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The relationship between interannual dry/wet changes and nomadic wars in the Hexi Corridor region of China during the period 241–1912 A.D.

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1922-1931页

作者： fei TANG Zhilin SHI Qinhua TIAN Xiaogang DU Yong zhang Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Dunhuang Studies Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Longchanghe Station Gansu Qilian Mountain National Nature ReserveZhangye 734400China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The link between climate and war has long been a topic of great scientific and social *** this study,we investigate the influence of climate on warfare in China’s Hexi Corridor region since 241 *** the superposed epoch analysis of tree-ring data and historical war data,we observe a notable correlation between interannual dry-wet variations and wars instigated by nomadic groups in the Hexi ***,this relationship is dynamic and influenced by the region’s relative *** periods in which the Hexi Corridor was ruled by multiple regimes,wars tended to follow dry climatic conditions,which may be due to the fact that unusual drought during these periods likely heightened competition for resources and ***,during times of regional unity,wars were more likely to occur when climatic conditions were wet because the expansion of rangelands and the accumulation of resources helped fuel the nomads’outward *** findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between war and climate *** gain a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship,continuous,high-resolution historical temperature and humidity datasets with broader and more uniform coverage are needed across multiple *** addition,collecting and examining disaggregated historical war data for regions with distinct characteristics is essential.

关键词： Drought Interannual dry and wet variations War The Hexi Corridor Tree ring Nomadic groups

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Characterization and quantification of multi-field coupling in lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 364-379,I0009页

作者： xue Cai Caiping zhang Zeping Chen Linjing zhang Dirk Uwe Sauer Weihan Li National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Chair for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA)RWTH Aachen UniversityCampus Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Center for Ageing Reliability and Lifetime Prediction of Electrochemical and Power Electronic Systems(CARL)Campus-Boulevard 8952074 AachenGermany Juelich Aachen Research Alliance JARA-EnergyAachenGermany Helmholtz Institute Münster(HI MS) IEK-12Forschungszentrum JülichGermany

The safety and durability of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints depend significantly on electrochemical,thermal,and mechanical fields in *** and quantifying the multi-field coupling behaviors requires interdisciplinary ***,we design experiments under mechanical constraints and introduce an in-situ analytical framework to clarify the complex interaction mechanisms and coupling degrees among multi-physics *** proposed analytical framework integrates the parameterization of equivalent models,in-situ mechanical analysis,and quantitative assessment of coupling *** results indicate that the significant impact of pressure on impedance at low temperatures results from the diffusion-controlled step,enhancing kinetics when external pressure,like 180 to 240 k Pa at 10℃,is *** diversity in control steps for the electrochemical reaction accounts for the varying impact of pressure on battery performance across different *** thermal expansion rate suggests that the swelling force varies by less than 1.60%per unit of elevated temperature during the lithiation *** introducing a composite metric,we quantify the coupling correlation and intensity between characteristic parameters and physical fields,uncovering the highest coupling degree in electrochemical-thermal *** results underscore the potential of analytical approaches in revealing the mechanisms of interaction among multi-fields,with the goal of enhancing battery performance and advancing battery management.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Muti-field coupling Mechanical constraints Interaction mechanisms Quantitative analysis

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Significant contribution of carbonyls to atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)during the winter haze pollution over North China Plain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 377-388页

作者： xue Yang Gen zhang Guang Pan Guolan Fan Houyong zhang Xuan Ge Mingyue Du School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJi’nan 250101China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Shandong Jinan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Ji’nan 250101China

Atmospheric carbonyl compounds play significant roles in the cycling of radicals and have exhibited surprisingly high levels in winter that were well correlated to particulate matter,for which the reason have not been clearly *** we measured carbonyl compounds and other trace gasses together with PM_(2.5)over urban Jinan in North China Plain during the *** higher carbonyl concentrations(average:14.63±4.21 ppbv)were found during wintertime haze pollution,about one to three-times relative to those on nonhaze days,with slight difference in chemical composition except formaldehyde(HCHO).HCHO(3.68 ppbv),acetone(3.17 ppbv),and acetaldehyde(CH_3CHO)(2.83 ppbv)were the three most abundant species,accounting for~75% of the total carbonylson both haze and non-haze *** from observational-based model(OBM)with atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)indicated that AOC significantly increased with the increasing carbonyls during the winter haze *** photolysis have supplied key oxidants such as RO_(2) and HO_(2),and thereby enhancing the formation of fine particles and secondary organic aerosols,elucidating the observed haze-carbonyls *** variation with carbonyls exhibiting peak values at early-noon and night highlighted the combined contribution of both secondary formation and primary diesel-fuel sources.1-butene was further confirmed to be the major precursor for *** study confirms the great contribution of carbonyls to AOC,and also suggests that reducing the emissions of carbonyls would be an effective way to mitigate haze pollution in urban area of the NCP region.

