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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation:anti-inflammatory effects in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1671-1677页

作者： Yolanda Diz-Chaves Zainab Maastor Carlos Spuch José Antonio Lamas Lucas C.González-Matías federico Mallo Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of EndocrinologyUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain Translational Neuroscience Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research InstituteCIBERSAMHospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroSala InvestigaciónEstrada Clara CampoamorVigoSpain Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of NeuroscienceUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain

The glucagon-like peptide 1 is a pleiotropic hormone that has potent insulinotropic effects and is key in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ***-like peptide 1 exerts its effects by activating a membrane receptor identified in many tissues,including diffe rent brain ***-like peptide 1 activates several signaling pathways related to neuroprotection,like the support of cell growth/survival,enhancement promotion of synapse formation,autophagy,and inhibition of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,microglial activation,and apoptosis during neural *** glial cells,including astrocytes and microglia,maintain metabolic homeostasis and defe nse against pathogens in the central nervous *** brain insult,microglia are the first cells to respond,followed by reactive *** activated cells produce proinflammato ry mediators like cytokines or chemokines to react to the ***,under these circumstances,mic roglia can become chro nically inflammatory by losing their homeostatic molecular signature and,consequently,their functions during many *** processes promote the development of neurological disorders and influence their pathological evolution:like the formation of protein aggregates,the accumulation of abnormally modified cellular constituents,the formation and release by injured neurons or synapses of molecules that can dampen neural function,and,of critical impo rtance,the dysregulation of inflammato ry control *** glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonist emerges as a critical tool in treating brain-related inflammatory pathologies,restoring brain cell homeostasis under inflammatory conditions,modulating mic roglia activity,and decreasing the inflammato ry *** review summarizes recent advances linked to the anti-inflammato ry prope rties of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation in the brain related to multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkins

关键词： astrocytes brain glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor inflammation microglia

Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of Corroded High-Pressure Pipeline Repaired by Laminated Composite

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1783-1806页

作者： Seyed Mohammad Reza Abtahi Saeid Ansari Sadrabadi Gholam Hosein Rahimi Gaurav Singh Hamid Abyar Daniele Amato Luigi federico Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehran***Iran A.Leon Linton Department of Mechanical Robotics and Industrial EngineeringLawrence Technological UniversitySouthfieldMI48075USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMeybod UniversityYazd***Iran Department of Industrial Engineering University of SalernoVia Giovanni PaoloⅡFiscianoItaly Italian Aerospace Research Center(C.I.R.A.) Via MaioriseCapuaCE81043Italy

Repairs of corroded high-pressure pipelines are essential for fluids transportation under high *** of the methods used in their repairs is the use of layered *** composite used must have the necessary ***,the experiments and analytical solutions presented in this paper are performed according to the relevant standards and codes,including ASME PCC-2,ASME B31.8S,ASME B31.4,ISO 24817 and ASME *** addition,the experimental tests are replicated numerically using the finite element *** the strain gauges at different distances from the defect location,can reduce the nonlinear effects,deformation,and fluctuations due to the high *** direct relationship between the depth of an axial defect and the stress concentration is observed at the inner side edges of the *** reparation reduces the non-linearities related to the sharp variation of the geometry and a more reliable numerical simulation could be performed.

关键词： High-pressure pipeline composite repair ASME PCC-2 ISO 24817

Distinct vibrational signatures and complex phase behavior in metallic oxygen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 4-11页

作者： Philip Dalladay-Simpson Bartomeu Monserrat Li Zhang federico Gorelli Center for High Pressure Science Technology Advanced Research 1690 Cailun RoadShanghai 201203China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB3 OFSUnited Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB3 OHEUnited Kingdom Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)50125 FlorenceItaly Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences(SHARPS) ShanghaiChina

