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Impacts of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency on gut microbiota

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 271-279页

作者： Yulin GUO Feng CAO Fei Li Department of General Surgery Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University Beijing 100053China

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be induced by various kinds of diseases,including chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis,and post-pancreatectomy.The main pathogenetic mechanism of PEI involves the decline of trypsin synthesis,disorder of pancreatic fluid flow,and imbalance of secretion feedback.Animal studies have shown that PEI could induce gut bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis,with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increasing the most,which could be partially reversed by pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.Clinical studies have also confirmed the association between PEI and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Pancreatic exocrine secretions and changes in duodenal p H as well as bile salt malabsorption brought about by PEI may affect and shape the abundance and composition of gut microbiota.In turn,the gut microbiota may impact the pancreatic exocrine acinus through potential bidirectional crosstalk.Going forward,more and higher-quality studies are needed that focus on the mechanism underlying the impact of PEI on the gut microbiota.

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Gut microbiota Gut microbiome Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

High-efficiency dielectric capacitors based on BaTi_(0.5)Hf_(0.5)O_(3) films

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稀有金属:英文版 2023年第8期42卷 2545-2551页

作者： Yan lin Fei Li Zhen li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Electronic Materials Research Lab Key Lab of Education Ministry and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Film dielectric capacitors enabled with large breakdown field strength and high energy density play a key role for compact and integrated power systems.Nevertheless,the energy storage efficiency is always sacrificed as we tried to increase the energy density.This trade-off between energy density and efficiency means significant energy dissipation and thermal effects,which will lead to a deterioration ofthe reliability and lifetime of the dielectric capacitors.

关键词： dielectric lifetime energy

Investigation into phantom downlinks and development of a prevention algorithm in rotary steerable system

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Petroleum 2021年第3期7卷 349-355页

作者： Fei Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control Technology for Oil and Gas Wells Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an710065China School of Electronic Engineering Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an710065China

This paper investigated the failure cause of phantom downlinks of a flow rate detection mechanism in a rotary steerable system and developed a prevention algorithm.Downlinking is the process of controlling a drilling tool from the surface by sending commands to downhole.Directional drillers send downlinks to the rotary steerable system to adjust steering parameters to achieve the desired well plan.The downlink demodulation of downhole tools is achieved through the measurement of flow rate and correlation of waveform with predefined command models;downlink acceptance is based on the correlation rate.One case study revealed that phantom downlinks were due to the variation of turbine rotation speed,which was the result of alternator load changes.A prevention algorithm of conducting a signal energy check was proposed and implemented.The algorithm can successfully prevent phantom downlinks that are usually of low-level energy and only accept authentic downlinks.The work improved the downlinking reliability of the rotary steerable system.This methodology can be further applied to other downlink demodulation mechanisms using collar speed or pressure measurement.

关键词： Downlink Demodulation Drilling Rotary steerable system Energy check

nNOS and Neurological, Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A 20-Year Story

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第9期39卷 1439-1453页

作者： li-Juan Zhu Fei Li Dong-Ya Zhu Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases Ministry of EducationDepartment of Histology and EmbryologySchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing210009China Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China

In the central nervous system,nitric oxide(NO),a free gas with multitudinous bioactivities,is mainly produced from the oxidation of L-arginine by neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS).In the past 20 years,the studies in our group and other laboratories have suggested a significant involvement of nNOS in a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.In particular,the interactions between the PDZ domain of nNOS and its adaptor proteins,including post-synaptic density 95,the carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand of nNOS,and the serotonin transporter,significantly influence the subcellular localization and functions of nNOS in the brain.The nNOS-mediated protein-protein interactions provide new attractive targets and guide the discovery of therapeutic drugs for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.Here,we summarize the work on the roles of nNOS and its association with multiple adaptor proteins on neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.

关键词： nNOS nNOS-PSD95 nNOS-CAPON nNOS-SERT Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorder

Identifying spatiotemporal information of the point pollutant source indoors based on the adjoint-regularization method

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Building Simulation 2023年第4期16卷 589-602页

作者： Yuanqi Jing Fei Li Zhonglin Gu Shibo Tang College of Urban Construction Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China

Fast and accurate identification of the pollutant source location and release rate is important for improving indoor air quality.From the perspective of public health,identification of the airborne pathogen source in public buildings is particularly important for ensuring people’s safety and health.The existing adjoint probability method has difficulty in distinguishing the temporal source,and the optimization algorithm can only analyze a few potential sources in space.This study proposed an algorithm combining the adjoint-pulse and regularization methods to identify the spatiotemporal information of the point pollutant source in an entire room space.We first obtained a series of source-receptor response matrices using the adjoint-pulse method in the room based on the validated CFD model,and then used the regularization method and composite Bayesian inference to identify the release rate and location of the dynamic pollutant source.The results showed that the MAPEs(mean absolute percentage errors)of estimated source intensities were almost less than 15%,and the source localization success rates were above 25/30 in this study.This method has the potential to be used to identify the airborne pathogen source in public buildings combined with sensors for disease-specific biomarkers.

