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Neo-adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第18期20卷 5308-5319页

作者： Masato Fujiki federico Aucejo Minsig Choi Richard Kim Transplant Center Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Wayne State University/Karmonos Cancer Center DetroitMI 48202United States Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology H Lee Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFL 33612United States

Liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within Milan criteria is a widely accepted optimal therapy. Neo-adjuvant therapy before transplantation has been used as a bridging therapy to prevent dropout during the waiting period and as a down-staging method for the patient with intermediate HCC to qualify for liver transplantation. Transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation are the most commonly used method for locoregional therapy. The data associated with newer modalities including drug-eluting beads, radioembolization with Y90, stereotactic radiation therapy and sorafenib will be discussed as a tool for converting advanced HCC to LT candidates. The concept “ablate and wait” has gained the popularity where mandated observation period after neo-adjuvant therapy allows for tumor biology to become apparent, thus has been recommended after down-staging. The role of neo-adjuvant therapy with conjunction of “ablate and wait” in living donor liver transplantation for intermediate stage HCC is also discussed in the paper.

关键词： Bridging therapy Neo-adjuvant therapy Locoregional therapy Intermediate stage Living donor liver transplantation Ablation Transarterial chemotherapy Transarterial radioembolization External beam radiotherapy

Geometry-based graphical methods for solar control in architecture:A digital framework

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第4期12卷 754-774页

作者： federico Bertagna Valeria Piccioni Pierluigi D’Acunto Department of Architecture ETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland School of Engineering and Design Technical University of MunichMunich 80333Germany

The form of a building is among the most critical design aspects concerning building energy ***-based passive design strategies,like solar control,can significantly reduce heating and cooling demands if implemented early in the design *** this sense,there is an evident need for tools that can adequately support designers in their *** paper aims to illustrate how geometry-based graphical methods(GGM)can provide effective support in the conceptual design *** paper introduces a novel digital framework for designing and analysing shading devices that leverages geometrical models and graphical *** digital implementation of GGM allows extending their applicability to threedimensional and non-planar geometries.A comprehensive review of existing methods and tools for the design of shading devices lays the ground for the proposed digital framework,which is then demonstrated through two case *** results show that the diagrammatic nature of GGM facilitates a better and more direct understanding of the relationship between form and performance.

关键词： Solar control Geometry Graphical methods Facade design Passive design Computational tools

Effective Force Stabilising Technique for the Immersed Boundary Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第1期33卷 349-366页

作者： Arnab Ghosh Alessandro Gabbana Herman Wijshoff federico Toschi Department of Applied Physics and Science Education Eindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyP.O.Box 5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Canon Production Printing Netherlands B.V. P.O.Box 1015900 MA VenloThe Netherlands

The immersed boundary method has emerged as an efficient approach for the simulation of finite-sized solid particles in complex fluid ***,one of the well known shortcomings of the method is the limited support for the simulation of light particles,*** with a density lower than that of the surrounding fluid,both in terms of accuracy and numerical *** a broad literature exists,with several authors reporting different approaches for improving the stability of the method,most of these attempts introduce extra complexities and are very costly from a computational point of *** this work,we introduce an effective force stabilizing technique,allowing to extend the stability range of the method by filtering spurious oscillations arising when dealing with light-particles,pushing down the particle-to-fluid density ratio as low as *** thoroughly validate the method comparing with both experimental and numerical data available in literature.

关键词： Immersed boundary method lattice Boltzmann method light particle force stabilization added mass effect

Application of omics technologies for a deeper insight into quali-quantitative production traits in broiler chickens:A review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 751-768页

作者： Marco Zampiga Joshua Flees Adele Meluzzi Sami Dridi federico Sirri Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Center of Excellence for Poultry Science University of Arkansas

The poultry industry is continuously facing substantial and different challenges such as the increasing cost of feed ingredients, the European Union’s ban of antibiotic as growth promoters, the antimicrobial resistance and the high incidence of muscle myopathies and breast meat abnormalities. In the last decade, there has been an extraordinary development of many genomic techniques able to describe global variation of genes, proteins and metabolites expression level. Proper application of these cutting-edge omics technologies(mainly transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) paves the possibility to understand much useful information about the biological processes and pathways behind different complex traits of chickens. The current review aimed to highlight some important knowledge achieved through the application of omics technologies and proteo-genomics data in the field of feed efficiency, nutrition, meat quality and disease resistance in broiler chickens.