Evidence for metallization in dense oxygen has been reported for over 30 years[Desgreniers et al.,***.94,1117(1990)]at a now routinely accessible 95 GPa[Shimizu et al.,Nature 393,767(1998)].However,despite the longevity of this result and the technological advances since,the nature of the metallic phase remains poorly constrained[Akahama et al.,***.74,4690(1995);Goncharov et al.,***.B 68,224108(2003);Ma,***.B 76,064101(2007);and Weck et al.,***.102,255503(2009)].In this work,through Raman spectroscopy,we report the distinct vibrational characteristics of metallicζ-O_(2) from 85 to 225 *** comparison with numerical simulations,weﬁnd reasonable agreement with the candidate structure up to about 150 *** higher pressures,the C2/mstructure is found to be unstable and incompatible with experimental *** candidate structures,and Ci,with C2/m C2/conly two molecules in the primitive unit cell,are found to be stable and more compatible with measurements above 175 GPa,indicative of the dissociation of(O_(2))4 ***,we report and discuss a strong hysteresis and metastability with the precursory phaseϵ-O_(2).Theseﬁndings will reinvigorate experimental and theoretical work into the dense oxygen system,which will have importance for oxygen-bearing chemistry,prevalent in the deep Earth,as well as fundamental physics.

关键词： metallic phase vibrational

CONSTANS alters the circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1204-1220页

作者： Pedro de los Reyes Gloria Serrano-Bueno Francisco J.Romero-Campero He Gao Jose M.Romero federico Valverde Plant Development Group-Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientificasUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Universidad de SevillaSevilleSpain Department of Plant Developmental Biology Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ResearchCologneGermany Department of Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Plants are sessile organisms that have acquired highly plastic developmental strategies to adapt to the *** these processes,the floral transition is essential to ensure reproductive success and is finelyregulated by several internal andexternal genetic *** photoperiodic pathway,which controls plant response to day length,is one of the most important pathways controlling *** Arabidopsis photoperiodic flowering,CONSTANS(CO)is the central gene activating the expression of the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)in the leaves at the end of a long *** circadian clock strongly regulates Co ***,to date,no evidence has been reported regarding a feedbackloop from the photoperiod pathway back to the circadian *** transcriptional networks,we have identified relevant network motifs regulating the interplay between the circadian clock and the photoperiod *** expression,chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments,and phenotypic analysis allowed us to elucidate the role of Co over the circadian *** with altered cO expression showed a different internal clock period,measured by daily leaf rhythmic *** showed that co upregulates the expression of key genes related to the circadian clock,such as CCA1,LHY,PRR5,and Gl,at the end of a long day by bindingto specific sites on their ***,a high numberof PRR5-repressed target genes are upregulated by CO,and this could explain the phase transition promoted by *** CO-PRR5 complex interacts with the bZiP transcriptionfactor HY5andhelps to localize the complex in the promoters of clock *** together,our results indicate that there may be a feedback loop in which co communicates back to the circadian clock,providing seasonal information to the circadian system.

关键词： CONSTANS circadian clock photoperiod

Assessment of slow deformations and landslide modelling in the urban area through a multi-methodological approach

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Fabio Ietto Massimo Conforti Cristiano Tolomei federico Cella Giuseppe Cianflone Università degli Studi della Calabria， Dipartimento di Biologia， Ecologia e Scienze della Terra (DiBEST)， Via P.Bucci， Cubo 15B， 87036 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche (CNR)， Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI)， Via Cavour INGV-Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia， Via di Vigna Murata 605 Università di Camerino， Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologia， Sez.Geologia， Via Gentile III da Varano 27

