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Specific VpU Codon Changes were Significantly associated with gp120 V3 Tropic Signatures in HIV-1 B-subtype

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Virologica Sinica 2012年第6期27卷 360-368页

作者： Salvatore Dimonte Muhammed Babakir-Mina Stefano Aquaro Carlo-federico Perno Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery University of Rome"Tor Vergata"Rome 00133Italy Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery University of Rome"Tor Vergata"Rome 00133Italy Slemani Polytechnic University Iraqi Kurdistan Region Faculty of Pharmacy Nutritional and Health SciencesUniversity of CalabriaArcavacata di Rende(CS)87036Italy National Institute for Infectious Diseases"L.Spallanzani" Rome 00149Italy

After infection and integration steps, HIV-1 transcriptions increase sharply and singly-spliced mRNAs are produced. These encode Env （gpl20 and gp41） and auxiliary proteins Vif, Vpr and VpU. The same localization within the unique structure of the mRNAs suggests that the VpU sequence prior to the Env could affect the Env polyprotein *** HIV-I infection process begins when the gpl20 subunit of the envelope glycoprotein complex interacts with its receptor（s） on the target cell. The V3 domain of gpl20 is the major determinant of cellular co-receptor binding. According to phenotypic information of HIVol isolates, sequences from the VpU to V3 regions （119 in R5- and 120 X4-tropic viruses; one per patient） were analysed. The binomial correlation phi coefficient was used to assess covariation among VpU and gpl20v3 signatures. Subsequently, average linkage hierarchical agglomerative clustering was performed. Beyond the classical V3 signatures （R5-viruses： SI1, E25D; X4-viruses： SllKR, E25KRQ）, other specific V3 and novel VpU signatures were found to be statistically associated with co-receptor usage. Several statistically significant associations between V3 and VpU mutations were also observed. The dendrogram showed two distinct large clusters： one associated with R5-tropic sequences （bootstrap=0.94）, involving：（a） H13NPv3, E25Dv3, Sllv3, T22Av3 and Q61Hvpu, （b） E25Av3 and L12Fvpu, （c） D44Evpu, R18Qv3 and D80Nvpu; and another associated with X4-tropic sequences （bootstrap=0.97）, involving：（i） E25Iv3 and V10Avpu, （ii） 0-1insVvpc, H13Rv3, I46Lvpc, I30Mv3 and 60-62delvpu, （iii） SllKRv3 and E25KRQv3. Some of these pairs of mutations were encoded always by one specific codon. These data indicate the possible VpU mutational patterns contributing to regulation of HIV-I tropism.

关键词： HIV VpU gpl20 V3 Mutations Tropism Cluster analysis

Oxygen-promoted synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons on Cu(111)

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第4期64卷 636-641页

作者： Penghui Ji Oliver MacLean Gianluca Galeotti Dominik Dettmann Giulia Berti Kewei Sun Haiming Zhang federico Rosei Lifeng Chi Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices Institute of Functional Nano&Soft MaterialsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Centre Energie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique1650 Boulevard Lionel-BouletVarennesQCCanada Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 180538 MunichGermany Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan

We report the systematic investigation of the effects of oxygen on the synthesis of 3 p sub-family armchair graphene nanoribbons(3 p-AGNRs),which revealed a strong catalytic effect with a reduction in the reaction temperature by approximately 180 K without degradation of the ***(para-phenylene)(3-AGNR)was generated through Ullmann-type coupling of4,4’’-dibromo-p-terphenyl on Cu(111),which was then converted into wider 3 p-AGNRs via lateral *** tunneling microscopy(STM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the formation of different ribbons up to 12-AGNR,which contained regions exhibiting increased STM contrast that we attribute to the intercalation of Br atoms during lateral fusion.

关键词： on-surface synthesis graphene nanoribbons C–H activation scanning tunneling microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Unveiling the controversial mechanism of reversible Na storage in TiO2 nanotube arrays： Amorphous versus anatase TiO2

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Nano Research 2017年第8期10卷 2891-2903页

作者： federico Bella Ana B. Munoz-Garcia Giuseppina Meligrana Andrea Lamberti Matteo Destro Michele Pavone Claudio Gerbaldi GAME Lab CHENERGY Group Department of Applied Science and Technology - DISAT Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples Fedefico II Via Cintia 21 University Campus of Monte Sant'Angelo 80126 Napoli Italy MPMNT Group Department of Applied Science and Technology - DISAT Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy LITHOPS S.r.l. Strada del Portone 61 10137 Torino Italy