关键词： Broiler chicken Feed efficiency Meat quality Nutrition Omics technologies

Hepatocellular carcinoma in Latin America: Diagnosis and treatment challenges

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第37期24卷 4224-4229页

作者： federico Pinro Jaime Poniachik Ezequiel Ridruejo Marcelo Silva Hospital Universitario Austral Facultad de Ciencias BiomédicasUniversidad AustralPilarBuenos Aires B1629HJArgentina American Liver Research Educational and Awareness Network Buenos Aires B1629HJArgentina Hepatology Hospital Clínico Universidad de ChileSantiago de ChileRegión Metropolitana Santiago 46010Chile Santa María Santiago de ChileRegión Metropolitana Santiago 834-0518Chile Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1425ASGArgentina

Latin America, a region with a population greater than 600000000 individuals, is well known due to its wide geographic, socio-cultural and economic heterogeneity. Access to health care remains as the main barrier that challenges routine screening, early diagnosis and proper treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Therefore, identification of population at risk, implementation of surveillance programs and access to curative treatments has been poorly obtained in the region. Different retrospective cohort studies from the region have shown flaws in the implementation process of routine surveillance and early HCC diagnosis. Furthermore, adherence to clinical practice guidelines recommendations assessed in two studies from Brazil and Argentina demonstrated that there is also room for improvement in this field, similarly than the one observed in Europe and the United States. In summary, Latin America shares difficulties in HCC decision-making processes similar to those from developed countries. However, a transversal limitation in the region is the poor access to health care with the consequent limitation to standard treatments for overall population. Specifically, universal health care access to the different World Health Organization levels is crucial, including improvement in research, education and continuous medical training in order to expand knowledge and generation of data promoting a continuous improvement in the care of HCC patients.

关键词： Latin America Liver cancer Limitations Challenge

Epithelial cell identity in hyperplastic precursors of breast cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2015年第3期34卷 121-129页

作者： Danila Coradini Patrizia Boracchi Saro Oriana Elia Biganzoli federico Ambrogi Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Medical StatisticsBiometry and BioinformaticsUniversity of Milan Senology Center Ambrosiana ClinicCesano Boscone

Introduction:In the adult human breast,hyperplastic enlarged lobular unit(HELU) and atypical ductal hyperplasia(ADH) are two common abnormalities that frequently coexist with ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS).For this reason,they have been proposed as the early steps in a biological continuum toward breast ***:We investigated in silico the expression of 369 genes experimentally recognized as involved in establishing and maintaining epithelial cell identity and mammary gland remodeling,in HELUs or ADHs with respect to the corresponding patient-matched normal ***:Despite the common luminal origin,HELUs and ADHs proved to be characterized by distinct gene profiles that overlap for 5 genes *** HELUs were associated with the overexpression of progesterone receptor(PGR),ADHs were characterized by the overexpression of estrogen receptor 1(ESR1) coupled with the overexpression of some proliferation-associated ***:This unexpected finding contradicts the notion that in differentiated luminal cells the expression of estrogen receptor(ER) is dissociated from cell proliferation and suggests that the establishing of an ER-dependent signaling is able to sustain cell proliferation in an autocrine manner as an early event in tumor *** clinical evidence indicates that only a fraction of HELUs and ADHs evolve to invasive cancer,present findings warn that exposure to synthetic progestins,frequently administered as hormone-replacement therapy,and estrogens,when abnormally produced by adipose cells and persistently present in the stroma surrounding the mammary gland,may cause these hyperplastic lesions.