关键词： Carbonyls Haze Observation-based model Source apportionment Atmospheric oxidation capacity

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Hydrogen evolution reaction activity enhancement from active site turnover mechanism

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 629-638页

作者： Jiacheng Wang Tongqing Yang Xiyue Li Haiqin zhang Yixue zhang Yan He Hongyao xue College of Electromechanical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061ShandongChina

Although heteroatom doping is an effective way to improve the catalytic activity of transition metal phosphides(TMPs),the mechanism of activity enhancement needs to be further *** this end,we synthesized a Co-doped Ni_(2)P catalyst as a research model and found that the introduction of heterogeneous Co reconstructed the charge distribution around the P site,which effectively enhanced the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity of the pure Ni_(2)*** on in-situ Raman real-time monitoring technology,we monitored for the first time that Co doping triggered a switch of the active site(from the original Co-active site to the P-active site),which promoted the adsorption of H_(2)O to enhance the HER *** density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated that the P site of Co-Ni_(2)P expressed the highest activity and the Ni site of pure Ni_(2)P expressed the highest activity,which further confirms the in-situ Raman monitoring *** active site turnover mechanism discovered in this study will undoubtedly provide more rational and targeted ideas for future catalyst design.

关键词： In-situ Raman observation Heteroatom doping Activesites turnover Hydrogen production

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Preparation of tungsten-particle-reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites by two-step spark plasma sintering:microstructure evolution,densification mechanism and mechanical properties

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1793-1808页

作者： Yun-fei Ma Pan Gong Mao zhang Hui-EHu Zhen Peng Xiao Xu Xin Wang Mehdi Malekan xue-Feng Tang Lei Deng Jun-Song Jin Xin-Yun Wang State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen518057China Department of Chemistry and Materials Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430032China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China College of Machine Shanghai Dianji UniversityShanghai201306China School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehran 11155-4563Iran

A new two-step spark plasma sintering(TSS)process with low-temperature pre-sintering and high-temperature final sintering has been successfully applied to prepare the tungsten-particle(Wp)-reinforced bulk metallic glass composites(Wp/BMGCs).Compared to normal spark plasma sintering(NS),the densification rate and relative density of Wp/BMGCs can be improved by selecting TSS with appropriate sintering pressure in the low temperature pre-sintering ***,the compressive strength and plastic strain of 30%Wp/BMGCs prepared by TSS are both higher than those of the samples prepared by *** TSS process can significantly enhance the compressive strength of 30%Wp/BMGCs by 12%and remarkably increase the plastic strain by 50%,while the trend is completely opposite for 50%Wp/***-in situ experiments and finite element simulations reveal that uneven temperature distribution among particles during low-temperature pre-sintering causes local overheating at contact points between particles,accelerating formation of sintering neck between particles and plastic deformation of *** the volume fraction of Wp is low,TSS can improve the interface bonding between particles by increasing the number of sintering *** makes the fracture mode of Wp/BMGCs being predominantly transgranular ***,as the volume fraction of Wp increases,the adverse effects of Wp plastic deformation are becoming more and more *** aggregated Wp tends to form a solid"cage structure"that hinders the bonding between particles at the interface;correspondingly,the fracture behavior of Wp/BMGCs is mainly dominated by intergranular ***,reducing the sintering pressure during the low-temperature pre-sintering stage of TSS has been shown to effectively decrease plastic deformation in Wp,resulting in a higher degree of densification and better mechanical properties.

关键词： Bulk metallic glass composites Tungsten particle Two-step spark plasma sintering Densification mechanism Mechanical properties

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Computer-assisted three-dimensional individualized extreme liver resection for hepatoblastoma in proximity to the major liver vasculature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1066-1077页

作者： Wen-Li Xiu Jie Liu Jing-Li zhang Jing-Miao Wang xue-Feng Wang fei-fei Wang Jie Mi Xi-Wei Hao NanXia Qian Dong Department of Pediatric Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Pediatric Surgery Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu 241000Anhui ProvinceChina Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery Shandong College Collaborative Innovation Center of Digital Medicine Clinical Treatment and Nutrition HealthQingdao UniversityQingdao 266003Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The management of hepatoblastoma(HB)becomes challenging when the tumor remains in close proximity to the major liver vasculature(PMV)even after a full course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC).In such cases,extreme liver resection can be considered a potential *** To explore whether computer-assisted three-dimensional individualized extreme liver resection is safe and feasible for children with HB who still have PMV after a full course of *** We retrospectively collected data from children with HB who underwent surgical resection at our center from June 2013 to June *** then analyzed the detailed clinical and three-dimensional characteristics of children with HB who still had PMV after a full course of *** Sixty-seven children diagnosed with HB underwent surgical *** age at diagnosis was 21.4±18.8 months,and 40 boys and 27 girls were ***-nine(88.1%)patients had a single tumor,39(58.2%)of which was located in the right lobe of the liver.A total of 47 patients(70.1%)had PRE-TEXT III or ***-nine patients(58.2%)underwent delayed *** a full course of NAC,16 patients still had close PMV(within 1 cm in two patients,touching in 11 patients,compressing in four patients,and showing tumor thrombus in three patients).There were 6 patients of tumors in the middle lobe of the liver,and four of those patients exhibited liver anatomy *** 16 children underwent extreme liver resection after comprehensive preoperative *** procedures were performed according to the preoperative plan,and the operations were successfully ***,the 3-year event-free survival of 67 children with HB is 88%.Among the 16 children who underwent extreme liver resection,three experienced recurrence,and one died due to multiple *** Extreme liver resection for HB that is still in close PMV after a full course of NAC is both safe and *** approach not only reduces th

