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五味保肝丸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病小鼠的干预作用及机制

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中国药房 2024年第11期35卷 1345-1350页

作者：王燕陈翠青徐岩王亿鹏青岛大学附属青岛市海慈医院(青岛市中医医院)影像科山东青岛266031 青岛市中心医院神经内科山东青岛266042 青岛大学附属青岛市海慈医院(青岛市中医医院)消化内科山东青岛266031 陇南市武都区中心医院内科甘肃陇南742500

目的考察五味保肝丸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)小鼠的干预作用及机制。方法采用高脂高糖饲料持续喂养小鼠19周复制NAFLD模型。将造模成功的小鼠分为模型组、阳性对照组(多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊,23.30 mg/kg)和五味保肝丸低、中、高剂量... 详细信息

目的考察五味保肝丸对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)小鼠的干预作用及机制。方法采用高脂高糖饲料持续喂养小鼠19周复制NAFLD模型。将造模成功的小鼠分为模型组、阳性对照组(多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊,23.30 mg/kg)和五味保肝丸低、中、高剂量组(0.11、0.23、0.45 g/kg),另设不造模的正常组,每组8只。药物组小鼠灌胃相应药物,模型组和正常组小鼠灌胃等体积生理盐水,每天1次,连续4周。末次给药结束后,检测各组小鼠的糖代谢(空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数)、肝功能[肝指数、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、肝组织病理评分]、脂代谢[甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]相关指标;观察肝组织病理学形态以及纤维化、脂滴形成和糖原合成情况;检测血清中游离脂肪酸(FFA)和肝组织中炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-1β]水平;检测肝组织中胰岛素受体底物/磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/糖原合成酶激酶3β(IRS/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β)信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。结果经高剂量的五味保肝丸干预后,NAFLD小鼠肝指数,血清中ALT、AST、FFA、TC、TG、LDL-C水平,肝组织中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平,空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数,肝组织病理评分、纤维化染色面积占比、脂滴染色面积占比均显著降低(P<0.05);HDL-C水平、糖原染色面积占比和肝组织中IRS1、PI3K、AKT、GSK3β蛋白磷酸化水平均显著升高(P<0.05);肝细胞坏死和脂肪变性程度均减弱,纤维化病变均减轻。五味保肝丸低、中剂量组小鼠的上述指标均有改善趋势,但部分差异无统计学意义。结论五味保肝丸可调节NAFLD小鼠肝脏脂代谢、糖代谢紊乱,改善肝损伤,其作用机制可能与激活IRS/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β信号通路有关。

关键词：五味保肝丸非酒精性脂肪性肝病脂代谢糖代谢炎症因子肝损伤 IRS/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β信号通路

Pyridapeptides F–I,cyclohexapeptides from marine sponge-derived Streptomyces ***-4539

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 341-344页

作者： Shuige Zhao Pengcheng yan Peipei Liu Haishan Liu Ning Li Peng Fu Weiming Zhu Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China School of Biological Science and Technology University of JinanJi'nan 250022China Key Laboratory for Biosensors of Shandong Province Biology InstituteQilu University of TechnologyJi'nan 250103China

Four new cyclohexapeptides,pyridapeptides F–I(1–4),were isolated from the fermentation broth of marine sponge-derived Streptomyces *** pyridapeptides F–H(1–3)are composed ofβ-hydroxyleucine,alanine,O-methylthreonine,hexahydropyridazine-3-carboxylic acid,5-hydroxytetrahydropyridazine-3-carboxylic acid,and(2S,3R,4E,6E)-2-amino-3–hydroxy-4,6-dienoic acid *** I(4)contains(2S,3R,4E,6E)-2-amino-3–hydroxy-8-methylnona-4,6-dienoic acid residue and a very rare glycose residue,*** structures were determined based on spectroscopic analysis and chemical *** G–I(2–4)have the 2,3,6-trideoxyhexose units glycosylated at theγ-OH-TPDA residue,displayed significant antiproliferative activity against four(PC9,MKN45,Hep G2,K562)or two(PC9,MKN45)human cancer cell lines.

