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Distinct vibrational signatures and complex phase behavior in metallic oxygen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 4-11页

作者： philip Dalladay-Simpson Bartomeu Monserrat Li Zhang federico gorelli Center for High pressure Science Technology Advanced Research 1690 Cailun RoadShanghai 201203China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB3 OFSUnited Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJ.J.Thomson AvenueCambridge CB3 OHEUnited Kingdom Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR-INO)50125 FlorenceItaly Shanghai Advanced Research in physical Sciences(SHARpS) ShanghaiChina

Evidence for metallization in dense oxygen has been reported for over 30 years[Desgreniers et al.,J.phys.Chem.94,1117(1990)]at a now routinely accessible 95 gpa[Shimizu et al.,Nature 393,767(1998)].However,despite the longevity of this result and the technological advances since,the nature of the metallic phase remains poorly constrained[Akahama et al.,phys.Rev.Lett.74,4690(1995);goncharov et al.,phys.Rev.B 68,224108(2003);Ma,phys.Rev.B 76,064101(2007);and Weck et al.,phys.Rev.Lett.102,255503(2009)].In this work,through Raman spectroscopy,we report the distinct vibrational characteristics of metallicζ-O_(2) from 85 to 225 gpa.In comparison with numerical simulations,weﬁnd reasonable agreement with the candidate structure up to about 150 gpa.At higher pressures,the C2/mstructure is found to be unstable and incompatible with experimental observations.Alternative candidate structures,and Ci,with C2/m C2/conly two molecules in the primitive unit cell,are found to be stable and more compatible with measurements above 175 gpa,indicative of the dissociation of(O_(2))4 units.Further,we report and discuss a strong hysteresis and metastability with the precursory phaseϵ-O_(2).Theseﬁndings will reinvigorate experimental and theoretical work into the dense oxygen system,which will have importance for oxygen-bearing chemistry,prevalent in the deep Earth,as well as fundamental physics.

关键词： metallic phase vibrational

Red cell distribution width/platelet ratio estimates the 3-year risk of decompensation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-induced cirrhosis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 685-704页

作者： Marcello Dallio Mario Romeo paolo Vaia Salvatore Auletta Simone Mammone Marina Cipullo Luigi Sapio Angela Ragone Marco Niosi Silvio Naviglio Alessandro federico Department of precision Medicine Hepatogastroenterology DivisionUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of precision Medicine Clinical Biochemistry DivisionUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy

BACKgROUND For compensated advanced chronic liver disease(cACLD)patients,the first decompensation represents a dramatically worsening prognostic event.Based on the first decompensation event(DE),the transition to decompensated advanced chronic liver disease(dACLD)can occur through two modalities referred to as acute decompensation(AD)and non-AD(NAD),respectively.Clinically Significant portal Hypertension(CSpH)is considered the strongest predictor of decompensation in these patients.However,due to its invasiveness and costs,CSpH is almost never evaluated in clinical practice.Therefore,recognizing noninvasively predicting tools still have more appeal across healthcare systems.The red cell distribution width to platelet ratio(RpR)has been reported to be an indicator of hepatic fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease(MASLD).However,its predictive role for the decompensation has never been explored.AIM In this observational study,we investigated the clinical usage of RpR in predicting DEs in MASLD-related cACLD patients.METHODS Fourty controls and 150 MASLD-cACLD patients were consecutively enrolled and followed up(FUp)semiannually for 3 years.At baseline,biochemical,clinical,and Liver Stiffness Measurement(LSM),Child-pugh(Cp),Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD),aspartate aminotransferase/platelet count ratio index(ApRI),Fibrosis-4(FIB-4),Albumin-Bilirubin(ALBI),ALBI-FIB-4,and RpR were collected.During FUp,DEs(timing and modaities)were recorded.CSpH was assessed at the baseline and on DE occurrence according to the available Clinical practice guidelines.RESULTS Of 150 MASLD-related cACLD patients,43(28.6%)progressed to dACLD at a median time of 28.9 months(29 NAD and 14 AD).Baseline RpR values were significantly higher in cACLD in comparison to controls,as well as MELD,Cp,ApRI,FIB-4,ALBI,ALBI-FIB-4,and LSM in dACLD-progressing compared to cACLD individuals[all ppt for FIB-4(p:0.007)and ALBI(p:0.011)].Receiving operator curve analysis revealed RpR>0.472 and>0.894 as the best

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Red blood cell distribution width Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio Translational Medicine prognostic biomarker

Melanocortin 3,5 receptors immunohistochemical expression in colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease patients:A matter of disease activity?