关键词： Children Hepatoblastoma Surgery Three-dimensional Computer-assisted

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Phase separation of S-RNase promotes self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 986-1006页

作者： Huayang Tian Hongkui zhang Huaqiu Huang Yu'e zhang Yongbiao xue The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beiing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of SciencesNational Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China

Self-incompatibility(SI)is an intraspecific reproductive barrier widely present in *** SI system with the broadest occurrence in angiosperms is based on an S-RNase linked to a cluster of multiple S-locus F-box(SLF)genes found in the Solanaceae,Plantaginaceae,Rosaceae,and *** studies reveal that non-self S-RNase is degraded by the Skip Cullin F-box(SCF)SLF-mediated ubiquitin–proteasome system in a collaborative manner in Petunia,but how self-RNase functions largely remains ***,we show that S-RNases form S-RNase condensates(SRCs)in the self-pollen tube cytoplasm through phase separation and the disruption of SRC formation breaks SI in self-incompatible Petunia *** further find that the pistil SI factors of a small asparagine-rich protein HT-B and thioredoxin h together with a reduced state of the pollen tube all promote the expansion of SRCs,which then sequester several actin-binding proteins,including the actin polymerization factor PhABRACL,the actin polymerization activity of which is reduced by S-RNase in ***,we find that S-RNase variants lacking condensation ability fail to recruit PhABRACL and are unable to induce actin foci formation required for pollen tube growth *** together,our results demonstrate that phase separation of S-RNase promotes SI response in ***,revealing a new mode of S-RNase action.

关键词： self-incompatibility S-RNase phase separation

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Transmissive reconfigurable metasurface enabling independent control of active and passive modules through weak coupling

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1449-1456页

作者： KUN xue HENG WEI CILEI zhang YONGHAO zhang HAOLIANG SUN SHAOHUA DONG Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration College of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Metasurfaces have demonstrated rich electromagnetic control capabilities and degrees of freedom in past years. As is well known, for passive metasurfaces, their functionalities cannot be further expanded accordingly once prototypes are established. Therefore, reconfigurable metasurfaces, utilizing active devices to replace geometric changes in passive structures, have received widespread attention, especially with the development of wireless communication recently. In reconfigurable metasurfaces, artificial meta-atoms are composed of active devices and passive structures combined together. However, these two modules are usually utilized as a whole due to the tight coupling of the active devices and the passive structures, which results in passive structures not receiving sufficient attention and being utilized as independent degrees of freedom. In this article, we propose the concept of weakly coupled reconfigurable metasurfaces in transmissive systems, enabling independent control of active and passive modules through weak coupling. As the proof of concept, a simple weakly coupled system is proposed, which can realize the transmission wavefront engineering through the geometric changes of meta-structures in passive mode, while achieving switching between transmission and reflection states in active mode, respectively. Our exploration lies in making use of the physical structure, which is easily neglected in traditional reconfigurable metasurface design, emphasizing the collaborative work of active and passive modules, exploring more available variables within the same aperture, and providing a potential solution for balancing functionality and resource consumption in practical applications.

关键词： modules coupling weakly

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Sora for foundation robots with parallel intelligence:three world models,three robotic systems

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第7期25卷 917-923页

作者： Lili FAN Chao GUO Yonglin TIAN Hui zhang Jun zhang fei-Yue WANG School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electrical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

This paper outlines the initial steps and basic framework for developing foundation/infrastructure robots/robotics based on foundation models and parallel intelligence,as well as the potential applications of new art... 详细信息

关键词： artificial foundation intelligence

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Improving fault localization with pre-training

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 247-249页

作者： Zhuo zhang Ya LI Jianxin xue Xiaoguang MAO School of Information Technology and Engineering Guangzhou College of CommerceGuangzhou 511363China Ningbo Artificial Intelligence Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNingbo 315000China Institute for Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 210209China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

1 Introduction For developers,fault localization is the most tedious and time-consuming *** order to reduce the burden of developers,researchers have developed various techniques to help reduce the cost of locating faults based on possibility of containing a fault in program statements[1].Among them,coverage-based fault localization is one of the most studied automated fault localization ***-based fault localization methods utilize a type of preliminary information to localize the faults in programs,which is a matrix of statements’coverage *** value of each element is 1 or 0,in which 1 means a statement is executed and 0 denotes a statement is not executed[1].

关键词： fault statement utilize

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