关键词： Marine microorganism Streptomyces Cyclopeptide glycosides Pyridapeptides Antiproliferative activity

晶粒尺寸对Inconel 718薄板塑性微变形行为的影响:实验与建模

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第5期31卷 1412-1425页

作者：纪开盛刘艳雄张怡俊宋燕利尹飞魏文婷 Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Engineering Research Center for Green Precision Material Forming Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

随着航空航天工业的迅速发展,对微型化Inconel 718薄板构件的需求越来越大。然而,晶粒尺寸显著影响金属薄板的塑性变形行为,在很大程度上限制了Inconel 718薄板构件的生产和应用。本文对不同晶粒尺寸的Inconel 718薄板进行了一系列单轴... 详细信息

随着航空航天工业的迅速发展,对微型化Inconel 718薄板构件的需求越来越大。然而,晶粒尺寸显著影响金属薄板的塑性变形行为,在很大程度上限制了Inconel 718薄板构件的生产和应用。本文对不同晶粒尺寸的Inconel 718薄板进行了一系列单轴拉伸试验和扫描电镜实验,研究了晶粒尺寸对其塑性变形行为的影响。通过EBSD技术表征了晶粒尺寸、晶粒取向和晶粒平均取向偏差,阐明了晶粒尺寸效应的变形机制。研究结果表明,随着晶粒尺寸的增大,在拉伸应力作用下,晶粒旋转和协调变形机制减弱,取向转变为的晶粒数量逐渐减少,从而导致屈服强度和最大抗拉强度显著降低;此外,随着晶粒尺寸的增大,晶粒内部的塑性变形明显减弱,晶界滑动逐渐成为拉伸过程中主要的变形机制,导致断裂应变减小,韧性断裂特征减弱。本文综合考虑晶粒尺寸和应变量影响,建立了能够应用于Inconel 718薄板的微成形研究的混合材料本构模型。

关键词： Inconel 718薄板晶粒尺寸力学性能断裂机理混合材料本构模型

炭材料在电解水制氢耦合有机氧化方面的研究进展

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第1期39卷 64-77页

作者：王治栋夏天栗振华邵明飞北京化工大学北京100029 衢州资源化工创新研究院浙江衢州324000

利用可再生能源(太阳能、风能)发电进行电解水制氢是获取“绿氢”的必经之路。然而,目前电解水制氢仍面临电解效率低和能耗高的巨大挑战。通过将电解水体系与热力学上更有利的有机氧化反应耦合是解决上述问题的重要途径,在有效提升阴极... 详细信息

利用可再生能源(太阳能、风能)发电进行电解水制氢是获取“绿氢”的必经之路。然而,目前电解水制氢仍面临电解效率低和能耗高的巨大挑战。通过将电解水体系与热力学上更有利的有机氧化反应耦合是解决上述问题的重要途径,在有效提升阴极产氢效率的同时还可以在阳极获得高附加值化学品(用于进一步分摊并降低制氢成本)。这一新兴领域的发展关键在于制备具有高选择性和高稳定性的催化材料。碳基材料具有来源丰富、比表面积高、孔隙率高等优点,在高性能有机电氧化和电解水析氢催化剂方面引起了科研人员的广泛关注。本研究总结了碳基材料在电解水制氢耦合有机氧化方面的最新研究进展,并讨论了该材料在这一新兴电催化领域的发展前景和面临挑战,以推进新型炭材料的发展。

关键词：炭材料氢气电解水有机物氧化电催化

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曲线边壁竖缝式鱼道池室内部构造优化

农业工程学报 2024年第5期40卷 344-350页

作者：康捷吴鑫淼王妍郄志红河北农业大学城乡建设学院保定071001 国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心保定071001 滦平县水务局承德068250

为提高鱼道的过鱼效率,在曲线边壁竖缝式鱼道基础上增加内部构造,即在鱼道内壁和底板上布置辅助过鱼装置,组合而成6种不同布置方案,并对每种布置方案进行了相应的数值模拟和模型试验,探究不同布置方案的过鱼效果。结果表明:不同隔板组... 详细信息

