG Lu chen Yiyu Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China College of Environmental Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085 China

A review about lake naturally eutrophi- cating, the internal loading of nutrients from lake sediment as well as the mechanism of algal blooms and the control practices was made, especially the eutrophication problem of shallow lakes since sev- enty percent of fresh water lakes in China are shallow lakes. It was found that shallow lakes are apt toward eutrophication than deep lakes. Without any influ- ences of human activity, shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River are still easily eutrophicated, which may be owing to the effects of flood in this area. In shallow lakes, sediments are frequently disturbed by wind-wave and resuspended, which result in huge nutrients release to overlying water. This may be the major reason for higher in- ternal loading of nutrients in shallow lakes than in deep lakes. Algal bloom is an extreme response of lake ecosystem to the eutrophication. Appearance of algal blooms is related to physical condition of lakes, such as underwater radiation (or transparency), temperature, and hydrodynamic conditions, or related to geochemical conditions of lakes, like concentra- tions of nutrients and ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, as well as the physiological advantage of cyanobac- teria such as vacuole for moving towards the radiant energy-rich zone and the mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) for resisting the harm of ultraviolet ra- diation. In shallow lakes, these advantages of cyanobacteria are favorable in the competition than in deep lakes. Also being the shallowness, it is more difficult to reduce nutrient loading and to control algae blooms in shallow lakes. For the control of eutrophi- cation, people should follow the sequence from pollution sources control, ecological restoration tocatchment management. To control the internal nu- trient release, physical, chemical, biological tech- niques, and even bionic techniques could be selected. The idea of ecological restoration for a eutrophic lake is to shift the ecosystem fr

关键词：湖泊超营养作用负载控制生态恢复

Stocks and dynamics of particulate and dissolved organic matter in a large, shallow eutrophic lake(Taihu, China) with dense cyanobacterial blooms

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第3期36卷 738-749页

作者： SHI Limei HUANG Yaxin LU Yaping chen feizhou ZHANG Min YU Yang KONG Fanxiang I State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Biological Experiment Teaching Center College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Cyanobacterial blooms occur in eutrophic lakes worldwide, and greatly impair these ecosystems. To explore influences of cyanobacterial blooms on dynamics of both particulate organic matter(POM) and dissolved organic matter(DOM), which are at the base of the food chain, an investigation was conducted from December 2014 to November 2015 that included various stages of the seasonal cyanobacterial blooms(dominated by M icrocystis) in a large-shallow eutrophic Chinese lake(Taihu Lake). Data from eight sites of the lake are compiled into a representative seasonal cycle to assess general patterns of POM and DOM dynamics. Compared to December, 5-fold and 3.5-fold increases were observed in July for particulate organic carbon(POC, 3.05–15.37 mg/L) and dissolved organic carbon(DOC, 5.48–19.25 mg/L), respectively, with chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentrations varying from 8.2 to 97.7 μg/L. Approximately 40% to 76% of total organic carbon was partitioned into DOC. All C, N, and P in POM and DOC were significantly correlated with Chl a. POC:Chl a ratios were low, whereas proportions of the estimated phytoplankton-derived organic matter in total POM were high during bloom seasons. These results suggested that contributions of cyanobacterial blooms to POM and DOC varied seasonally. Seasonal average C:P ratios in POM and DOM varied from 79 to 187 and 299 to 2 175, respectively. Both peaked in July and then sharply decreased. Redundancy analysis revealed that Chl a explained most of the variations of C:N:P ratios in POM, whereas temperature was the most explanatory factor for DOM. These findings suggest that dense cyanobacterial blooms caused both C-rich POM and DOM, thereby providing clues for understanding their influence on ecosystems.