Due to their inherent safety, low cost, and structural stability, TiO2 nanostructures represent a suitable choice as anode materials in sodiumion batteries. In the recent years, various hypotheses have been proposed regarding the actual mechanism of the reversible insertion of sodium ions in the TiO2 structure, and previous reports are often controversial in this respect. Interestingly, when tested as binder- and conducting additive-free electrodes in laboratory-scale sodium cells, amorphous and crystalline （anatase） TiO2 nanotubular arrays obtained by simple anodic oxidation exhibit peculiar and intrinsically different electrochemical responses. In particular, after the initial electrochemical activation, anatase TiO2 shows excellent rate capability and very stable long-term cycling performance with larger specific capacities, and thus a clearly superior response compared with the amorphous counterpart. To obtain deeper insight, the present materials are thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy and ex situ X-ray diffraction, and the insertion of sodium ions in the TiO2 bulk phases is systematically modeled by density functional theory calculations. The present results may contribute to the development of more systematic screening approaches to identify suitable active materials for highly efficient sodium-based energy storage systems.

关键词： sodium battery TiO2 nanotube array anode modeling insertion mechanism

Nitrate regulates rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbiosis in common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第3期56卷 281-298页

作者： Kalpana Nanjareddy Lourdes Blanco Manoj‐Kumar Arthikala Xochitl Alvarado Affantrange federico Sánchez Miguel Lara Genómica Funcional de Eucariotes Centro de Ciencias Genómicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM Apartado Postal 510‐3Cuernavaca Morelos 62271 México Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores‐UNAM León Blvd.UNAM 2011 Predio El Saucillo y El PotreroComunidad de los Tepetates León Gto.C.P.37684 Mexico Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas Instituto de BiotecnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM Apartado Postal 510‐3 Cuernavaca Morelos 62271 México

Nitrogen-limited conditions are considered to be a prerequisite for legume-rhizobial symbiosis, but the effects of nitrate-rich conditions on symbiotic status remain poorly understood. We addressed this issue by examining rhizobial （Rhizobim tropici） and arbusclar mycorrhizal （Glomus intraradices） symbiosis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Negro Jamapa under nitrate pre-incubation and continuous nitrate conditions. Our results indicate that nitrate pre-incubation, independent of the concentration, did not affect nodule development. However, the continuous supply of nitrate at high concentrations impaired nodule maturation and nodule numbers. Low nitrate conditions, in addition to positively regulating nodule number, biomass, and nitrogenase activity, also extended the span of nitrogen-fixing activity. By contrast, for arbuscular mycorrhizae, continuous 1o and 50mmol/L nitrate increased the percent root length colonization, concomitantly reduced arbuscule size, and enhanced ammonia transport without affecting phosphate transport. Therefore, in this manuscript, we have proposed the importance of nitrate as a positive regulator in promoting both rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbiosis in the common bean.

关键词： Arbuscule common bean mycorrhiza nitrate nodule Rhizobium

Neuroendocrine carcinomas arising in ulcerative colitis:Coincidences or possible correlations?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第33期15卷 4193-4195页

作者： Roberto Grassia Paolo Bodini Paolo Dizioli Teresa Staiano Elena Iiritano Guglielmo Bianchi federico Buffoli Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Unit A.O. "Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona"

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） are at increased risk of colorectal malignancies. Adenocarcinoma is the commonest type of colorectal neoplasm associated with ulcerative colitis （UC） and Crohn＇s disease, but other types of epithelial and non-epithelial tumors have also been described in inflamed bowel. With regards to non-epithelial malignancies, lymphomas and sarcomas represent the largest group of tumors reported in association with IBD, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Carcinoids and in particular neuroendocrine neoplasms other than carcinoids （NENs） are rare tumors and are infrequently described in the setting of IBD. Thus, this association requires further investigation. We report two cases of neoplasms arising in mild left-sided UC with immuno- histochemical staining for neuroendocrine markers： a large cell and a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum. The two patients were different in age （35 years vs 77 years） and disease duration （11 years vs 27 years）, and both had never received immunosuppressant drugs. Although the patients underwent regular endoscopic and histological follow-up, the two neoplasms were locally advanced at diagnosis. One of the two patients developed multiple liver metastases and died 15 mo after diagnosis. These findings confirm the aggressiveness and the poor prognosis of NENs compared to colorectal adenocarcinoma. While carcinoids seem to be coincidentally associated with IBD, NENs may also arise in this setting. In fact, long-standing inflammation could be directly responsible for the development of pancellular dysplasia involving epithelial, goblet, Paneth and neuroendocrine cells. It has yet to be established which IBD patients have a higher risk of developing NENs.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Large cell carcinoma Neuroendocrine carcinoma Small cell carcinoma

A New Formulation of Classical Mechanics—Part 2

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第5期4卷 939-966页

作者： federico Petrovich Departamento de Fisica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Ciudad Universitaria Buenos Aires Argentina

In the first part of this paper, we found a more convenient algorithm for solving the equation of motion of a system of n bodies. This algorithm consists in solving first the trajectory equation and then the temporal equation. In this occasion, we will introduce a new way to solve the temporal equation by curving the horizontal axis (the time axis). In this way, we will be able to see the period of some periodic systems as the length of a certain curve and this will allow us to approximate the period in a different way. We will also be able to solve some problems like the pendulum one without using elliptic integrals. Finally, we will solve Kepler’s problem using all the formalism.