Slow-moving landslides are widespread in the Mediterranean area， causing damage to the exposed facilities and economic losses in many countries. The recognition of slow-moving landslides in urban areas is always a difficult task to deal with because the presence of buildings， infrastructures， and human activities usually conceals the morphological signs of these landslide activities. So， in the last decades， numerous researchers have shown new methodologies to deepen the studies of similar instability phenomena. The present research is based on an integrated approach to investigate the landslide boundaries， type of movement， failure surface depth， and vulnerability state of buildings in Rota Greca village (Calabria region， southern Italy) affected by a slow-moving landslide. For this purpose， multi-source data were acquired through geological and geomorphological surveys， recognition of landslide-induced damage on the built environment， subsurface investigations (e.g.， continuous drill boreholes， Standard Penetration Test， Rock Quality Designation index and inclinometer monitoring)， laboratory tests (direct shear tests on undisturbed samples)， geophysical survey， and InSAR-derived map of deformation rates. The complete integration of multi-source data allowed for the construction of reliable landslide modelling with relative geotechnical properties. In addition， the cross-comparison between surface deformation data by SAR images and severity damage level collected on the exposed buildings enabled to obtain the vulnerability map of the built area. In particular， the achieved goals highlighted two failure surfaces at about -13 and -25 m depth， causing a high vulnerability value for the buildings allocated in the central portion of the Rota Greca village. The knowledge acquired by the multi-approach can be used to manage and implement appropriate landslide risk mitigation strategies， providing helpful advice and best practices to state-run organisations and stakeholder

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May ChatGPT be a tool producing medical information for common inflammatory bowel disease patients’questions?An evidencecontrolled analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 17-33页

作者： Antonietta Gerarda Gravina Raffaele Pellegrino Marina Cipullo Giovanna Palladino Giuseppe Imperio Andrea Ventura Salvatore Auletta Paola Ciamarra Alessandro federico Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy

Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering everyday *** language model(LLM)systems such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT)have become potentially accessible to everyone,including patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).However,significant ethical issues and pitfalls exist in innovative LLM *** hype generated by such systems may lead to unweighted patient trust in these ***,it is necessary to understand whether LLMs(trendy ones,such as ChatGPT)can produce plausible medical information(MI)for *** review examined ChatGPT’s potential to provide MI regarding questions commonly addressed by patients with IBD to their *** the review of the outputs provided by ChatGPT,this tool showed some attractive potential while having significant limitations in updating and detailing information and providing inaccurate information in some *** studies and refinement of the ChatGPT,possibly aligning the outputs with the leading medical evidence provided by reliable databases,are needed.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer Large language model Artificial intelligence

Socio-environmental factors associated with small mammal assemblage and Leptospira prevalence in Suburban Areas of Terengganu,Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第9期17卷 400-407,I0002,I0003页

作者： Mohammad Izuan Mohd Zamri Nur Juliani Shafie Mohammad Ridhuan Mohd Ali Adedayo Michael Awoniyi Hernan Dario Argibay federico Costa Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Bacteriology Unit Institute for Medical Research(IMR)Kuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Collective Health Federal University of BahiaSalvadorBrazil Gonçalo Moniz Research Center Oswaldo Cruz FoundationBrazilian Ministry of HealthSalvadorBahiaBrazil Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCT06511USA Lancaster Medical School Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YWUK

Objective:To examine the socio-environmental factors associated with the assemblage of small mammals and the prevalence of Leptospira pathogen in poor suburban communities of Terengganu,***:We trapped small mammals from 119 trapping points scattered around three suburban communities of Terengganu using sausage-baited live *** the average,we set up five traps for three nights at each sampling point during the trapping *** of captured animals were harvested and processed for Leptospira ***,environmental survey was conducted at each trapping point to obtain information about possible variables supporting small mammal *** used a generalized linear model to evaluate the effect of different socio-environmental variables on small mammals’***:A total of 89 small mammals,specifically,Rattus norvegicus(n=39),Rattus rattus(n=27),Rattus exulans(n=10),Suncus murinus(n=11),and Tupaia glis(n=2)were captured from 1385 trap *** individuals(15.7%)of the captured animals tested positive for Leptospira bacteria using PCR *** of our generalized linear model showed only residences bordering vacant lots as the variable positively associated with small mammal occurrence in the three study ***:Small mammal community,especially the often neglected species,could harbour and potentially contribute towards pathogenic Leptospira maintenance in the study *** adequately control small mammals’population and subsequent human zoonoses transmission,it is critical to advocate and promote appropriate infrastructure and suburban services,together with good hygiene practices that can reduce the animals’access to food and harborage.