关键词： stoichiometry phytoplankton blooms eutrophic lake

不同碳磷比的斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)对同型溞(Daphnia similis)生长和繁殖的影响

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湖泊科学 2017年第5期29卷 1188-1194页

作者：张慧蔡敏陈非洲中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

食物质量会影响浮游动物的生长和繁殖,表征食物质量的指标包括食物大小、元素比、生物化学组成和毒性有无等.用斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)的碳磷比(C/P)表征食物质量,分析不同C/P斜生栅藻对同型溞(Daphnia similis)生长和繁殖的影... 详细信息

食物质量会影响浮游动物的生长和繁殖,表征食物质量的指标包括食物大小、元素比、生物化学组成和毒性有无等.用斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)的碳磷比(C/P)表征食物质量,分析不同C/P斜生栅藻对同型溞(Daphnia similis)生长和繁殖的影响.研究中4个处理组斜生栅藻C/P分别为881.8、512.3、124.3和42.4.培养9 d后不同处理组同型溞的生长速率分别为0.15、0.27、0.47和0.44 d-1.C/P比为881.8的处理组同型溞在整个培养过程中没有产仔,其余3个处理组的同型溞第1成龄期的产仔量分别为1.2±1.3、9.8±2.3和9.5±2.5 ind./female.结果表明,与斜生栅藻C/P为124.3处理条件相比,斜生栅藻C/P过高(512.3和881.8)及C/P过低(42.4)处理条件下同型溞生长速率和产仔量均降低.本研究表明食物C/P的高低会影响溞的生长和繁殖,从而影响其在湖泊中的生存.

关键词：碳磷比斜生栅藻同型溞体长生长速率繁殖

南京市5座中型水库浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

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湖泊科学 2017年第1期29卷 216-223页

作者：王文侠陈非洲谷孝鸿中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

于2010年5月—2011年2月,对南京市5座中型湖泊型水库浮游动物群落结构进行每季度一次的调查采样,同时测定总氮、总磷、透明度等理化因子及浮游植物等生物因子.共鉴定到浮游动物17科28属,优势种为盔形溞(Daphnia galeata)、象鼻溞(Bosmin... 详细信息

于2010年5月—2011年2月,对南京市5座中型湖泊型水库浮游动物群落结构进行每季度一次的调查采样,同时测定总氮、总磷、透明度等理化因子及浮游植物等生物因子.共鉴定到浮游动物17科28属,优势种为盔形溞(Daphnia galeata)、象鼻溞(Bosmina spp.)、汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii)、多肢轮虫(Trichocerca spp.)、异尾轮虫(Polyarthra spp.)等.5座水库浮游动物年均密度变化范围为72~1401 ind./L,其中河王水库密度显著大于其他水库,而4个季节间浮游动物密度无显著差异.5座水库浮游动物年均生物量变化范围为102~339μg/L,季节间、水库间浮游动物生物量均无显著性差异.浮游动物群落结构与环境因子的典范对应分析表明,影响5座水库浮游动物群落结构的环境因子主要为营养盐、水温、透明度和浮游植物密度.

关键词：南京中型湖泊型水库浮游动物群落环境因子

太湖群体微囊藻对同形溞(Daphnia similis)生长和繁殖影响的模拟

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湖泊科学 2012年第1期24卷 149-155页

作者：戴曦陈非洲中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

富营养湖泊中蓝藻水华对枝角类种群和群落结构有显著的影响,但自然条件下群体微囊藻对大型枝角类溞属不同种类的影响仍存在争议.本研究通过两次为期各10 d的模拟实验,利用过滤后的太湖原水模拟群体微囊藻(20～100μm和100～200μm)添加... 详细信息

富营养湖泊中蓝藻水华对枝角类种群和群落结构有显著的影响,但自然条件下群体微囊藻对大型枝角类溞属不同种类的影响仍存在争议.本研究通过两次为期各10 d的模拟实验,利用过滤后的太湖原水模拟群体微囊藻(20～100μm和100～200μm)添加对大型枝角类同形溞(Daphnia similis)种群特征的影响,结果显示两次实验的同形溞均大量存活,不同浓度和颗粒大小的群体微囊藻对其生长和繁殖的影响不同,添加群体微囊藻的同形溞的生长和繁殖显著大于未添加微囊藻的.说明在自然条件下藻毒素对同形溞种群并没有明显的抑制作用,同形溞能够与微囊藻水华共存,其种群特征与微囊藻群体大小组成和生物量有关.