关键词： Classical Mechanics Pendulum Kepler’s Problem

Immunotherapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma:Lights and shadows

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第9期14卷 1622-1636页

作者： federico Costante Carlo Airola Francesco Santopaolo Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Francesca Romana Ponziani Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRoma 00168Italy Catholic University Largo Francesco Vito 100168 RomaItaly

About one-fourth of adults globally suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), which is becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Its prevalence has rapidly increased in recent years, and is projected to increase even more. NAFLD is a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), the sixth-most prevalent cancer worldwide and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Although the molecular basis of HCC onset in NAFLD is not completely known, inflammation is a key player. The tumor microenvironment(TME) is heterogeneous in patients with HCC, and is characterized by complex interactions between immune system cells, tumor cells and other stromal and resident liver cells. The etiology of liver disease plays a role in controlling the TME and modulating the immune response. Markers of immune suppression in the TME are associated with a poor prognosis in several solid tumors. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) has become the main option for treating cancers, including HCC. However, meta-analyses have shown that patients with NAFLD-related HCC are less likely to benefit from therapy based on ICIs alone. Conversely, the addition of an angiogenesis inhibitor showed better results regarding the objective response rate and progression-free survival. Adjunctive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, such as the application of novel biomarkers and the modulation of gut microbiota, should be considered in the future to guide personalized medicine and improve the response to ICIs in patients with NAFLD-related HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunotherapy Liver cancer Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Obesity

Multiple immune disorders in unrecognized celiac disease:a case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第6期9卷 1377-1380页

作者： Giorgio LaVilla Pietro Pantaleo Roberto Tarquini Lino Cirami federico Perfetto Francesco Mancuso Giacomo Laffi Dipartimento di Medicina Interna Università degli Studi di FirenzeFirenzeItalia Unità Operativa di Nefrologia Dialisi e TrapiantoAzienda Ospedaliera CareggiFirenzeItalia

We reported a female patient with unrecognized celiac disease and multiple extra intestinal manifestations, mainly related to a deranged immune function, including macroamilasemia, macrolipasemia, IgA nephropathy,thyroiditis, and anti-b2-glicoprotein-1 antibodies, that disappeared or improved after the implementation of a gluten-free diet.

关键词： Abortion, Habitual Adult Celiac Disease Diet Female Glomerulonephritis, IGA Gluten dosage Humans Hyperamylasemia Immune System Diseases Lipase Thyroiditis, Autoimmune

Predictive factors of short term outcome after liver transplantation: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 5936-5949页

作者： Giuliano Bolondi federico Mocchegiani Roberto Montalti Daniele Nicolini Marco Vivarelli Lesley De Pietri Anaesthesiology Intensive Care and Pain Therapy Medical Residency University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery Department of Experimental Medicine Polytechnic University of Marche Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit Department of Cardiology Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Critical Care Medicine Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS

Liver transplantation represents a fundamental therapeutic solution to end-stage liver disease. The need for liver allografts has extended the set of criteria for organ acceptability, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. Little is known about the early postoperative parameters that can be used as valid predictive indices for early graft function, retransplantation or surgical reintervention, secondary complications, long intensive care unit stay or death. In this review, we present state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the early post-transplantation tests and scores that can be applied during the first postoperative week to predict liver allograft function and patient outcome, thereby guiding the therapeutic and surgical decisions of the medical staff. Post-transplant clinical and biochemical assessment of patients through laboratory tests (platelet count, transaminase and bilirubin levels, INR, factor V, lactates, and Insulin Growth Factor 1) and scores (model for end-stage liver disease, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, sequential organ failure assessment and model of early allograft function) have been reported to have good performance, but they only allow late evaluation of patient status and graft function, requiring days to be quantified. The indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate has long been used as a liver function assessment technique and has produced interesting, although not univocal, results when performed between the 1th and the 5th day after transplantation. The liver maximal function capacity test is a promising method of metabolic liver activity assessment, but its use is limited by economic cost and extrahepatic factors. To date, a consensual definition of early allograft dysfunction and the integration and validation of the above-mentioned techniques, through the development of numerically consistent multicentric prospective randomised trials, are necessary. The medical and surgical management of trans

关键词： Liver transplant Liver failure Early allograft dysfunction Primary non-function Initial poor function Outcome predictors Post operative Scoring system Indocyanine green Liver maximal functional capacity