关键词：上皮细胞乳腺癌增生性雌激素受体孕激素受体前体细胞增殖过度表达

A Theory of the Risk for Empirical CVaR with Application to Portfolio Selection

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2021年第5期34卷 1879-1894页

作者： ARICI Giorgio CAMPI Marco C. CARE Algo DALAI Marco RAMPONI federico A. Department of Information Engineering University of Bresciavia Branze 3825123 BresciaItaly.

When decisions are based on empirical observations,a trade-off arises between flexibility of the decision and ability to generalize to new *** this paper,we focus on decisions that are obtained by the empirical minimization of the Conditional Value-at-Risk(CVa R)and argue that in CVa R the trade-off between flexibility and generalization can be understood on the ground of theoretical results under very general assumptions on the system that generates the *** results have implications on topics related to order and structure selection in various applications where the CVa R risk-measure is used.A study on a portfolio optimization problem with real data demonstrates our results.

关键词： Distribution-free results empirical CVa R generalization order selection risk scenario approach

Differential expression of genes involved in the epigenetic regulation of cell identity in normal human mammary cell commitment and differentiation

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第10期33卷 501-510页

The establishment and maintenance of mammary epithelial cell identity depends on the activity of a group of proteins, collectively called maintenance proteins, that act as epigenetic regulators of gene transcription through DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling. Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulation of these crucial proteins may disrupt epithelial cell integrity and trigger breast tumor initiation. Therefore, we explored in silico the expression pattern of a panel of 369 genes known to be involved in the establishment and maintenance of epithelial cell identity and mammary gland remodeling in cell subpopulations isolated from normal human mammary tissue and selectively enriched in their content of bipotent progenitors, committed luminal progenitors, and differentiated myoepithelial or differentiated luminal cells. The results indicated that, compared to bipotent cells, differentiated myoepithelial and luminal subpopulations were both characterized by the differential expression of 4 genes involved in cell identity maintenance: CBX6 and PCGF2, encoding proteins belonging to the Polycomb group, and SMARCD3 and SMARCE1, encoding proteins belonging to the Trithorax group. In addition to these common genes, the myoepithelial phenotype was associated with the differential expression of HDAC1, which encodes histone deacetylase 1, whereas the luminal phenotype was associated with the differential expression of SMARCA4 and HAT1, which encode a Trithorax protein and histone acetylase 1, respectively. The luminal compartment was further characterized by the overexpression of ALDH1A3 and GATA3, and the down-regulation of NOTCH4 and CCNB1, with the latter suggesting a block in cell cycle progression at the G2 phase. In contrast, myoepithelial differentiation was associated with the overexpression of MYC and the down-regulation of CCNE1, with the latter suggesting a block in cell cycle progression at the G1 phase.

关键词：基因表达差异乳腺细胞分化遗传调控乳腺上皮细胞组蛋白修饰人类表观

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戴面具的擦鞋匠

三月风 2024年第2期 52-57页

作者： [乌拉圭]费德里科·埃斯托尔(摄影) 白帆不详

每天有3000名擦鞋工在玻利维亚首都拉巴斯和第二大城市阿尔托的街道上寻找客户。他们年龄不一,特点是都佩戴着滑雪面具,从而避免被人看到长相。一天工作结束后,他们还会把工具小心藏好,不让同学、邻居、朋友知道自己在干这份工作,甚至... 详细信息

每天有3000名擦鞋工在玻利维亚首都拉巴斯和第二大城市阿尔托的街道上寻找客户。他们年龄不一,特点是都佩戴着滑雪面具,从而避免被人看到长相。一天工作结束后,他们还会把工具小心藏好,不让同学、邻居、朋友知道自己在干这份工作,甚至连家人也认为他们前往市中心时,干的是其他工作。

关键词：拉巴斯阿尔托大城市玻利维亚市中心擦鞋匠