关键词：群体微囊藻藻毒素同形溞种群太湖

太湖夏秋季大型枝角类(Daphnia)种群消失的初步分析

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湖泊科学 2010年第4期22卷 552-556页

作者：李静陈非洲中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

水体温度过高和磷浓度是影响枝角类Daphnia存活和繁殖的重要因子,因此本研究假设太湖夏秋季水体高温和磷浓度是引起Daphnia种群夏秋季消退的原因.通过夏秋季两次为期各15d的模拟实验,模拟高温和添加磷盐对太湖春季优势种同形溞Daphnia s... 详细信息

水体温度过高和磷浓度是影响枝角类Daphnia存活和繁殖的重要因子,因此本研究假设太湖夏秋季水体高温和磷浓度是引起Daphnia种群夏秋季消退的原因.通过夏秋季两次为期各15d的模拟实验,模拟高温和添加磷盐对太湖春季优势种同形溞Daphnia similis种群的影响,结果表明在高温和不添加磷盐的条件下,同形溞均有较高的种群增长率,证实夏秋季太湖水体高温和磷浓度不是限制Daphnia种群的因素,同时推测,鱼类的捕食作用和微囊藻水华对Daphnia种群的消退可能起作用.

关键词：溞种群消退高温磷浓度太湖

沉积物再悬浮对食浮游动物鱼类捕食浮游动物的影响

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湖泊科学 2015年第5期27卷 911-916页

作者：周礼斌陈非洲中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

在亚热带浅水湖泊中,由风浪引起沉积物再悬浮是其重要特征之一.沉积物再悬浮一方面直接影响浮游动物群落结构,另一方面通过影响食浮游动物鱼类对浮游动物的捕食而产生间接影响.以食浮游动物鱼类——餐条(Hemiculter leucisculus)为实验... 详细信息

在亚热带浅水湖泊中,由风浪引起沉积物再悬浮是其重要特征之一.沉积物再悬浮一方面直接影响浮游动物群落结构,另一方面通过影响食浮游动物鱼类对浮游动物的捕食而产生间接影响.以食浮游动物鱼类——餐条(Hemiculter leucisculus)为实验对象,通过模拟实验,比较不同再悬浮条件下餐条对浮游动物群落结构的影响.结果显示,在有餐条的处理组中,大型枝角类短钝溞(Daphnia obtusa)只在弱再悬浮条件下出现,并成为枝角类群落的优势种;在无餐条的处理组中,短钝溞生物量随再悬浮强度减弱而增加.强再悬浮(无餐条)和无再悬浮(有餐条)条件下,小型枝角类角突网纹溞(Ceriodaphnia cornuta)和盘肠溞(Chydorus sp.)为优势种.无论有、无餐条条件下,桡足类优势种均为中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops sp.),其生物量随再悬浮强度减弱而增加.所有处理组中,轮虫丰度均低于枝角类和桡足类丰度.研究表明,在亚热带浅水湖泊中,适当的悬浮质浓度既能干扰食浮游动物鱼类对大型浮游动物的捕食,又不影响大型浮游动物的生存,使得它们保持一定的丰度,通过对浮游植物的摄食,降低叶绿素a浓度.

关键词：沉积物再悬浮浮游动物餐条群落结构亚热带浅水湖泊太湖

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基于径向基函数的残缺点云数据修复

计算机辅助设计与图形学学报 2006年第9期18卷 1414-1419页

作者：陈飞舟陈志杨丁展叶修梓张三元浙江大学计算机学院浙江工业大学软件学院

提出一种具有较强鲁棒性的残缺点云数据修复算法,借助kD tree寻找点云的缺陷边界,确定点云的缺陷区域;然后利用二次曲面的特性参数化边界点列;最后,通过径向基函数表示的插值曲面计算位于残缺区域内部的数据点,实现残缺点云数据的修复.

关键词：点云孔洞修补径向基函数插值曲面参数化