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1132-1142页

作者： Antonietta gerarda gravina Iacopo panarese Maria Consiglia Trotta Michele D'Amico Raffaele pellegrino Franca Ferraraccio Marilena galdiero Roberto Alfano paolo grieco Alessandro federico Hepatogastroenterology Division Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy pathology Division Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Experimental Medicine Division of PharmacologyUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences(DAMSS) University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of pharmacy University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy

BACKgROUND Melanocortin 3 and 5 receptors(i.e.,MC3R and MC5R)belong to the melanocortin family.However,data regarding their role in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)are currently unavailable.AIM This study aims to ascertain their expression profiles in the colonic mucosa of Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),aligning them with IBD disease endoscopic and histologic activity.METHODS Colonic mucosal biopsies from CD/UC patients were sampled,and immunohisto-chemical analyses were conducted to evaluate the expression of MC3R and MC5R.Colonic sampling was performed on both traits with endoscopic scores(Mayo endoscopic score and CD endoscopic index of severity)consistent with inflamed mucosa and not consistent with disease activity(i.e.,normal appearing mucosa).RESULTS In both CD and UC inflamed mucosa,MC3R(CD:+7.7 fold vs normal mucosa,ppppgnificantly more expressed compared to normal mucosa.CONCLUSION MC3R and MC5R are expressed in the colon of IBD patients.Furthermore,expression may differ according to disease endoscopic activity,with a higher degree of expression in the traits affected by disease activity in both CD and UC,suggesting a potential use of these receptors in IBD pharmacology.

关键词： Melanocortin 3 receptor Melanocortin 5 receptor Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease

Laser-optimized pt-Y alloy nanoparticles embedded in pt-Y oxide matrix for high stability and ORR electrocatalytic activity

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 508-520页

作者： Riccardo Brandiele Andrea guadagnini Mattia parnigotto federico pini Vito Coviello Denis Badocco paolo pastore gian Andrea Rizzi Andrea Vittadini Daniel Forrer Vincenzo Amendola Christian Durante Department of Chemical Sciences University of PaduaVia Marzolo 135131 PadovaItaly Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia ICMATE-CNR via Marzolo 1 I-35131 PadovaItaly

The development of active yet stable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is still a major issue for the extensive permeation of fuel cells into everyday technology.While nanostructured pt catalysts are to date the best available systems in terms of activity,the same is not true for stability,particularly under operating conditions.In this work,pt_(Х)Y alloy nanoparticles are proposed as active and durable electrocatalysts for ORR.pt_(Х)Y nanoalloys are synthesized and further optimized by laser ablation in liquid followed by laser fragmentation in liquid.The novel integrated laser-assisted methodology succeeded in producing pt_(Х)Y nanoparticles with the ideal size(pt catalysts,yet resulting remarkably more active with E_(1/2)=0.943 V vs.RHE,specific activity=1095μA cm^(-2) and mass activity>1000 A g^(-1).At the same time,the nanoalloys are embedded in a fine pt oxide matrix,which allows a greater stability of the catalyst than the commercial pt reference,as directly verified on a gas diffusion electrode.

关键词： Electrocatalysis gDE ORR pt_(2)Y pt_(3)Y LAL LFL Oxide support pto Nanoalloys

Biomechanical analysis of the "running" vs. "conventional" diagonal stride uphill techniques as performed by elite cross-country skiers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 30-39页

