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Distinct vibrational signatures and complex phase behavior in metallic oxygen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 4-11页

作者： Philip Dalladay-Simpson Bartomeu Monserrat Li Zhang federico Gorelli Center for High Pressure Science Technology Advanced Research 1690 Cailun RoadShanghai 201203China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB3 OFSUnited Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB3 OHEUnited Kingdom Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)50125 FlorenceItaly Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences(SHARPS) ShanghaiChina

Evidence for metallization in dense oxygen has been reported for over 30 years[Desgreniers et al.,***.94,1117(1990)]at a now routinely accessible 95 GPa[Shimizu et al.,Nature 393,767(1998)].However,despite the longevity of this result and the technological advances since,the nature of the metallic phase remains poorly constrained[Akahama et al.,***.74,4690(1995);Goncharov et al.,***.B 68,224108(2003);Ma,***.B 76,064101(2007);and Weck et al.,***.102,255503(2009)].In this work,through Raman spectroscopy,we report the distinct vibrational characteristics of metallicζ-O_(2) from 85 to 225 *** comparison with numerical simulations,weﬁnd reasonable agreement with the candidate structure up to about 150 *** higher pressures,the C2/mstructure is found to be unstable and incompatible with experimental *** candidate structures,and Ci,with C2/m C2/conly two molecules in the primitive unit cell,are found to be stable and more compatible with measurements above 175 GPa,indicative of the dissociation of(O_(2))4 ***,we report and discuss a strong hysteresis and metastability with the precursory phaseϵ-O_(2).Theseﬁndings will reinvigorate experimental and theoretical work into the dense oxygen system,which will have importance for oxygen-bearing chemistry,prevalent in the deep Earth,as well as fundamental physics.

关键词： metallic phase vibrational

Stable diffusion gradients in microfluidic conduits bounded by fluid walls

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 357-367页

作者： federico Nebuloni Cyril Deroy Peter R.Cook Edmond J.Walsh Department of Engineering Science Osney Thermo-Fluids InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxford OX20ESUK Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK

Assays mimicking in vitro the concentration gradients triggering biological responses like those involved in fighting infections and blood clotting are essential for biomedical *** assays prove especially attractive as they allow precise control of gradient shape allied to a reduction in *** microfluidic devices are fabricated using solid plastics that prevent direct access to responding ***-walled microfluidics allows the manufacture of circuits on standard Petri dishes in seconds,coupled to simple operating methods;cell-culture medium sitting in a standard dish is confined to circuits by fluid walls made of an immiscible *** develop and experimentally validate an analytical model of diffusion between two or more aqueous streams flowing at different rates into a fluid-walled conduit with the cross-section of a circular *** solid walls,fluid walls morph during flows as pressures fall,with wall shape changing down the *** model is validated experimentally for Fourier numbers<0.1 using fluorescein diffusing between laminar *** enables a priori prediction of concentration gradients throughout a conduit,so allowing rapid circuit design as well as providing bioscientists with an accurate way of predicting local concentrations of bioactive molecules around responsive and nonresponsive cells.

关键词： walls diffusion attractive

Facing ethical concerns in the age of precise gene therapy:Outlook on inherited arrhythmias

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第2期16卷 64-66页

作者： federico Carbone Fabrizio Montecucco Department of Internal Medicine University of GenoaGenoa 16132Italy IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa Italian Cardiovascular NetworkGenoa 16132Italy

This editorial,comments on the article by Spartalis et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of *** here provide an outlook on potential ethical concerns related to the future application of gene therapy in the field of inherited *** monogenic diseases with no or few therapeutic options available through standard care,inherited arrhythmias are ideal candidates to gene therapy in their *** with inherited arrhythmias typically have a poor quality of life,especially young people engaged in agonistic *** genome editing for treatment of inherited arrhythmias still has theoretical application,advances in CRISPR/Cas9 technology now allows the generation of knock-in animal models of the ***,clinical translation is somehow expected soon and this make consistent discussing about ethical concerns related to gene editing in inherited *** off-target activity is a known technical issue,but its relationship with ethnical and individual genetical diversity raises concerns about an equitable ***,the costeffectiveness may further limit an equal distribution of gene *** economic burden of gene therapies on healthcare systems is is increasingly recognized as a pressing concern.A growing body of studies are reporting uncertainty in payback periods with intuitive short-term effects for insurance-based healthcare systems,but potential concerns for universal healthcare systems in the long term as ***,those aspects strongly indicate a need of regulatory entities to manage those issues.

关键词： Ethics Inherited arrhythmias CRISPR/Cas9 Gene therapy Equitable accessibility

Fibula fractures management

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第5期12卷 254-269页

作者： Gianluca Canton Andrea Sborgia Guido Maritan Roberto Fattori federico roman Marko Tomic Massimo Max Morandi Luigi Murena Department of Medical Surgical and Life SciencesOrthopaedics and Traumatology UnitTrieste UniversityTrieste 34149Italy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Louisiana State University Health Science CenterShreveportLA 71103United States

Isolated distal fibula fractures represent the majority of ankle *** fractures are often the result of a low-energy trauma with external rotation and supination *** is based on clinical signs and radiographic *** X-rays have a role in detecting associated mortise *** depends on fracture type,displacement and associated ankle *** simple,minimally displaced fractures without ankle instability,conservative treatment leads to excellent *** treatment must also be considered in overaged unhealthy patients,even in unstable *** treatment is indicated when fracture or ankle instability are present,with several techniques *** is excellent in most *** regarding wound healing are frequent,especially with plate fixation,whereas other complications are uncommon.