关键词： Leptospirosis Rodents Small mammals control Suburban community Zoonotic diseases

Laser-optimized Pt-Y alloy nanoparticles embedded in Pt-Y oxide matrix for high stability and ORR electrocatalytic activity

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 508-520页

作者： Riccardo Brandiele Andrea Guadagnini Mattia Parnigotto federico Pini Vito Coviello Denis Badocco Paolo Pastore Gian Andrea Rizzi Andrea Vittadini Daniel Forrer Vincenzo Amendola Christian Durante Department of Chemical Sciences University of PaduaVia Marzolo 135131 PadovaItaly Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia ICMATE-CNR via Marzolo 1 I-35131 PadovaItaly

The development of active yet stable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is still a major issue for the extensive permeation of fuel cells into everyday *** nanostructured Pt catalysts are to date the best available systems in terms of activity,the same is not true for stability,particularly under operating *** this work,Pt_(Х)Y alloy nanoparticles are proposed as active and durable electrocatalysts for ***_(Х)Y nanoalloys are synthesized and further optimized by laser ablation in liquid followed by laser fragmentation in *** novel integrated laser-assisted methodology succeeded in producing Pt_(Х)Y nanoparticles with the ideal size(1000 A g^(-1).At the same time,the nanoalloys are embedded in a fine Pt oxide matrix,which allows a greater stability of the catalyst than the commercial Pt reference,as directly verified on a gas diffusion electrode.

关键词： Electrocatalysis GDE ORR Pt_(2)Y Pt_(3)Y LAL LFL Oxide support Pto Nanoalloys

The transcription factor HSFA7b controls thermomemory at the shoot apical meristem by regulating ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 47-61页

作者： Sheeba John federico Apelt Amit Kumar Ivan FAcosta Dominik Bents Maria Grazia Annunziata Franziska Fichtner Caroline Gutjahr Bernd Mueller-Roeber Justyna J.Olas University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyKarl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25Haus 2014476 PotsdamGermany Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muehlenberg 114476 PotsdamGermany Laboratory of Molecular Biology Wageningen University6700 AP Wageningenthe Netherlands Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology(CPSBB) 14 St.Knyaz Boris 1 Pokrastitel Str.4023 PlovdivBulgaria Present address:Institute of Plant Biochemistry Heinrich Heine University DusseldorfUniversit€atsstr.140225 DusseldorfGermany Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 114979 GroßbeerenGermany

The shoot apical meristem(SAM)is responsible for overall shoot growth by generating all aboveground *** research has revealed that the SAM displays an autonomous heat stress(HS)memory of a previous non-lethal HS *** the importance of the SAM for plant growth,it is essential to determine how its thermomemory is mechanistically ***,we report that HEAT SHOCK TRAN-SCRIPTION FACTOR A7b(HSFA7b)plays a crucial role in this process in Arabidopsis,as the absence of functional HSFA7b results in the temporal suppression of SAM activity after *** found that HSFA7b directly regulates ethylene response at the SAM by binding to the promoter of the key ethylene signaling gene ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3 to establish ***,we demonstrated that HSFA7b regulates the expression of ETHYLENE OVERPRODUCER 1(ETO1)and ETO1-LIKE 1,both of which encode ethylene biosynthesis repressors,thereby ensuring ethylene homeostasis at the *** together,these results reveal a crucial and tissue-specic role for HSFA7b in thermomemory at the Arabidopsis SAM.

关键词： ethylene response heat stress adaptation shoot apical meristem SAM thermopriming thermomemory