作者： Barbara pellegrini Chiara Zoppirolli federico Stella Lorenzo Bortolan Hans-Christer Holmberg federico Schena CeRiSM(Research Centre of Mountain Sport and Health) University of VeronaRovereto 38068Italy Department of Neuroscience Biomedicine and MovementUniversity of VeronaVerona 37129Italy Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre Department of Health SciencesMid Sweden UniversityÖstersund 83125Sweden School of Kinesiology University of British ColumbiaVancouver BC V6T 1Z1Canada Biomechanics Laboratory Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

purpose:This study aimed to compare biomechanical aspects of a novel"running"diagonal stride(DSRUN)with"conventional"diagonal stride(DSCONV)skiing techniques performed at high speed.Methods:Ten elite Italian male junior cross-country skiers skied on a treadmill at 10 km/h and at a 10°incline utilizing both variants of the diagonal stride technique.The 3-dimensional kinematics of the body,poles,and roller skis;the force exerted through the poles and foot plantar surfaces;and the angular motion of the leg joints were determined.Results:Compared to DSCONV,DSRUN demonstrated shorter cycle times(1.05±0.05 s vs.0.75±0.03 s(mean±SD),pg phase(0.40±0.04 s vs.0.09±0.04 s,pgreater force applied perpendicularly to the roller skis when they had stopped rolling forward(413±190 N vs.890±170 N,ppeak force being attained earlier;prolonged knee extension,with a greater range of motion during the roller ski-stop phase(28°±40 vs.16°±3°,p=0.00014);and more pronounced hip and knee flexion during most of the forward leg swing.The mechanical work performed against friction during rolling was significantly less with DSRUN than with DSCONV(0.04±0.01 J/m/kg vs.0.10±0.02 J/m/kg,pgs demonstrate that DSRUN is characterize by more rapid propulsion,earlier leg extension,and a greater range of motion of knee joint extension than DSCONV-Further investigations,preferably on snow,should reveal whether DSRUN results in higher acceleration and/or higher peak speed.

关键词： Classical skiing Kinetics Roller skiing

Radiative decays D*(s)→ D(s)γ in covariant confined quark model

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Chinese physics C 2024年第2期48卷 45-56页

作者： C.T.Tran M.A.Ivanov p.Santorelli Q.C.Vo Department of physics HCMC University of Technology and EducationVo Van Ngan 1700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research141980 DubnaRussia Dipartimento di Fisica"E.pancini" Universitàdi Napoli Federico ⅡComplesso Universitario di Monte S.AngeloVia CintiaEdificio 680126 NapoliItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli80126 NapoliItaly University of Science 700000 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Radiative decays D((s))*→D((s))γare revisited in light of new experimental data from the BaBar and BESⅢCollaborations.The radiative couplings gD*Dγencoding nonperturbative QCD effects are calculated in the framework of the covariant confined quark model developed by us.We compare our results with other theoretical studies and experimental data.The couplings(in geV-1)|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.45(9)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.72(34)calculated in our model agree with the corresponding experimental data|g(D*+D+γ)|=0.47(7)and|g(D*0D0γ)|=1.77(16).The most interesting case is the decay Ds*→Dsγ,for which a recent prediction based on light-cone sum rules at next-to-leading order|gDs*Dsγ|=0.60(19)deviates from the first(and only to date)lattice QCD result|gDs*Dsγ|=0.11(2)at nearly3σ.Our calculation yields|gDs*Dsγ|=0.29(6),which falls somehow between the two mentioned results,although it is larger than those predicted in other studies using quark models or QCD sum rules.

关键词： covariant quark model radiative decay charmed meson

Numerical Stability Analysis for a Stationary and Translating Droplet at Extremely Low Viscosity Values Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method Color-gradientMulti-Component Model with Central Moments Formulation

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Communications in Computational physics 2023年第1期33卷 330-348页

作者： Karun p.N.Datadien gianluca Di Staso federico Toschi Department of Applied physics and Science Education Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenNetherlands FLOW Matters Consultancy B.V. 5612AEEindhovenThe Netherlands Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche00185 RomeItaly

Multicomponent models based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)have clear advantages with respect to other approaches,such as good parallel performances and scalability and the automatic resolution of breakup and coalescence events.Multicomponent flow simulations are useful for a wide range of applications,yet many multicomponent models for LBMare limited in their numerical stability and therefore do not allow exploration of physically relevant low viscosity regimes.Here we performa quantitative study and validations,varying parameters such as viscosity,droplet radius,domain size and acceleration for stationary and translating droplet simulations for the color-gradientmethod with centralmoments(Cg-CM)formulation,as this method promises increased numerical stability with respect to the non-CMformulation.We focus on numerical stability and on the effect of decreasing grid-spacing,i.***.increasing resolution,in the extremely low viscosity regime for stationary droplet simulations.The effects of small-and large-scale anisotropy,due to grid-spacing and domain-size,respectively,are investigated for a stationary droplet.The effects on numerical stability of applying a uniform acceleration in one direction on the domain,i.***.on both the droplet and the ambient,is explored into the low viscosity regime,to probe the numerical stability of the method under dynamical conditions.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method multicomponent flow numerical stability low viscosity