为提高鱼道的过鱼效率,在曲线边壁竖缝式鱼道基础上增加内部构造,即在鱼道内壁和底板上布置辅助过鱼装置,组合而成6种不同布置方案,并对每种布置方案进行了相应的数值模拟和模型试验,探究不同布置方案的过鱼效果。结果表明:不同隔板组合的方案1、2、3的上溯成功率分别为36.7%、43.3%、73.3%,其中以中央贯通且尾部边壁只设一组隔板的方案3试验鱼上溯成功率最高;在方案3的基础上引入不同直径圆形柱组合形成方案4、5、6,其相应的上溯成功率分别为56.7%、73.3%、90.0%,其中以圆柱直径为池室入口宽度二分之一的方案6上溯成功率最高,可作为推荐方案,同时发现鱼类游动会大致沿主流进行逆流上溯,当水流形态呈现多股主流流径,流速梯度明显,主流流速衰减平缓合理,且水流回流区较少时,有利于提升鱼类的通过性能。研究结果可丰富了道设计理念和方法,为鱼道设计建造提高参考。

关键词：数值模拟水力特性结构优化鱼道曲线边壁上溯试验

Selective photocatalytic oxidation of methane to C1 oxygenates by regulating sizes and facets over Au/ZnO

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3810-3818页

作者： Qiang Zhou Xinyu wang Xiaojie Tan Qinhua Zhang Hao yang Tao Xing Mingqing wang Mingbo Wu Wenting Wu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering&Institute of New EnergyChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China National Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification and Coal-Based Advanced Materials ShanDong Energy Group CO.LTDJinan 250101China

Photocatalytic oxidation of methane to value-added chemicals is a promising process under mild conditions,nevertheless confronting great challenges in efficiently activating C-H bonds and inhibiting ***,we propose a comprehensive strategy for the selective generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)by regulating the sizes and facets of Au nanoparticles loaded on *** photocatalytic methane oxidation at ambient temperature,a high oxygenates yield of 36.4 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) with a nearly 100%selectivity has been achieved over the optimized 1.0%Au/ZnO-9.6(1%Au with(111)facet and 9.6 nm size on ZnO)photocatalyst,exceeding most reported *** investigations reveal that 1.0%Au/ZnO-9.6 with the medium size and Au(111)facet guarantees the favourable formation of superoxide radicals(·OOH)through mild oxygen reduction,ultimately leading to excellent photocatalytic methane oxidation *** work provides some guidance for the delicate design of photocatalysts for efficient photocatalytic methane oxidation and oxygen utilization.

关键词： photocatalysis methane oxidation radical regulation oxygen activation nanomaterial

Mobile mini-fluorimeter for antibiotic aptasensing based on surface-plasmonic effect of burlike nanogolds enhanced by digitized imaging diagnosis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 418-422页

作者： Tiantian Man Fulin Zhu Yaqi Huang Yuhao Piao yan Su Shengyuan Deng Ying Wan School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Antibiotic abuse now poses a grave threat to global ecology and bestirs public concerns about the residue issue in daily *** traceability measurements along supply chain or logistic circulation have become increasingly essential given the labile nature of diverse synthetic residuals on *** an attempt to answer this urgency,here a miniaturized fluorometric aptasensor prototype was contrived that catered to the point-of-care screening norm for two typical additives:chloramphenicol and *** key target-indicating module worked in vitro based on the competitive binding-induced fluorescence recovery of fluorescein-labeled aptamers,which were photobleached beforehand in the format of double helix on burlike nanogold ***“prickly”geometry of the latter not just enriched the capture probes at preferentially substrate-accessible spires;but also contributed to a tip-enhanced surface plasmon effect,sensitizing the signal-on during the duplex dissociation even at nanomolar threshold of the *** the other hand,to encompass a full portable,a set of optical devices were mounted within a 3D-printed cartridge(adaptor)to converge the light beam and route it towards the detector,for which the smartphone camera came up in handy with a home-developed App for calibrating the emissive *** by the high-dynamic-range compression,an imaging diagnostic algorithm was built in to grid and digitize each slide in the album for augmented detection ***,a novel bio-to-silico integration was invented that capable of in situ rapid reporting on the antibiotic presence with high sensitivity and *** field practices in spiked milk on sales proved the precision and rudimentary feasibility of the well-assembled model of appliance,thus holding nice prospects in nonexpert(e.g.,family and local community)utilities for foodborne antibiotic identification.