关键词： Fibula fracture Lateral malleolus Distal fibula Management Treatment Ankle

Navigating the autophagic landscape:Epigenetic modulation in gastrointestinal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3628-3634页

作者： Davide Ramoni federico Carbone Fabrizio Montecucco Department of Internal Medicine University of GenoaGenoa 16132Italy Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa and IRCSS Policlinico San MartinoGenoa 16132Italy

This editorial comments on the manuscript by Chang et al,focusing on the still elusive interplay between epigenetic regulation and autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases,particularly ***,essential for cellular homeostasis,exhibits diverse functions ranging from cell survival to death,and is particularly implicated in physiological gastrointestinal cell ***,its role in pathological backgrounds remains intricate and *** underscore the dual nature of autophagy in cancer,where its early suppressive effects in early stages are juxtaposed with its later promotion,contributing to *** discrepancy is attributed to the dysregulation of autophagy-related genes and their intricate involvement in cellular *** modifications and regulations of gene expression,including non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),emerge as critical players in exerting regulatory control over autophagy flux,influencing treatment responses and tumor *** epigenetic mechanisms and improving strategies involving the inhibition or induction of autophagy through pharmacological or genetic means present potential avenues to sensitize tumor cells to ***,nanocarrier-based delivery of ncRNAs offers innovative therapeutic *** the intricate interaction between autophagy and ncRNA regula-tion opens avenues for the development of targeted therapies,thereby improving the prognosis of gastrointestinal malignancies with poor outcomes.

关键词： Epigenetic regulation Autophagy Gastrointestinal cancer Non-coding RNAs Target therapies

Ultrasound unveiling:Decoding venous congestion in heart failure for precision management of fluid status

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第6期16卷 306-309页

作者： Davide Ramoni federico Carbone Fabrizio Montecucco Department of Internal Medicine University of GenoaGenoa 16132Italy Department of Internal Medicine IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoa 16132Italy

This editorial discusses the manuscript by Di Maria et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of *** here focus on the still elusive pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cardio-renal syndrome(CRS),despite its high prevalence and the substantial worsening of both kidney function and heart *** the measure of right atrial pressure through right cardiac catheterization remains the most accurate albeit invasive and costly procedure,integrating bedside ultrasound into diagnostic protocols may substantially enhance the staging of venous congestion and guide therapeutic *** particular,with the assessment of Doppler patterns across multiple venous districts,the Venous Excess Ultrasound(VExUS)score improves the management of fluid overload and provides insight into the underlying factors contributing to cardio-renal *** specific echocardiographic parameters,particularly those concerning the right heart,may thus improve the VExUS score sensitivity,offering perspective into the nuanced comprehension of cardio-renal dynamics.A multidisciplinary approach that consistently incorporates the use of ultrasound is emerging as a promising advance in the understanding and management of CRS.

关键词： Cardio-renal syndrome Fluid overload Heart failure Ultrasound assessment Venous congestion Venous excess ultrasound score

Coated boron layers by boronization and a real-time boron coating using an impurity powder dropper in the LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 25-31页

作者： Naoko ASHIKAWA Robert LUNSFORD federico NESPOLI Erik GILSON Yaowei YU Jiansheng HU Shinichiro KADO National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292Japan Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton NJ 08540United States of America Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

In the Large Helical Device(LHD),diborane(B2H6)is used as a standard boron source for boronization,which is assisted by helium glow *** 2019,a new Impurity Powder Dropper(IPD)system was installed and is under evaluation as a real-time wall conditioning *** the LHD,which is a large-sized heliotron device,an additional helium(He)glow discharge cleaning(GDC)after boronization was operated for a reduction in hydrogen recycling from the coated boron *** operational time of 3 h was determined by spectroscopic data during glow discharges.A flat hydrogen profile is obtained on the top surface of the coated boron on the specimen exposed to *** results suggest a reduction in hydrogen at the top surface by *** oxygen in coated boron was obtained by boronization,and the coated boron,which has boron-oxide,on the first wall by B-IPD was also *** the difference in coating areas between B2H6 boronization and B-IPD operation,it would be most effective to use the IPD and B2H6 boronization coating together for optimized wall conditioning.

关键词： boron layer oxygen impurity hydrogen recycling impurity powder dropper LHD EAST

Aspirin interruption before neurosurgical interventions:A controversial problem

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第4期16卷 191-198页

作者： Alexander Kulikov Anton Konovalov Pier Paolo Pugnaloni federico Bilotta Department of Anesthesiology Burdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryMoscow 125047Russia Department of Vascular Neurosurgery Burdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryMoscow 125047Russia Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of Rome“Sapienza”Rome 00161Italy

Aspirin is widely used for primary or secondary prevention of ischemic *** the same time,chronic aspirin consumption can affect blood clot formation during surgical intervention and increase intraoperative blood *** is especially important for high-risk surgery,including *** European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend aspirin interruption for at least 7 d before neurosurgical intervention,but this suggestion is not supported by clinical *** narrative review presents evidence that challenges the necessity for aspirin interruption in neurosurgical patients,describes options for aspirin effect monitoring and the clinical implication of these methods,and summarizes current clinical data on bleeding risk associated with chronic aspirin therapy in neurosurgical patients,including brain tumor surgery,cerebrovascular procedures,and spinal surgery.

关键词： Aspirin Neurosurgery Postoperative complications Bleeding risk Brain tumor surgery Cerebrovascular surgery Spinal surgery

Thermoelectrocatalysis: an emerging strategy for converting waste heat into chemical energy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 19-21页

作者： Yuqiao Zhang Shun Li Jianming Zhang Li-Dong Zhao Yuanhua Lin Weishu Liu federico Rosei Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology(IQST) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Centre for Energy Materials and Telecommunications Institut national de la recherche scientifique

Waste heat emissions are universally present in the environment and industrial production. Innovations aimed at efficiently utilizing low-grade thermal energy have long been desired. Among these, thermoelectric materi...

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