A Quantitative Comparison of physical Accuracy and Numerical Stability of Lattice Boltzmann Color gradient and pseudopotential Multicomponent Models for Microfluidic Applications

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Communications in Computational physics 2022年第7期32卷 450-489页

作者： Karun p.N.Datadien gianluca Di Staso Herman M.A.Wijshoff federico Toschi Department of Applied physics Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AZ EindhovenNetherlands FLOW Matters Consultancy B.V. 5612AEEindhovenThe Netherlands Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AZ EindhovenNetherlands Canon production printing Netherlands B.V. 5914 HHVenloThe Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AZ EindhovenNetherlands Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche00185 RomeItaly

The performances of the Color-gradient(Cg)and the Shan-Chen(SC)multicomponent Lattice Boltzmann models are quantitatively compared side-by-side on multiple physical flow problems where breakup,coalescence and contraction of fluid ligaments are important.The flow problems are relevant to microfluidic applications,jetting of microdroplets as seen in inkjet printing,as well as emulsion dynamics.A significantly wider range of parameters is shown to be accessible for Cg in terms of density-ratio,viscosity-ratio and surface tension values.Numerical stability for a high density ratio O(1000)is required for simulating the drop formation process during inkjet printing which we show here to be achievable using the Cg model but not using the SC model.Our results show that the Cg model is a suitable choice for challenging simulations of droplet formation,due to a combination of both numerical stability and physical accuracy.We also present a novel approach to incorporate repulsion forces between interfaces for Cg,with possible applications to the study of stabilized emulsions.Specifically,we show that the Cg model can produce similar results to a known multirange potentials extension of the SC model for modelling a disjoining pressure,opening up its use for the study of dense stabilized emulsions.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method multiphase flow multicomponent flow inkjet printing turbulent emulsion

Comparison of Lattice Boltzmann,Finite Element and Volume of Fluid Multicomponent Methods for Microfluidic Flow problems and the Jetting of Microdroplets

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Communications in Computational physics 2023年第3期33卷 912-936页

作者： Karun p.N.Datadien gianluca Di Staso Christian Diddens Herman M.A.Wijshoff federico Toschi Department of Applied physics and Science Education Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenNetherlands FLOW Matters Consultancy B.V. 5612AEEindhovenThe Netherlands physics of Fluids group Department of Science and TechnologyMesa+InstituteMax Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics and J.M.Burgers Centre for Fluid DynamicsUniversity of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands Canon production printing Netherlands B.V. 5914 HHVenloThe Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenNetherlands Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche00185 RomeItaly.

We show that the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)based color-gradient model with a central moments formulation(Cg-CM)is capable of accurately simulating the droplet-on-demand inkjetting process on a micrometer length scale by comparing it to the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian Finite Element Method(ALE-FEM).A full jetting cycle is simulated using both Cg-CM and ALE-FEMand results are quantitatively compared by measuring the ejected ink velocity,volume and contraction rate.We also show that the individual relevant physical phenomena are accurately captured by considering three test-cases;droplet oscillation,ligament contraction and capillary rise.The first two cases test accuracy for a dynamic system where surface tension is the driving force and the third case is designed to test wetting boundary conditions.For the first two cases we also compare the Cg-CM and ALE-FEM results to Volume of Fluid(VOF)simulations.Comparison of the three methods shows close agreement when compared to each other and analytical solutions,where available.Finally we demonstrate that asymmetric jetting is achievable using 3D Cg-CM simulations utilizing asymmetric wetting conditions inside the jet-nozzle.This allows for systematic investigation into the physics of asymmetric jetting,e.***.due to jet-nozzle manufacturing imperfections or due to other disturbances.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method multiphase flow multicomponent flow inkjet printing