关键词： Chloramphenicol and enrofloxacin Aptasensor Gold nanoburs Smartphone fluorimetric suite Digitized image postprocessing

基团替代调控无铅有机钙钛矿铁电体的极化和压电特性的第一性原理研究

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物理学报 2024年第12期73卷 311-321页

作者：郑鹏飞柳志旭王超刘卫芳天津大学理学院低维材料物理与制备技术天津重点实验室天津300072 天津城建大学理学院天津300192

随着可穿戴电子产品要求提升,无毒的有机钙钛矿铁电体成为潜在候选材料.本工作应用第一性原理计算系统研究了无铅有机钙钛矿A-NH_(4)-(PF_(6))_(3)(A=MDABCO,CNDABCO,ODABCO,NODABCO,SHDABCO)的电子态密度、自发极化、弹性特性和压电效... 详细信息

随着可穿戴电子产品要求提升,无毒的有机钙钛矿铁电体成为潜在候选材料.本工作应用第一性原理计算系统研究了无铅有机钙钛矿A-NH_(4)-(PF_(6))_(3)(A=MDABCO,CNDABCO,ODABCO,NODABCO,SHDABCO)的电子态密度、自发极化、弹性特性和压电效应.通过分子动力学和结合能计算发现,有机钙钛矿在室温下具有稳定性且预测其在实验上易于合成.对电子态密度研究发现,A-NH4-(PF6)3的价带主要来自F元素的贡献,价带顶和导带底分别来自取代基团中的元素和N元素的贡献,因此有利于电子-空穴对的分离.依据Born稳定性判据,有机钙钛矿具有稳定的机械性质.除此之外,A位有机阳离子的取代基团可以改变材料中氢键的数量,对总铁电极化的贡献有着明显影响.最后通过压电性能计算,揭示了有机钙钛矿具有良好的压电效果,该效应源于材料引入的有机阳离子增加的材料的柔性.计算结果为后续实验提供了理论基础.

关键词：有机钙钛矿第一性原理计算压电性自发极化

Solar-powered miniature robot for on-site oil spill treatment under magnetic steering

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2164-2175页

作者： wang Ben CHEN YunRui wang Yun JI FengTong LI HongYuan NIU ShiChao HAN ZhiWu ZHANG YaBin GUO ZhiGuang College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materialsand School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory for Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute University of CambridgeCambridge CB21QNUK Department of Physiology Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB21QNUK State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceBeijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced TechnologyCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Walking on the water surface is an effective method for miniature robots to transport payloads with dramatically decreased interfacial drag. Current aquatic robots reported are generally actuated by a beam of focused light that can trigger asymmetrical deformation, enabling the directional movement through horizontal momentum transfer of photoinduced actuation force to the water. However, the operations are heavily dependent on manual manipulation of the focused light, making the long-term actuation and application of the aquatic robots in vast scenarios challenging. Herein, we developed a kind of water striderinspired robot that can autonomously manage the motion on the water surface under solar irradiation, with their direction steerable by a magnetic field. The motion of this bioinspired robot on the water surface was achieved by the use of a solar cell panel as a driving module to enable propulsive motion based on the conversion of light-electric-mechanical energies. The superhydrophobic design of its leg surfaces enables the aquatic robots with weight-bearing and drag-reducing abilities. With the assistance of magnetic navigation, the bioinspired robot can continuously and controllably locomote to the oily spill floating on the water body and collect them with high efficiency. For further demonstration, the treatment of oil spills in a campus pool with high efficiency has also been achieved. This on-site oil-spill treating strategy, taking advantage of a home-made bioinspired robot actuated by natural sunlight under magnetic steering, shows great potential applications in water-body remediation.

关键词： miniature robot superhydrophobic water strider interfacial friction magnetic actuation