关键词： regularization algorithm adjoint method CFD model inverse problem source retrieval

The absolute gravity measurements from A10 along the 1240 km route in East Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第12期65卷 2417-2420页

作者： Yuande YANG Fei Li Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping Ministry of Natural Resources/Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and MappingWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

1.Introduction Gravity data provide significant insights on ice mass balance and geological structure studies in Antarctica,which is the largest ice sheet on the earth(Xu,2001;Alley et al.,2005).Since the 1950s,the gravity ties have been introduced to Antarctica from Australia and South America(Sledzinski,2001;Amalvict,2004),which adopted the approach of relative gravity measurements with pendulum or spring gravimeters.Absolute gravity measurements were later conducted in Antarctica by several countries to provide gravity bases and to derive its dynamic change with the technique advance in gravimeter instrumentation.By 2009,25 absolute gravity surveys had been carried out at 14 stations in Antarctica(Mäkinen et al.,2007;E et al.,2007,2011;Kazama et al.,2013).

关键词： Antarctica East absolute

Structural and functional alterations in the brains of patients with anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia:a systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2348-2356页

作者： Yuxia Wang Ye Wu Lekai Luo Fei Li Huaxi MR Research Center(HMRRC) Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Laboratory of Optometry and Vision SciencesWest China Hospital/West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Radiology West China Second Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina

Amblyopia is the most common cause of vision loss in children and can persist into adulthood in the absence of effective intervention.Previous clinical and neuroimaging studies have suggested that the neural mechanisms underlying strabismic amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia may be different.Therefore,we performed a systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating brain alterations in patients with these two subtypes of amblyopia;this study is registered with PROSPERO(registration ID:CRD42022349191).We searched three online databases(PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science) from inception to April 1,2022;39 studies with 633 patients(324patients with anisometropic amblyo pia and 309 patients with strabismic amblyopia) and 580 healthy controls met the inclusion criteria(e.g.,case-control designed,pee r-reviewed articles) and were included in this review.These studies highlighted that both strabismic amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia patients showed reduced activation and distorted topological cortical activated maps in the striate and extrastriate co rtices during tas k-based functional magnetic resonance imaging with spatial-frequency stimulus and retinotopic representations,respectively;these may have arisen from abnormal visual experiences.Compensations for amblyopia that are reflected in enhanced spontaneous brain function have been reported in the early visual cortices in the resting state,as well as reduced functional connectivity in the dorsal pathway and structural connections in the ventral pathway in both anisometro pic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia patients.The shared dysfunction of anisometro pic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia patients,relative to controls,is also chara cterized by reduced spontaneous brain activity in the oculomotor co rtex,mainly involving the frontal and parietal eye fields and the cerebellu m;this may underlie the neural mechanisms of fixation instability and anomalous saccades in amblyopia.With regards to specific alterations of the two forms of amblyo

关键词： amblyopia anisometropia brain function magnetic resonance imaging oculomotor system precortical pathway strabismus structure visual cortex

Seeking the“mother of blood”from human pluripotent stem cells:Are we there yet?

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Genes & Diseases 2017年第3期4卷 123-124页

作者： Fei Li The Editorial Office of Genes&Diseases Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400046China

Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)hold great promise for the treatment of human diseases,including the failure of bone marrow.Incremental progress across the past three and half decades has brought us closer to making hematopoietic stem cells from iPSCs clinical solutions.A recent innovative two-step differentiation approach successfully generated transplantable HSCs from iPSC sources.For clinical translation,the long-term safety of these gene-altered HSCs must be determined.

关键词： Hemaotpoietic stem cells Human iPSC Lentiviral transduction Teratoma Transcription factors Xeno-transplantation

Current status and future perspectives of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of lung cancer

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第4期136卷 379-393页

作者： Wanying Wang Tianyu Qiu Fei Li Shengxiang Ren Department of Medical Oncology Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital and Institute of Thoracic CancerSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Pathology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Monoclonal antibodies have been successfully incorporated into the current therapeutical landscape of lung cancer in the last decades.Recently,with technological advances,bispecific antibodies(bsAbs)have also shown robust efficacy in the treatment of malignant cancers,including lung cancer.These antibodies target two independent epitopes or antigens and have been extensively explored in translational and clinical studies in lung cancer.Here,we outline the mechanisms of action of bsAbs,related clinical data,ongoing clinical trials,and potent novel compounds of various types of bsAbs in clinical studies,especially in lung cancer.We also propose future directions for the clinical development of bsAbs,which might bring a new era of treatment for patients with lung cancer.

关键词： Bispecific antibodies Lung cancer Immunotherapy Targeted therapy